/* * Copyright (c) 2000-2019 Apple Inc. All rights reserved. * * @APPLE_OSREFERENCE_LICENSE_HEADER_START@ * * This file contains Original Code and/or Modifications of Original Code * as defined in and that are subject to the Apple Public Source License * Version 2.0 (the 'License'). You may not use this file except in * compliance with the License. The rights granted to you under the License * may not be used to create, or enable the creation or redistribution of, * unlawful or unlicensed copies of an Apple operating system, or to * circumvent, violate, or enable the circumvention or violation of, any * terms of an Apple operating system software license agreement. * * Please obtain a copy of the License at * http://www.opensource.apple.com/apsl/ and read it before using this file. * * The Original Code and all software distributed under the License are * distributed on an 'AS IS' basis, WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EITHER * EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, AND APPLE HEREBY DISCLAIMS ALL SUCH WARRANTIES, * INCLUDING WITHOUT LIMITATION, ANY WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE, QUIET ENJOYMENT OR NON-INFRINGEMENT. * Please see the License for the specific language governing rights and * limitations under the License. * * @APPLE_OSREFERENCE_LICENSE_HEADER_END@ */ /* * @OSF_COPYRIGHT@ */ /* * Mach Operating System * Copyright (c) 1991,1990,1989,1988,1987 Carnegie Mellon University * All Rights Reserved. * * Permission to use, copy, modify and distribute this software and its * documentation is hereby granted, provided that both the copyright * notice and this permission notice appear in all copies of the * software, derivative works or modified versions, and any portions * thereof, and that both notices appear in supporting documentation. * * CARNEGIE MELLON ALLOWS FREE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE IN ITS "AS IS" * CONDITION. CARNEGIE MELLON DISCLAIMS ANY LIABILITY OF ANY KIND FOR * ANY DAMAGES WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE. * * Carnegie Mellon requests users of this software to return to * * Software Distribution Coordinator or Software.Distribution@CS.CMU.EDU * School of Computer Science * Carnegie Mellon University * Pittsburgh PA 15213-3890 * * any improvements or extensions that they make and grant Carnegie Mellon * the rights to redistribute these changes. */ /* */ /* * File: zalloc.h * Author: Avadis Tevanian, Jr. * Date: 1985 * */ #ifdef KERNEL_PRIVATE #ifndef _KERN_ZALLOC_H_ #define _KERN_ZALLOC_H_ #include <mach/machine/vm_types.h> #include <mach_debug/zone_info.h> #include <kern/kern_types.h> #include <sys/cdefs.h> #ifdef MACH_KERNEL_PRIVATE #include <zone_debug.h> #include <kern/locks.h> #include <kern/queue.h> #include <kern/thread_call.h> #include <kern/btlog.h> #if KASAN #include <sys/queue.h> #include <san/kasan.h> #endif #ifdef CONFIG_ZCACHE #include <kern/zcache.h> #endif #if CONFIG_GZALLOC typedef struct gzalloc_data { uint32_t gzfc_index; vm_offset_t *gzfc; } gzalloc_data_t; #endif /* * A zone is a collection of fixed size blocks for which there * is fast allocation/deallocation access. Kernel routines can * use zones to manage data structures dynamically, creating a zone * for each type of data structure to be managed. * */ struct zone_free_element; struct zone_page_metadata; struct zone { #ifdef CONFIG_ZCACHE struct zone_cache *zcache; #endif /* CONFIG_ZCACHE */ struct zone_free_element *free_elements; /* free elements directly linked */ struct { queue_head_t any_free_foreign; /* foreign pages crammed into zone */ queue_head_t all_free; queue_head_t intermediate; queue_head_t all_used; } pages; /* list of zone_page_metadata structs, which maintain per-page free element