X86DisassemblerTables.cpp   [plain text]

//===- X86DisassemblerTables.cpp - Disassembler tables ----------*- C++ -*-===//
//
//                     The LLVM Compiler Infrastructure
//
// This file is distributed under the University of Illinois Open Source
// License. See LICENSE.TXT for details.
//
//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
//
// This file is part of the X86 Disassembler Emitter.
// It contains the implementation of the disassembler tables.
// Documentation for the disassembler emitter in general can be found in
//  X86DisasemblerEmitter.h.
//
//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//

#include "X86DisassemblerShared.h"
#include "X86DisassemblerTables.h"

#include "TableGenBackend.h"
#include "llvm/ADT/STLExtras.h"
#include "llvm/Support/ErrorHandling.h"
#include "llvm/Support/Format.h"

using namespace llvm;
using namespace X86Disassembler;
  
/// inheritsFrom - Indicates whether all instructions in one class also belong
///   to another class.
///
/// @param child  - The class that may be the subset
/// @param parent - The class that may be the superset
/// @return       - True if child is a subset of parent, false otherwise.
static inline bool inheritsFrom(InstructionContext child,
                                InstructionContext parent) {
  if (child == parent)
    return true;
  
  switch (parent) {
  case IC:
    return true;
  case IC_64BIT:
    return(inheritsFrom(child, IC_64BIT_REXW)   ||
           inheritsFrom(child, IC_64BIT_OPSIZE) ||
           inheritsFrom(child, IC_64BIT_XD)     ||
           inheritsFrom(child, IC_64BIT_XS));
  case IC_OPSIZE:
    return(inheritsFrom(child, IC_64BIT_OPSIZE));
  case IC_XD:
    return(inheritsFrom(child, IC_64BIT_XD) ||
           inheritsFrom(child, IC_VEX_XD));
  case IC_XS:
    return(inheritsFrom(child, IC_64BIT_XS) ||
           inheritsFrom(child, IC_VEX_XS));
  case IC_64BIT_REXW:
    return(inheritsFrom(child, IC_64BIT_REXW_XS) ||
           inheritsFrom(child, IC_64BIT_REXW_XD) ||
           inheritsFrom(child, IC_64BIT_REXW_OPSIZE));
  case IC_64BIT_OPSIZE:
    return(inheritsFrom(child, IC_64BIT_REXW_OPSIZE));
  case IC_64BIT_XD:
    return(inheritsFrom(child, IC_64BIT_REXW_XD));
  case IC_64BIT_XS:
    return(inheritsFrom(child, IC_64BIT_REXW_XS));
  case IC_64BIT_REXW_XD:
    return false;
  case IC_64BIT_REXW_XS:
    return false;
  case IC_64BIT_REXW_OPSIZE:
    return false;
  case IC_VEX:
    return(inheritsFrom(child, IC_VEX_XS) ||
           inheritsFrom(child, IC_VEX_XD) ||
           inheritsFrom(child, IC_VEX_L) ||
           inheritsFrom(child, IC_VEX_W) ||
           inheritsFrom(child, IC_VEX_OPSIZE));
  case IC_VEX_XS:
    return(inheritsFrom(child, IC_VEX_L_XS) ||
           inheritsFrom(child, IC_VEX_W_XS));
  case IC_VEX_XD:
    return(inheritsFrom(child, IC_VEX_L_XD) ||
           inheritsFrom(child, IC_VEX_W_XD));
  case IC_VEX_L:
    return(inheritsFrom(child, IC_VEX_L_XS) ||
           inheritsFrom(child, IC_VEX_L_XD));
  case IC_VEX_L_XS:
    return false;
  case IC_VEX_L_XD:
    return false;
  case IC_VEX_W:
    return(inheritsFrom(child, IC_VEX_W_XS) ||
           inheritsFrom(child, IC_VEX_W_XD) ||
           inheritsFrom(child, IC_VEX_W_OPSIZE));
  case IC_VEX_W_XS:
    return false;
  case IC_VEX_W_XD:
    return false;
  case IC_VEX_OPSIZE:
    return inheritsFrom(child, IC_VEX_W_OPSIZE);
  default:
    return false;
  }
}

