Copyright (C) 2006, 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc. See end for license conditions. Contributing to Emacs Emacs is a collaborative project and we encourage contributions from anyone and everyone. If you want to contribute in the way that will help us most, we recommend (1) fixing reported bugs and (2) implementing the feature ideas in etc/TODO. However, if you think of new features to add, please suggest them too -- we might like your idea. Porting to new platforms is also useful, when there is a new platform, but that is not common nowadays. For documentation on how to develop Emacs changes, refer to the Emacs Manual and the Emacs Lisp Reference Manual (both included in the Emacs distribution). The web pages in http://www.gnu.org/software/emacs contain additional information. You may also want to submit your change so that can be considered for inclusion in a future version of Emacs (see below). If you don't feel up to hacking Emacs, there are many other ways to help. You can answer questions on the mailing lists, write documentation, find and report bugs, contribute to the Emacs web pages, or develop a package that works with Emacs. Here are some style and legal conventions for contributors to Emacs: * Coding Standards Contributed code should follow the GNU Coding Standard. If it doesn't, we'll need to find someone to fix the code before we can use it. Emacs has certain additional style and coding conventions. Ref: http://www.gnu.org/prep/standards_toc.html Ref: GNU Coding Standards Info Manual Ref: The "Tips" Appendix in the Emacs Lisp Reference. * Copyright Assignment We can accept small changes without legal papers, and for medium-size changes a copyright disclaimer is ok too. To accept substantial contributions from you, we need a copyright assignment form filled out and filed with the FSF. Contact us at emacs-devel@gnu.org to obtain the relevant forms. * Getting the Source Code The latest version of Emacs can be downloaded using CVS or Arch from the Savannah web site. It is important to write your patch based on this version; if you start from an older version, your patch may be outdated when you write it, and maintainers will have hard time applying it. After you have downloaded the CVS source, you should read the file INSTALL.CVS for build instructions (they differ to some extent from a normal build). Ref: http://savannah.gnu.org/projects/emacs * Submitting Patches Every patch must have several pieces of information before we can properly evaluate it. When you have all these pieces, bundle them up in a mail message and send it to emacs-pretest-bug@gnu.org or emacs-devel@gnu.org. All subsequent discussion should also be sent to the mailing list. ** Description For bug fixes, a description of the bug and how your patch fixes this bug. For new features, a description of the feature and your implementation. ** ChangeLog A ChangeLog entry as plaintext (separate from the patch). See the various ChangeLog files for format and content. Note that, unlike some other projects, we do require ChangeLogs also for documentation, i.e. Texinfo files. Ref: "Change Log Concepts" node of the GNU Coding Standards Info Manual, for how to write good log entries. ** The patch itself. Please use "Context Diff" format. If you are accessing the CVS repository use cvs update; cvs diff -cp else, use diff -cp OLD NEW If your version of diff does not support these options, then get the latest version of GNU Diff. ** Mail format. We prefer to get the patches as inline plain text. Please be aware of line wrapping which will make the patch unreadable and useless for us. To avoid that, you can use MIME attachments or, as a last resort, uuencoded gzipped text. ** Please reread your patch before submitting it. ** Do not mix changes. If you send several unrelated changes together, we will ask you to separate them so we can consider each of the changes by itself. * Coding style and conventions. ** Mandatory reading: The "Tips and Conventions" Appendix of the Emacs Lisp Reference. ** Avoid using `defadvice' or `eval-after-load' for Lisp code to be included in Emacs. ** Remove all trailing whitespace in all source and text files. ** Use ?\s instead of ? in Lisp code for a space character. * Supplemental information for Emacs Developers. ** Write access to Emacs' CVS repository. Once you become a frequent contributor to Emacs, we can consider giving you write access to the CVS repository. ** Emacs Mailing lists. Discussion about Emacs development takes place on emacs-devel@gnu.org. Bug reports for released versions are sent to bug-gnu-emacs@gnu.org. Bug reports for development versions are sent to emacs-pretest-bug@gnu.org. You can subscribe to the mailing lists at savannah.gnu.org/projects/emacs. You can find the mailing lists archives at lists.gnu.org or gmane.org. ** Document your changes. Think carefully about whether your change requires updating the documentation. If it does, you can either do this yourself or add an item to the NEWS file. If you document your change in NEWS, please mark the NEWS entry with the documentation status of the change: if you submit the changes for the manuals, mark it with "+++"; if it doesn't need to be documented, mark it with "---"; if it needs to be documented, but you didn't submit documentation changes, leave the NEWS entry unmarked. (These marks are checked by the Emacs maintainers to make sure every change was reflected in the manuals.) ** Understanding Emacs Internals. The best way to understand Emacs Internals is to read the code, but the nodes "Tips" and "GNU Emacs Internals" in the Appendix of the Emacs Lisp Reference Manual may also help. The file etc/DEBUG describes how to debug Emacs bugs. * How to Maintain Copyright Years for GNU Emacs See admin/notes/copyright. ** Our lawyer says it is ok if we add, to each file that has been in Emacs since Emacs 21 came out in 2001, all the subsequent years. We don't need to check whether *that file* was changed in those years. It's sufficient that *Emacs* was changed in those years (and it was!). ** For those files that have been added since then, we should add the year it was added to Emacs, and all subsequent years. ** For the refcards under etc/, it's ok to simply use the latest year (typically in a `\def\year{YEAR}' expression) for the rendered copyright notice, while maintaining the full list of years in the copyright notice in the comments. This file is part of GNU Emacs. GNU Emacs is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2, or (at your option) any later version. GNU Emacs is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License for more details. You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with GNU Emacs; see the file COPYING. If not, write to the Free Software Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301, USA. Local variables: mode: outline paragraph-separate: "[ ]*$" end: