<!doctype html public "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd"> <html> <head> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=us-ascii"> <title> Postfix manual - postfix(1) </title> </head> <body> <pre> POSTFIX(1) POSTFIX(1) <b>NAME</b> postfix - Postfix control program <b>SYNOPSIS</b> <b>postfix</b> [<b>-Dv</b>] [<b>-c</b> <i>config</i><b>_</b><i>dir</i>] <i>command</i> <b>DESCRIPTION</b> This command is reserved for the superuser. To submit mail, use the Postfix <a href="sendmail.1.html"><b>sendmail</b>(1)</a> command. The <a href="postfix.1.html"><b>postfix</b>(1)</a> command controls the operation of the Post- fix mail system: start or stop the <a href="master.8.html"><b>master</b>(8)</a> daemon, do a health check, and other maintenance. The <a href="postfix.1.html"><b>postfix</b>(1)</a> command sets up a standardized environment and runs the <b>postfix-script</b> shell script to do the actual work. The following commands are implemented: <b>check</b> Warn about bad directory/file ownership or permis- sions, and create missing directories. <b>start</b> Start the Postfix mail system. This also runs the configuration check described above. <b>stop</b> Stop the Postfix mail system in an orderly fashion. If possible, running processes are allowed to ter- minate at their earliest convenience. Note: in order to refresh the Postfix mail system after a configuration change, do not use the <b>start</b> and <b>stop</b> commands in succession. Use the <b>reload</b> command instead. <b>abort</b> Stop the Postfix mail system abruptly. Running pro- cesses are signaled to stop immediately. <b>flush</b> Force delivery: attempt to deliver every message in the deferred mail queue. Normally, attempts to deliver delayed mail happen at regular intervals, the interval doubling after each failed attempt. Warning: flushing undeliverable mail frequently will result in poor delivery performance of all other mail. <b>reload</b> Re-read configuration files. Running processes ter- minate at their earliest convenience. <b>status</b> Indicate if the Postfix mail system is currently running. <b>set-permissions [</b><i>name</i>=<i>value ...</i><b>]</b> Set the ownership and permissions of Postfix related files and directories, as specified in the <b>postfix-files</b> file. Specify <i>name</i>=<i>value</i> to override and update specific <a href="postconf.5.html">main.cf</a> configuration parameters. Use this, for example, to change the <b><a href="postconf.5.html#mail_owner">mail_owner</a></b> or <b><a href="postconf.5.html#setgid_group">setgid_group</a></b> setting for an already installed Postfix system. This feature is available in Postfix 2.1 and later. With Postfix 2.0 and earlier, use "<b>/etc/post-</b> <b>fix/post-install set-permissions</b>". <b>upgrade-configuration [</b><i>name</i>=<i>value ...</i><b>]</b> Update the <a href="postconf.5.html"><b>main.cf</b></a> and <a href="master.5.html"><b>master.cf</b></a> files with infor- mation that Postfix needs in order to run: add or update services, and add or update configuration parameter settings. Specify <i>name</i>=<i>value</i> to override and update specific <a href="postconf.5.html">main.cf</a> configuration parameters. This feature is available in Postfix 2.1 and later. With Postfix 2.0 and earlier, use "<b>/etc/post-</b> <b>fix/post-install upgrade-configuration</b>". The following options are implemented: <b>-c</b> <i>config</i><b>_</b><i>dir</i> Read the <a href="postconf.5.html"><b>main.cf</b></a> and <a href="master.5.html"><b>master.cf</b></a> configuration files in the named directory instead of the default con- figuration directory. Use this to distinguish between multiple Postfix instances on the same host. <b>-D</b> (with <b>postfix start</b> only) Run each Postfix daemon under control of a debugger as specified via the <b><a href="postconf.5.html#debugger_command">debugger_command</a></b> configuration parameter. <b>-v</b> Enable verbose logging for debugging purposes. Mul- tiple <b>-v</b> options make the software increasingly verbose. <b>ENVIRONMENT</b> The <a href="postfix.1.html"><b>postfix</b>(1)</a> command exports the following environment variables before executing the <b>postfix-script</b> file: <b>MAIL_CONFIG</b> This is set when the -c command-line option is present. <b>MAIL_VERBOSE</b> This is set when the -v command-line option is present. <b>MAIL_DEBUG</b> This is set when the -D command-line option is present. <b>CONFIGURATION PARAMETERS</b> The following <a href="postconf.5.html"><b>main.cf</b></a> configuration parameters are exported as environment