lists */ int count; /* Number of elements used now */ int countfree; /* Number of free elements */ int count_all_free_pages; /* Number of pages collectable by GC */ lck_attr_t lock_attr; /* zone lock attribute */ decl_lck_mtx_data(, lock); /* zone lock */ lck_mtx_ext_t lock_ext; /* placeholder for indirect mutex */ vm_size_t cur_size; /* current memory utilization */ vm_size_t max_size; /* how large can this zone grow */ vm_size_t elem_size; /* size of an element */ vm_size_t alloc_size; /* size used for more memory */ uint64_t page_count __attribute__((aligned(8))); /* number of pages used by this zone */ uint64_t sum_count; /* count of allocs (life of zone) */ uint64_t /* boolean_t */ exhaustible :1, /* (F) merely return if empty? */ /* boolean_t */ collectable :1, /* (F) garbage collect empty pages */ /* boolean_t */ expandable :1, /* (T) expand zone (with message)? */ /* boolean_t */ allows_foreign :1, /* (F) allow non-zalloc space */ /* boolean_t */ doing_alloc_without_vm_priv:1, /* is zone expanding now via a non-vm_privileged thread? */ /* boolean_t */ doing_alloc_with_vm_priv:1, /* is zone expanding now via a vm_privileged thread? */ /* boolean_t */ waiting :1, /* is thread waiting for expansion? */ /* boolean_t */ async_pending :1, /* asynchronous allocation pending? */ /* boolean_t */ zleak_on :1, /* Are we collecting allocation information? */ /* boolean_t */ caller_acct :1, /* do we account allocation/free to the caller? */ /* boolean_t */ noencrypt :1, /* boolean_t */ no_callout :1, /* boolean_t */ async_prio_refill :1, /* boolean_t */ gzalloc_exempt :1, /* boolean_t */ alignment_required :1, /* boolean_t */ zone_logging :1, /* Enable zone logging for this zone. */ /* boolean_t */ zone_replenishing :1, /* boolean_t */ kasan_quarantine :1, /* boolean_t */ tags :1, /* boolean_t */ tags_inline :1, /* future */ tag_zone_index :6, /* boolean_t */ zone_valid :1, /* boolean_t */ cpu_cache_enable_when_ready :1, /* boolean_t */ cpu_cache_enabled :1, /* boolean_t */ clear_memory :1, /* boolean_t */ zone_destruction :1, /* future */ _reserved :33; int index; /* index into zone_info arrays for this zone */ const char *zone_name; /* a name for the zone */ #if CONFIG_ZLEAKS uint32_t zleak_capture; /* per-zone counter for capturing every N allocations */ #endif /* CONFIG_ZLEAKS */ uint32_t zp_count; /* counter for poisoning every N frees */ vm_size_t prio_refill_watermark; thread_t zone_replenish_thread; #if CONFIG_GZALLOC gzalloc_data_t gz; #endif /* CONFIG_GZALLOC */ #if KASAN_ZALLOC vm_size_t kasan_redzone; #endif btlog_t *zlog_btlog; /* zone logging structure to hold stacks and element references to those stacks. */ }; /* * structure for tracking zone usage * Used either one per task/thread for all zones or <per-task,per-zone>. */ typedef struct zinfo_usage_store_t { /* These fields may be updated atomically, and so must be 8 byte aligned */ uint64_t alloc __attribute__((aligned(8))); /* allocation counter */ uint64_t free __attribute__((aligned(8))); /* free counter */ } zinfo_usage_store_t; /* * For sysctl kern.zones_collectable_bytes used by memory_maintenance to check if a * userspace reboot is needed. The only other way to query for this information * is via mach_memory_info() which is unavailable on release kernels. */ extern uint64_t get_zones_collectable_bytes(void); /* * zone_gc also checks if the zone_map is getting close to full and triggers jetsams if needed, provided * consider_jetsams is set to TRUE. To avoid deadlocks, we only pass a value of TRUE from within the * vm_pageout_garbage_collect thread. */ extern void zone_gc(boolean_t consider_jetsams); extern void consider_zone_gc(boolean_t consider_jetsams); extern void drop_free_elements(zone_t z); /* Debug logging for zone-map-exhaustion