<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd"> <html> <!-- SECTION: Programming --> <head> <title>Introduction to CUPS Programming </title> <meta name="keywords" content="Programming"> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html;charset=utf-8"> <meta name="creator" content="Mini-XML v2.7"> <style type="text/css"><!-- BODY { font-family: lucida grande, geneva, helvetica, arial, sans-serif; } H1, H2, H3, H4, H5, H6, P, TD, TH { font-family: lucida grande, geneva, helvetica, arial, sans-serif; } KBD { font-family: monaco, courier, monospace; font-weight: bold; } PRE { font-family: monaco, courier, monospace; } PRE.command { border: dotted thin #7f7f7f; margin-left: 36pt; padding: 10px; } P.compact { margin: 0; } P.example { font-style: italic; margin-left: 36pt; } PRE.example { background: #eeeeee; border: dotted thin #999999; margin-left: 36pt; padding: 10pt; } PRE.command EM, PRE.example EM { font-family: lucida grande, geneva, helvetica, arial, sans-serif; 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} div.contents ul.subcontents li { margin-left: 1em; text-indent: -1em; } --></style> </head> <body> <div class='body'> <!-- "$Id$" Introduction to CUPS programming header for CUPS. Copyright 2008-2011 by Apple Inc. These coded instructions, statements, and computer programs are the property of Apple Inc. and are protected by Federal copyright law. Distribution and use rights are outlined in the file "LICENSE.txt" which should have been included with this file. If this file is file is missing or damaged, see the license at "http://www.cups.org/". --> <h1 class='title'>Introduction to CUPS Programming</h1> <div class='summary'><table summary='General Information'> <thead> <tr> <th>Headers</th> <th>cups/cups.h<br> cups/array.h<br> cups/backend.h<br> cups/dir.h<br> cups/file.h<br> cups/ppd.h<br> cups/raster.h<br> cups/sidechannel.h</th> </tr> </thead> <tbody> <tr> <th>Libraries</th> <td>-lcups<br> -lcupsimage</td> </tr> <tr> <th>See Also</th> <td>Programming: <a href='raster-driver.html' target='_top'>Developing Raster Printer Drivers</a><br> Programming: <a href='postscript-driver.html' target='_top'>Developing PostScript Printer Drivers</a><br> Programming: <a href='api-filter.html' target='_top'>Filter and Backend Programming</a><br> Programming: <a href='ppd-compiler.html' target='_top'>Introduction to the PPD Compiler</a><br> Programming: <a href='api-array.html' target='_top'>Array API</a><br> Programming: <a href='api-cups.html' target='_top'>CUPS API</a><br> Programming: <a href='api-filedir.html' target='_top'>File and Directory APIs</a><br> Programming: <a href='api-httpipp.html' target='_top'>HTTP and IPP APIs</a><br> Programming: <a href='api-ppd.html' target='_top'>PPD API</a><br> Programming: <a href='api-raster.html' target='_top'>Raster API</a><br> References: <a href='ref-ppdcfile.html' target='_top'>PPD Compiler Driver Information File Reference</a><br> Specifications: <a href='spec-ppd.html' target='_top'>CUPS PPD Extensions</a></td> </tr> </tbody> </table></div> <h2 class="title">Contents</h2> <ul class="contents"> <li><a href="#OVERVIEW">Overview</a></li> <li><a href="#COMPILING">Compiling Programs</a><ul class="subcontents"> <li><a href="#XCODE">Compiling with Xcode</a></li> <li><a href="#COMMANDLINE">Compiling with GCC</a></li> </ul></li> <li><a href="#WHERETOGO">Where to Go Next</a></li> </ul> <!-- "$Id$" Introduction to CUPS programming content for CUPS. Copyright 2008-2011 by Apple Inc. These coded instructions, statements, and computer programs are the property of Apple Inc. and are protected by Federal copyright law. Distribution and use rights are outlined in the file "LICENSE.txt" which should have been included with this file. If this file is file is missing or damaged, see the license at "http://www.cups.org/". --> <h2 class="title"><a name="OVERVIEW">Overview</a></h2> <p>CUPS provides two libraries that interface with the different parts of the printing system. The "cups" library provides all of the common application and filter functions while the "cupsimage" library provides all of the imaging functions used in raster printer drivers. The "cups" library functions are accessed by including the <var><cups/cups.h></var> header, while "cupsimage" functions are found in the <var><cups/raster.h></var> header.</p> <h2 class="title"><a name="COMPILING">Compiling Programs</a></h2> <p>The CUPS libraries can be used from any C, C++, or Objective C program. The method of compiling against the libraries varies depending on the operating system and installation of CUPS. The following sections show how to compile a simple program (shown below) in two common environments.</p> <p>The following simple program lists the available printers on the system:</p> <pre class="example"> #include <stdio.h> #include <cups/cups.h> int main(void) { int i; cups_dest_t *dests, *dest; int num_dests = cupsGetDests(&dests); for (i = num_dests, dest = dests; i > 0; i --, dest ++) { if (dest->instance) printf("%s/%s\n", dest->name, dest->instance); else puts(dest->name); } return (0); } </pre> <h3><a name="XCODE">Compiling with Xcode</a></h3> <p>In Xcode, choose <var>New Project...</var> from the <var>File</var> menu, then select the <var>Standard Tool</var> project type under <var>Command Line Utility</var>. Click <var>Next</var> and choose a project directory. Click <var>Next</var> to create the project.</p> <p>In the project window, double-click on the <var>Targets</var> group and control-click on the simple target to show the context menu. Choose <var>Existing Framework...</var> from the <var>Add</var> submenu. When the file chooser sheet appears, press the <kbd>/</kbd> key and enter "/usr/lib". Scroll down the file list and select the <var>libcups.dylib</var> file. Click the <var>Add</var> button in the file chooser and attributes sheets.</p> <p>In the project window, double-click on the <var>main.c</var> source file. Replace the template source code with the listing above and save it. Click the <var>Build and Go</var> button to build the sample program and run it.</p> <h3><a name="COMMANDLINE">Compiling with GCC</a></h3> <p>From the command-line, create a file called <var>sample.c</var> using your favorite editor and then run the following command to compile it with GCC and run it:</p> <pre class="command"> gcc -o simple `cups-config --cflags` simple.c `cups-config --libs` ./simple </pre> <p>The <code>cups-config</code> command provides the compiler flags ("cups-config --cflags") and libraries ("cups-config --libs") needed for the local system.</p> <h2 class="title"><a name="WHERETOGO">Where to Go Next</a></h2> <p>If you are developing a print filter, driver, or backend, see the <a href="api-filter.html" target="_top">Filter and Backend Programming</a> guide. Raster printer driver developers should also read the <a href="api-raster.html" target="_top">Raster API</a> reference.</p> </div> </body> </html>