variables with the same names: <b><a href="postconf.5.html#command_directory">command_directory</a> (see 'postconf -d' output)</b> The location of all postfix administrative com- mands. <b><a href="postconf.5.html#daemon_directory">daemon_directory</a> (see 'postconf -d' output)</b> The directory with Postfix support programs and daemon programs. <b><a href="postconf.5.html#config_directory">config_directory</a> (see 'postconf -d' output)</b> The default location of the Postfix <a href="postconf.5.html">main.cf</a> and <a href="master.5.html">master.cf</a> configuration files. <b><a href="postconf.5.html#queue_directory">queue_directory</a> (see 'postconf -d' output)</b> The location of the Postfix top-level queue direc- tory. <b><a href="postconf.5.html#mail_owner">mail_owner</a> (postfix)</b> The UNIX system account that owns the Postfix queue and most Postfix daemon processes. <b><a href="postconf.5.html#setgid_group">setgid_group</a> (postdrop)</b> The group ownership of set-gid Postfix commands and of group-writable Postfix directories. <b><a href="postconf.5.html#sendmail_path">sendmail_path</a> (see 'postconf -d' output)</b> A Sendmail compatibility feature that specifies the location of the Postfix <a href="sendmail.1.html"><b>sendmail</b>(1)</a> command. <b><a href="postconf.5.html#newaliases_path">newaliases_path</a> (see 'postconf -d' output)</b> Sendmail compatibility feature that specifies the location of the <a href="newaliases.1.html"><b>newaliases</b>(1)</a> command. <b><a href="postconf.5.html#mailq_path">mailq_path</a> (see 'postconf -d' output)</b> Sendmail compatibility feature that specifies where the Postfix <a href="mailq.1.html"><b>mailq</b>(1)</a> command is installed. <b><a href="postconf.5.html#html_directory">html_directory</a> (see 'postconf -d' output)</b> The location of Postfix HTML files that describe how to build, configure or operate a specific Post- fix subsystem or feature. <b><a href="postconf.5.html#manpage_directory">manpage_directory</a> (see 'postconf -d' output)</b> Where the Postfix manual pages are installed. <b><a href="postconf.5.html#readme_directory">readme_directory</a> (see 'postconf -d' output)</b> The location of Postfix README files that describe how to build, configure or operate a specific Post- fix subsystem or feature. Available in Postfix version 2.5 and later: <b><a href="postconf.5.html#data_directory">data_directory</a> (see 'postconf -d' output)</b> The directory with Postfix-writable data files (for example: caches, pseudo-random numbers). Other configuration parameters: <b><a href="postconf.5.html#config_directory">config_directory</a> (see 'postconf -d' output)</b> The default location of the Postfix <a href="postconf.5.html">main.cf</a> and <a href="master.5.html">master.cf</a> configuration files. <b><a href="postconf.5.html#import_environment">import_environment</a> (see 'postconf -d' output)</b> The list of environment parameters that a Postfix process will import from a non-Postfix parent process. <b><a href="postconf.5.html#syslog_facility">syslog_facility</a> (mail)</b> The syslog facility of Postfix logging. <b><a href="postconf.5.html#syslog_name">syslog_name</a> (postfix)</b> The mail system name that is prepended to the process name in syslog records, so that "smtpd" becomes, for example, "postfix/smtpd". <b>FILES</b> /etc/postfix/<a href="postconf.5.html">main.cf</a>, Postfix configuration parameters /etc/postfix/<a href="master.5.html">master.cf</a>, Postfix daemon processes /etc/postfix/postfix-files, file/directory permissions /etc/postfix/postfix-script, administrative commands /etc/postfix/post-install, post-installation configuration <b>SEE ALSO</b> Commands: <a href="postalias.1.html">postalias(1)</a>, create/update/query alias database <a href="postcat.1.html">postcat(1)</a>, examine Postfix queue file <a href="postconf.1.html">postconf(1)</a>, Postfix configuration utility <a href="postfix.1.html">postfix(1)</a>, Postfix control program <a href="postkick.1.html">postkick(1)</a>, trigger Postfix daemon <a href="postlock.1.html">postlock(1)</a>, Postfix-compatible locking <a href="postlog.1.html">postlog(1)</a>, Postfix-compatible logging <a href="postmap.1.html">postmap(1)</a>, Postfix lookup table manager <a href="postqueue.1.html">postqueue(1)</a>, Postfix mail queue control <a href="postsuper.1.html">postsuper(1)</a>, Postfix housekeeping <a href="mailq.1.html">mailq(1)</a>, Sendmail compatibility interface <a href="newaliases.1.html">newaliases(1)</a>, Sendmail compatibility interface <a href="sendmail.1.html">sendmail(1)</a>, Sendmail compatibility