jetsams. */ extern void get_zone_map_size(uint64_t *current_size, uint64_t *capacity); extern void get_largest_zone_info(char *zone_name, size_t zone_name_len, uint64_t *zone_size); /* Bootstrap zone module (create zone zone) */ extern void zone_bootstrap(void); /* Init zone module */ extern void zone_init( vm_size_t map_size); /* Stack use statistics */ extern void stack_fake_zone_init(int zone_index); extern void stack_fake_zone_info( int *count, vm_size_t *cur_size, vm_size_t *max_size, vm_size_t *elem_size, vm_size_t *alloc_size, uint64_t *sum_size, int *collectable, int *exhaustable, int *caller_acct); #if ZONE_DEBUG extern void zone_debug_enable( zone_t z); extern void zone_debug_disable( zone_t z); #define zone_debug_enabled(z) z->active_zones.next #define ROUNDUP(x, y) ((((x)+(y)-1)/(y))*(y)) #define ZONE_DEBUG_OFFSET ROUNDUP(sizeof(queue_chain_t),16) #endif /* ZONE_DEBUG */ extern unsigned int num_zones; extern struct zone zone_array[]; /* zindex and page_count must pack into 16 bits * update tools/lldbmacros/memory.py:GetRealMetadata * when these values change */ #define ZINDEX_BITS (10U) #define PAGECOUNT_BITS (16U - ZINDEX_BITS) #define MULTIPAGE_METADATA_MAGIC ((1UL << ZINDEX_BITS) - 1) #define ZONE_CHUNK_MAXPAGES ((1UL << PAGECOUNT_BITS) - 1) /* * The max # of elements in a chunk should fit into zone_page_metadata.free_count (uint16_t). * Update this if the type of free_count changes. */ #define ZONE_CHUNK_MAXELEMENTS (UINT16_MAX) #endif /* MACH_KERNEL_PRIVATE */ __BEGIN_DECLS /* Item definitions for zalloc/zinit/zone_change */ #define Z_EXHAUST 1 /* Make zone exhaustible */ #define Z_COLLECT 2 /* Make zone collectable */ #define Z_EXPAND 3 /* Make zone expandable */ #define Z_FOREIGN 4 /* Allow collectable zone to contain foreign elements */ #define Z_CALLERACCT 5 /* Account alloc/free against the caller */ #define Z_NOENCRYPT 6 /* Don't encrypt zone during hibernation */ #define Z_NOCALLOUT 7 /* Don't asynchronously replenish the zone via callouts */ #define Z_ALIGNMENT_REQUIRED 8 #define Z_GZALLOC_EXEMPT 9 /* Not tracked in guard allocation mode */ #define Z_KASAN_QUARANTINE 10 /* Allow zone elements to be quarantined on free */ #ifdef XNU_KERNEL_PRIVATE #define Z_TAGS_ENABLED 11 /* Store tags */ #endif /* XNU_KERNEL_PRIVATE */ #define Z_CACHING_ENABLED 12 /*enable and initialize per-cpu caches for the zone*/ #define Z_CLEARMEMORY 13 /* Use KMA_ZERO on new allocations */ #ifdef XNU_KERNEL_PRIVATE extern vm_offset_t zone_map_min_address; extern vm_offset_t zone_map_max_address; /* free an element with no regard for gzalloc, zleaks, or kasan*/ extern void zfree_direct( zone_t zone, vm_offset_t elem); /* attempts to allocate an element with no regard for gzalloc, zleaks, or kasan*/ extern void * zalloc_attempt( zone_t zone); /* Non-waiting for memory version of zalloc */ extern void * zalloc_nopagewait( zone_t zone); /* selective version of zalloc */ extern void * zalloc_canblock( zone_t zone, boolean_t canblock); /* selective version of zalloc */ extern void * zalloc_canblock_tag( zone_t zone, boolean_t canblock, vm_size_t reqsize, vm_tag_t tag); /* Get from zone free list */ extern void * zget( zone_t zone); /* Fill zone with memory */ extern void zcram( zone_t zone, vm_offset_t newmem, vm_size_t size); /* Initially fill zone with specified number of elements */ extern int zfill( zone_t zone, int nelem); extern void zone_prio_refill_configure(zone_t, vm_size_t); /* See above/top of file. Z_* definitions moved so they would be usable by kexts */ /* Preallocate space for zone from zone map */ extern void zprealloc( zone_t zone, vm_size_t size); extern integer_t zone_free_count( zone_t zone); extern vm_size_t zone_element_size( void *addr, zone_t *z); /* * Structure for keeping