#
# GetoptLong for Ruby
#
# Copyright (C) 1998, 1999, 2000 Motoyuki Kasahara.
#
# You may redistribute and/or modify this library under the same license
# terms as Ruby.
#
# See GetoptLong for documentation.
#
# Additional documents and the latest version of `getoptlong.rb' can be
# found at http://www.sra.co.jp/people/m-kasahr/ruby/getoptlong/
# The GetoptLong class allows you to parse command line options similarly to
# the GNU getopt_long() C library call. Note, however, that GetoptLong is a
# pure Ruby implementation.
#
# GetoptLong allows for POSIX-style options like <tt>--file</tt> as well
# as single letter options like <tt>-f</tt>
#
# The empty option <tt>--</tt> (two minus symbols) is used to end option
# processing. This can be particularly important if options have optional
# arguments.
#
# Here is a simple example of usage:
#
# # == Synopsis
# #
# # hello: greets user, demonstrates command line parsing
# #
# # == Usage
# #
# # hello [OPTION] ... DIR
# #
# # -h, --help:
# # show help
# #
# # --repeat x, -n x:
# # repeat x times
# #
# # --name [name]:
# # greet user by name, if name not supplied default is John
# #
# # DIR: The directory in which to issue the greeting.
#
# require 'getoptlong'
# require 'rdoc/usage'
#
# opts = GetoptLong.new(
# [ '--help', '-h', GetoptLong::NO_ARGUMENT ],
# [ '--repeat', '-n', GetoptLong::REQUIRED_ARGUMENT ],
# [ '--name', GetoptLong::OPTIONAL_ARGUMENT ]
# )
#
# dir = nil
# name = nil
# repetitions = 1
# opts.each do |opt, arg|
# case opt
# when '--help'
# RDoc::usage
# when '--repeat'
# repetitions = arg.to_i
# when '--name'
# if arg == ''
# name = 'John'
# else
# name = arg
# end
# end
# end
#
# if ARGV.length != 1
# puts "Missing dir argument (try --help)"
# exit 0
# end
#
# dir = ARGV.shift
#
# Dir.chdir(dir)
# for i in (1..repetitions)
# print "Hello"
# if name
# print ", #{name}"
# end
# puts
# end
#
# Example command line:
#
# hello -n 6 --name -- /tmp
#
class GetoptLong
#
# Orderings.
#
ORDERINGS = [REQUIRE_ORDER = 0, PERMUTE = 1, RETURN_IN_ORDER = 2]
#
# Argument flags.
#
ARGUMENT_FLAGS = [NO_ARGUMENT = 0, REQUIRED_ARGUMENT = 1,
OPTIONAL_ARGUMENT = 2]
#
# Status codes.
#
STATUS_YET, STATUS_STARTED, STATUS_TERMINATED = 0, 1, 2
#
# Error types.
#
class Error < StandardError; end
class AmbigousOption < Error; end
class NeedlessArgument < Error; end
class MissingArgument < Error; end
class InvalidOption < Error; end
#
# Set up option processing.
#
# The options to support are passed to new() as an array of arrays.
# Each sub-array contains any number of String option names which carry
# the same meaning, and one of the following flags:
#
# GetoptLong::NO_ARGUMENT :: Option does not take an argument.
#
# GetoptLong::REQUIRED_ARGUMENT :: Option always takes an argument.
#
# GetoptLong::OPTIONAL_ARGUMENT :: Option may or may not take an argument.
#
# The first option name is considered to be the preferred (canonical) name.
# Other than that, the elements of each sub-array can be in any order.
#
def initialize(*arguments)
#
# Current ordering.
#
if ENV.include?('POSIXLY_CORRECT')
@ordering = REQUIRE_ORDER
else
@ordering = PERMUTE
end
#
# Hash table of option names.
# Keys of the table are option names, and their values are canonical
# names of the options.
#
@canonical_names = Hash.new
#
# Hash table of argument flags.
# Keys of the table are option names, and their values are argument
# flags of the options.
#
@argument_flags = Hash.new
#
# Whether error messages are output to $deferr.
#
@quiet = FALSE
#
# Status code.
#
@status = STATUS_YET
#
# Error code.
#
@error = nil
#
# Error message.
#
@error_message = nil
#
# Rest of catenated short options.
#
@rest_singles = ''
#
# List of non-option-arguments.
# Append them to ARGV when option processing is terminated.
#
@non_option_arguments = Array.new
if 0 < arguments.length
set_options(*arguments)