interface Postfix configuration: <a href="bounce.5.html">bounce(5)</a>, Postfix bounce message templates <a href="master.5.html">master(5)</a>, Postfix <a href="master.5.html">master.cf</a> file syntax <a href="postconf.5.html">postconf(5)</a>, Postfix <a href="postconf.5.html">main.cf</a> file syntax Table-driven mechanisms: <a href="access.5.html">access(5)</a>, Postfix SMTP access control table <a href="aliases.5.html">aliases(5)</a>, Postfix alias database <a href="canonical.5.html">canonical(5)</a>, Postfix input address rewriting <a href="generic.5.html">generic(5)</a>, Postfix output address rewriting <a href="header_checks.5.html">header_checks(5)</a>, <a href="header_checks.5.html">body_checks(5)</a>, Postfix content inspection <a href="relocated.5.html">relocated(5)</a>, Users that have moved <a href="transport.5.html">transport(5)</a>, Postfix routing table <a href="virtual.5.html">virtual(5)</a>, Postfix virtual aliasing Table lookup mechanisms: <a href="cidr_table.5.html">cidr_table(5)</a>, Associate CIDR pattern with value <a href="ldap_table.5.html">ldap_table(5)</a>, Postfix LDAP client <a href="mysql_table.5.html">mysql_table(5)</a>, Postfix MYSQL client <a href="nisplus_table.5.html">nisplus_table(5)</a>, Postfix NIS+ client <a href="pcre_table.5.html">pcre_table(5)</a>, Associate PCRE pattern with value <a href="pgsql_table.5.html">pgsql_table(5)</a>, Postfix PostgreSQL client <a href="regexp_table.5.html">regexp_table(5)</a>, Associate POSIX regexp pattern with value <a href="tcp_table.5.html">tcp_table(5)</a>, Postfix client-server table lookup Daemon processes: <a href="anvil.8.html">anvil(8)</a>, Postfix connection/rate limiting <a href="bounce.8.html">bounce(8)</a>, <a href="defer.8.html">defer(8)</a>, <a href="trace.8.html">trace(8)</a>, Delivery status reports <a href="cleanup.8.html">cleanup(8)</a>, canonicalize and enqueue message <a href="discard.8.html">discard(8)</a>, Postfix discard delivery agent <a href="error.8.html">error(8)</a>, Postfix error delivery agent <a href="flush.8.html">flush(8)</a>, Postfix fast ETRN service <a href="local.8.html">local(8)</a>, Postfix local delivery agent <a href="master.8.html">master(8)</a>, Postfix master daemon <a href="qmgr.8.html">oqmgr(8)</a>, old Postfix queue manager <a href="pickup.8.html">pickup(8)</a>, Postfix local mail pickup <a href="pipe.8.html">pipe(8)</a>, deliver mail to non-Postfix command <a href="proxymap.8.html">proxymap(8)</a>, Postfix lookup table proxy server <a href="qmgr.8.html">qmgr(8)</a>, Postfix queue manager <a href="qmqpd.8.html">qmqpd(8)</a>, Postfix QMQP server <a href="scache.8.html">scache(8)</a>, Postfix connection cache manager <a href="showq.8.html">showq(8)</a>, list Postfix mail queue <a href="smtp.8.html">smtp(8)</a>, <a href="lmtp.8.html">lmtp(8)</a>, Postfix SMTP+LMTP client <a href="smtpd.8.html">smtpd(8)</a>, Postfix SMTP server <a href="spawn.8.html">spawn(8)</a>, run non-Postfix server <a href="tlsmgr.8.html">tlsmgr(8)</a>, Postfix TLS cache and randomness manager <a href="trivial-rewrite.8.html">trivial-rewrite(8)</a>, Postfix address rewriting <a href="verify.8.html">verify(8)</a>, Postfix address verification <a href="virtual.8.html">virtual(8)</a>, Postfix virtual delivery agent Other: syslogd(8), system logging <b>README FILES</b> <a href="OVERVIEW.html">OVERVIEW</a>, overview of Postfix commands and processes <a href="BASIC_CONFIGURATION_README.html">BASIC_CONFIGURATION_README</a>, Postfix basic configuration <a href="ADDRESS_REWRITING_README.html">ADDRESS_REWRITING_README</a>, Postfix address rewriting <a href="SMTPD_ACCESS_README.html">SMTPD_ACCESS_README</a>, SMTP relay/access control <a href="CONTENT_INSPECTION_README.html">CONTENT_INSPECTION_README</a>, Postfix content inspection <a href="QSHAPE_README.html">QSHAPE_README</a>, Postfix queue analysis <b>LICENSE</b> The Secure Mailer license must be distributed with this software. <b>AUTHOR(S)</b> Wietse Venema IBM T.J. Watson Research P.O. Box 704 Yorktown Heights, NY 10598, USA TLS support by: Lutz Jaenicke Brandenburg University of Technology Cottbus, Germany Victor Duchovni Morgan Stanley SASL support originally by: Till Franke SuSE Rhein/Main AG 65760 Eschborn, Germany LMTP support originally by: Philip A. Prindeville Mirapoint, Inc. USA. Amos Gouaux University of Texas at Dallas P.O. Box 830688, MC34 Richardson, TX 75083, USA IPv6 support originally by: Mark Huizer, Eindhoven University, The Netherlands Jun-ichiro 'itojun' Hagino, KAME project, Japan The Linux PLD project Dean Strik, Eindhoven University, The Netherlands POSTFIX(1) </pre> </body> </html>