.\" $NetBSD: _exit.2,v 1.6 1995/02/27 12:31:34 cgd Exp $ .\" .\" Copyright (c) 1980, 1993 .\" The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. .\" .\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without .\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions .\" are met: .\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright .\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. .\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright .\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the .\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. .\" 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software .\" must display the following acknowledgement: .\" This product includes software developed by the University of .\" California, Berkeley and its contributors. .\" 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors .\" may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software .\" without specific prior written permission. .\" .\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND .\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE .\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE .\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE .\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL .\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS .\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) .\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT .\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY .\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF .\" SUCH DAMAGE. .\" .\" @(#)_exit.2 8.1 (Berkeley) 6/4/93 .\" .Dd June 4, 1993 .Dt EXIT 2 .Os BSD 4 .Sh NAME .Nm _exit .Nd terminate the calling process .Sh SYNOPSIS .Fd #include <unistd.h> .Ft void .Fo _exit .Fa "int status" .Fc .Sh DESCRIPTION The .Fn _exit function terminates a process, with the following consequences: .Bl -bullet .It All of the descriptors that were open in the calling process are closed. This may entail delays; for example, waiting for output to drain. A process in this state may not be killed, as it is already dying. .It If the parent process of the calling process has an outstanding .Xr wait call or catches the .Dv SIGCHLD signal, it is notified of the calling process's termination; the .Em status is set as defined by .Xr wait 2 . .It The parent process-ID of all of the calling process's existing child processes are set to 1; the initialization process (see the DEFINITIONS section of .Xr intro 2 ) inherits each of these processes. .It If the termination of the process causes any process group to become orphaned (usually because the parents of all members of the group have now exited; see .Dq orphaned process group in .Xr intro 2 ) , and if any member of the orphaned group is stopped, the .Dv SIGHUP signal and the .Dv SIGCONT signal are sent to all members of the newly-orphaned process group. .It If the process is a controlling process (see .Xr intro 2 ) , the .Dv SIGHUP signal is sent to the foreground process group of the controlling terminal. All current access to the controlling terminal is revoked. .El .Pp Most C programs call the library routine .Xr exit 3 , which flushes buffers, closes streams, unlinks temporary files, etc., before calling .Fn _exit . .Sh RETURN VALUE .Fn _exit can never return. .Sh SEE ALSO .Xr fork 2 , .Xr sigaction 2 , .Xr wait 2 , .Xr exit 3 .Sh STANDARDS The .Nm _exit function is defined by .St -p1003.1-88 .