end
end
#
# Set the handling of the ordering of options and arguments.
# A RuntimeError is raised if option processing has already started.
#
# The supplied value must be a member of GetoptLong::ORDERINGS. It alters
# the processing of options as follows:
#
# <b>REQUIRE_ORDER</b> :
#
# Options are required to occur before non-options.
#
# Processing of options ends as soon as a word is encountered that has not
# been preceded by an appropriate option flag.
#
# For example, if -a and -b are options which do not take arguments,
# parsing command line arguments of '-a one -b two' would result in
# 'one', '-b', 'two' being left in ARGV, and only ('-a', '') being
# processed as an option/arg pair.
#
# This is the default ordering, if the environment variable
# POSIXLY_CORRECT is set. (This is for compatibility with GNU getopt_long.)
#
# <b>PERMUTE</b> :
#
# Options can occur anywhere in the command line parsed. This is the
# default behavior.
#
# Every sequence of words which can be interpreted as an option (with or
# without argument) is treated as an option; non-option words are skipped.
#
# For example, if -a does not require an argument and -b optionally takes
# an argument, parsing '-a one -b two three' would result in ('-a','') and
# ('-b', 'two') being processed as option/arg pairs, and 'one','three'
# being left in ARGV.
#
# If the ordering is set to PERMUTE but the environment variable
# POSIXLY_CORRECT is set, REQUIRE_ORDER is used instead. This is for
# compatibility with GNU getopt_long.
#
# <b>RETURN_IN_ORDER</b> :
#
# All words on the command line are processed as options. Words not
# preceded by a short or long option flag are passed as arguments
# with an option of '' (empty string).
#
# For example, if -a requires an argument but -b does not, a command line
# of '-a one -b two three' would result in option/arg pairs of ('-a', 'one')
# ('-b', ''), ('', 'two'), ('', 'three') being processed.
#
def ordering=(ordering)
#
# The method is failed if option processing has already started.
#
if @status != STATUS_YET
set_error(ArgumentError, "argument error")
raise RuntimeError,
"invoke ordering=, but option processing has already started"
end
#
# Check ordering.
#
if !ORDERINGS.include?(ordering)
raise ArgumentError, "invalid ordering `#{ordering}'"
end
if ordering == PERMUTE && ENV.include?('POSIXLY_CORRECT')
@ordering = REQUIRE_ORDER
else
@ordering = ordering
end
end
#
# Return ordering.
#
attr_reader :ordering
#
# Set options. Takes the same argument as GetoptLong.new.
#
# Raises a RuntimeError if option processing has already started.
#
def set_options(*arguments)
#
# The method is failed if option processing has already started.
#
if @status != STATUS_YET
raise RuntimeError,
"invoke set_options, but option processing has already started"
end
#
# Clear tables of option names and argument flags.
#
@canonical_names.clear
@argument_flags.clear
arguments.each do |arg|
#
# Each argument must be an Array.
#
if !arg.is_a?(Array)
raise ArgumentError, "the option list contains non-Array argument"
end
#
# Find an argument flag and it set to `argument_flag'.
#
argument_flag = nil
arg.each do |i|
if ARGUMENT_FLAGS.include?(i)
if argument_flag != nil
raise ArgumentError, "too many argument-flags"
end
argument_flag = i
end
end
raise ArgumentError, "no argument-flag" if argument_flag == nil
canonical_name = nil
arg.each do |i|
#
# Check an option name.
#
next if i == argument_flag
begin
if !i.is_a?(String) || i !~ /^-([^-]|-.+)$/
raise ArgumentError, "an invalid option `#{i}'"
end
if (@canonical_names.include?(i))
raise ArgumentError, "option redefined `#{i}'"
end
rescue
@canonical_names.clear
@argument_flags.clear
raise
end
#
# Register the option (`i') to the `@canonical_names' and
# `@canonical_names' Hashes.
#
if canonical_name == nil
canonical_name = i
end
@canonical_names[i] = canonical_name
@argument_flags[i] = argument_flag
end
raise ArgumentError, "no option name" if canonical_name == nil
end
return self
end
#
# Set/Unset `quiet' mode.
#
attr_writer :quiet
#
# Return the flag of `quiet' mode.
#
attr_reader :quiet
#
# `quiet?' is an alias of `quiet'.
#
alias quiet? quiet
#
# Explicitly terminate option processing.
#
def terminate
return nil if @status == STATUS_TERMINATED
raise RuntimeError, "an error has occured" if @error != nil
@status = STATUS_TERMINATED
@non_option_arguments.reverse_each do |argument|
ARGV.unshift(argument)
end
@canonical_names = nil
@argument_flags = nil
@rest_singles = nil
@non_option_arguments = nil
return self
end
#
# Returns true if option processing has terminated, false otherwise.
#
def terminated?