track of a backtrace, used for leak detection. * This is in the .h file because it is used during panic, see kern/debug.c * A non-zero size indicates that the trace is in use. */ struct ztrace { vm_size_t zt_size; /* How much memory are all the allocations referring to this trace taking up? */ uint32_t zt_depth; /* depth of stack (0 to MAX_ZTRACE_DEPTH) */ void* zt_stack[MAX_ZTRACE_DEPTH]; /* series of return addresses from OSBacktrace */ uint32_t zt_collisions; /* How many times did a different stack land here while it was occupied? */ uint32_t zt_hit_count; /* for determining effectiveness of hash function */ }; #if CONFIG_ZLEAKS /* support for the kern.zleak.* sysctls */ extern kern_return_t zleak_activate(void); extern vm_size_t zleak_max_zonemap_size; extern vm_size_t zleak_global_tracking_threshold; extern vm_size_t zleak_per_zone_tracking_threshold; extern int get_zleak_state(void); #endif /* CONFIG_ZLEAKS */ #ifndef VM_MAX_TAG_ZONES #error MAX_TAG_ZONES #endif #if VM_MAX_TAG_ZONES extern boolean_t zone_tagging_on; extern uint32_t zone_index_from_tag_index(uint32_t tag_zone_index, vm_size_t * elem_size); #endif /* VM_MAX_TAG_ZONES */ /* These functions used for leak detection both in zalloc.c and mbuf.c */ extern uintptr_t hash_mix(uintptr_t); extern uint32_t hashbacktrace(uintptr_t *, uint32_t, uint32_t); extern uint32_t hashaddr(uintptr_t, uint32_t); #define lock_zone(zone) \ MACRO_BEGIN \ lck_mtx_lock_spin_always(&(zone)->lock); \ MACRO_END #define unlock_zone(zone) \ MACRO_BEGIN \ lck_mtx_unlock(&(zone)->lock); \ MACRO_END #if CONFIG_GZALLOC void gzalloc_init(vm_size_t); void gzalloc_zone_init(zone_t); void gzalloc_configure(void); void gzalloc_reconfigure(zone_t); void gzalloc_empty_free_cache(zone_t); boolean_t gzalloc_enabled(void); vm_offset_t gzalloc_alloc(zone_t, boolean_t); boolean_t gzalloc_free(zone_t, void *); boolean_t gzalloc_element_size(void *, zone_t *, vm_size_t *); #endif /* CONFIG_GZALLOC */ /* Callbacks for btlog lock/unlock */ void zlog_btlog_lock(__unused void *); void zlog_btlog_unlock(__unused void *); #ifdef MACH_KERNEL_PRIVATE #define MAX_ZONE_NAME 32 /* max length of a zone name we can take from the boot-args */ int track_this_zone(const char *zonename, const char *logname); #endif #if DEBUG || DEVELOPMENT extern boolean_t run_zone_test(void); extern vm_size_t zone_element_info(void *addr, vm_tag_t * ptag); #endif /* DEBUG || DEVELOPMENT */ #endif /* XNU_KERNEL_PRIVATE */ /* Allocate from zone */ extern void * zalloc( zone_t zone); /* Non-blocking version of zalloc */ extern void * zalloc_noblock( zone_t zone); /* Free zone element */ extern void zfree( zone_t zone, void *elem); #ifdef XNU_KERNEL_PRIVATE #define zfree(zone, elem) \ _Pragma("clang diagnostic push") \ _Pragma("clang diagnostic ignored \"-Wshadow\"") \ do { \ _Static_assert(sizeof (elem) == sizeof (void *) || sizeof (elem) == sizeof (mach_vm_address_t), "elem is not a pointer"); \ void *__tmp_addr = (void *) elem; \ zone_t __tmp_zone = zone; \ elem = (__typeof__(elem)) NULL; \ (zfree)(__tmp_zone, __tmp_addr); \ } while (0) \ _Pragma("clang diagnostic pop") #endif /* XNU_KERNEL_PRIVATE */ /* Create zone */ extern zone_t zinit( vm_size_t size, /* the size of an element */ vm_size_t maxmem, /* maximum memory to use */ vm_size_t alloc, /* allocation size */ const char *name); /* a name for the zone */ /* Change zone parameters */ extern void zone_change( zone_t zone, unsigned int item, boolean_t value); /* Destroy the zone */ extern void zdestroy( zone_t zone); #ifdef XNU_KERNEL_PRIVATE /* Panic if a pointer is not mapped to the zone specified */ extern void zone_require( void *addr, zone_t expected_zone); #endif /* XNU_KERNEL_PRIVATE */ __END_DECLS #endif /* _KERN_ZALLOC_H_ */ #endif /* KERNEL_PRIVATE */