return @status == STATUS_TERMINATED
end
#
# Set an error (protected).
#
def set_error(type, message)
$deferr.print("#{$0}: #{message}\n") if !@quiet
@error = type
@error_message = message
@canonical_names = nil
@argument_flags = nil
@rest_singles = nil
@non_option_arguments = nil
raise type, message
end
protected :set_error
#
# Examine whether an option processing is failed.
#
attr_reader :error
#
# `error?' is an alias of `error'.
#
alias error? error
# Return the appropriate error message in POSIX-defined format.
# If no error has occurred, returns nil.
#
def error_message
return @error_message
end
#
# Get next option name and its argument, as an Array of two elements.
#
# The option name is always converted to the first (preferred)
# name given in the original options to GetoptLong.new.
#
# Example: ['--option', 'value']
#
# Returns nil if the processing is complete (as determined by
# STATUS_TERMINATED).
#
def get
option_name, option_argument = nil, ''
#
# Check status.
#
return nil if @error != nil
case @status
when STATUS_YET
@status = STATUS_STARTED
when STATUS_TERMINATED
return nil
end
#
# Get next option argument.
#
if 0 < @rest_singles.length
argument = '-' + @rest_singles
elsif (ARGV.length == 0)
terminate
return nil
elsif @ordering == PERMUTE
while 0 < ARGV.length && ARGV[0] !~ /^-./
@non_option_arguments.push(ARGV.shift)
end
if ARGV.length == 0
terminate
return nil
end
argument = ARGV.shift
elsif @ordering == REQUIRE_ORDER
if (ARGV[0] !~ /^-./)
terminate
return nil
end
argument = ARGV.shift
else
argument = ARGV.shift
end
#
# Check the special argument `--'.
# `--' indicates the end of the option list.
#
if argument == '--' && @rest_singles.length == 0
terminate
return nil
end
#
# Check for long and short options.
#
if argument =~ /^(--[^=]+)/ && @rest_singles.length == 0
#
# This is a long style option, which start with `--'.
#
pattern = $1
if @canonical_names.include?(pattern)
option_name = pattern
else
#
# The option `option_name' is not registered in `@canonical_names'.
# It may be an abbreviated.
#
match_count = 0
@canonical_names.each_key do |key|
if key.index(pattern) == 0
option_name = key
match_count += 1
end
end
if 2 <= match_count
set_error(AmbigousOption, "option `#{argument}' is ambiguous")
elsif match_count == 0
set_error(InvalidOption, "unrecognized option `#{argument}'")
end
end
#
# Check an argument to the option.
#
if @argument_flags[option_name] == REQUIRED_ARGUMENT
if argument =~ /=(.*)$/
option_argument = $1
elsif 0 < ARGV.length
option_argument = ARGV.shift
else
set_error(MissingArgument,
"option `#{argument}' requires an argument")
end
elsif @argument_flags[option_name] == OPTIONAL_ARGUMENT
if argument =~ /=(.*)$/
option_argument = $1
elsif 0 < ARGV.length && ARGV[0] !~ /^-./
option_argument = ARGV.shift
else
option_argument = ''
end
elsif argument =~ /=(.*)$/
set_error(NeedlessArgument,
"option `#{option_name}' doesn't allow an argument")
end
elsif argument =~ /^(-(.))(.*)/
#
# This is a short style option, which start with `-' (not `--').
# Short options may be catenated (e.g. `-l -g' is equivalent to
# `-lg').
#
option_name, ch, @rest_singles = $1, $2, $3
if @canonical_names.include?(option_name)
#
# The option `option_name' is found in `@canonical_names'.
# Check its argument.
#
if @argument_flags[option_name] == REQUIRED_ARGUMENT
if 0 < @rest_singles.length
option_argument = @rest_singles
@rest_singles = ''
elsif 0 < ARGV.length
option_argument = ARGV.shift
else
# 1003.2 specifies the format of this message.
set_error(MissingArgument, "option requires an argument -- #{ch}")
end
elsif @argument_flags[option_name] == OPTIONAL_ARGUMENT
if 0 < @rest_singles.length
option_argument = @rest_singles
@rest_singles = ''
elsif 0 < ARGV.length && ARGV[0] !~ /^-./
option_argument = ARGV.shift
else
option_argument = ''
end
end
else
#
# This is an invalid option.
# 1003.2 specifies the format of this message.
#
if ENV.include?('POSIXLY_CORRECT')
set_error(InvalidOption, "illegal option -- #{ch}")
else
set_error(InvalidOption, "invalid option -- #{ch}")
end
end
else
#
# This is a non-option argument.
# Only RETURN_IN_ORDER falled into here.
#
return '', argument
end
return @canonical_names[option_name], option_argument
end
#
# `get_option' is an alias of `get'.
#
alias get_option get
# Iterator version of `get'.
#
# The block is called repeatedly with two arguments:
# The first is the option name.
# The second is the argument which followed it (if any).
# Example: ('--opt', 'value')
#
# The option name is always converted to the first (preferred)
# name given in the original options to GetoptLong.new.
#
def each
loop do
option_name, option_argument = get_option
break if option_name == nil
yield option_name, option_argument
end
end
#
# `each_option' is an alias of `each'.
#
alias each_option each
end