/// outranks - Indicates whether, if an instruction has two different applicable
///   classes, which class should be preferred when performing decode.  This
///   imposes a total ordering (ties are resolved toward "lower")
///
/// @param upper  - The class that may be preferable
/// @param lower  - The class that may be less preferable
/// @return       - True if upper is to be preferred, false otherwise.
static inline bool outranks(InstructionContext upper, 
                            InstructionContext lower) {
  assert(upper < IC_max);
  assert(lower < IC_max);
  
#define ENUM_ENTRY(n, r, d) r,
  static int ranks[IC_max] = {
    INSTRUCTION_CONTEXTS
  };
#undef ENUM_ENTRY
  
  return (ranks[upper] > ranks[lower]);
}

/// stringForContext - Returns a string containing the name of a particular
///   InstructionContext, usually for diagnostic purposes.
///
/// @param insnContext  - The instruction class to transform to a string.
/// @return           - A statically-allocated string constant that contains the
///                     name of the instruction class.
static inline const char* stringForContext(InstructionContext insnContext) {
  switch (insnContext) {
  default:
    llvm_unreachable("Unhandled instruction class");
#define ENUM_ENTRY(n, r, d)   case n: return #n; break;
  INSTRUCTION_CONTEXTS
#undef ENUM_ENTRY
  }

  return 0;
}

/// stringForOperandType - Like stringForContext, but for OperandTypes.
static inline const char* stringForOperandType(OperandType type) {
  switch (type) {
  default:
    llvm_unreachable("Unhandled type");
#define ENUM_ENTRY(i, d) case i: return #i;
  TYPES
#undef ENUM_ENTRY
  }
}

/// stringForOperandEncoding - like stringForContext, but for
///   OperandEncodings.
static inline const char* stringForOperandEncoding(OperandEncoding encoding) {
  switch (encoding) {
  default:
    llvm_unreachable("Unhandled encoding");
#define ENUM_ENTRY(i, d) case i: return #i;
  ENCODINGS
#undef ENUM_ENTRY
  }
}

void DisassemblerTables::emitOneID(raw_ostream &o,
                                   uint32_t &i,
                                   InstrUID id,
                                   bool addComma) const {
  if (id)
    o.indent(i * 2) << format("0x%hx", id);
  else
    o.indent(i * 2) << 0;
  
  if (addComma)
    o << ", ";
  else
    o << "  ";
  
  o << "/* ";
  o << InstructionSpecifiers[id].name;
  o << "*/";
  
  o << "\n";
}

/// emitEmptyTable - Emits the modRMEmptyTable, which is used as a ID table by
///   all ModR/M decisions for instructions that are invalid for all possible
///   ModR/M byte values.
///
/// @param o        - The output stream on which to emit the table.
/// @param i        - The indentation level for that output stream.
static void emitEmptyTable(raw_ostream &o, uint32_t &i)
{
  o.indent(i * 2) << "static const InstrUID modRMEmptyTable[1] = { 0 };\n";
  o << "\n";
}

/// getDecisionType - Determines whether a ModRM decision with 255 entries can
///   be compacted by eliminating redundant information.
///
/// @param decision - The decision to be compacted.
/// @return         - The compactest available representation for the decision.
static ModRMDecisionType getDecisionType(ModRMDecision &decision)
{
  bool satisfiesOneEntry = true;
  bool satisfiesSplitRM = true;
  
  uint16_t index;
  
  for (index = 0; index < 256; ++index) {
    if (decision.instructionIDs[index] != decision.instructionIDs[0])
      satisfiesOneEntry = false;
    
    if (((index & 0xc0) == 0xc0) &&
       (decision.instructionIDs[index] != decision.instructionIDs[0xc0]))
      satisfiesSplitRM = false;
    
    if (((index & 0xc0) != 0xc0) &&
       (decision.instructionIDs[index] != decision.instructionIDs[0x00]))
      satisfiesSplitRM = false;
  }
  
  if (satisfiesOneEntry)
    return MODRM_ONEENTRY;
  
  if (satisfiesSplitRM)
    return MODRM_SPLITRM;
  
  return MODRM_FULL;
}

/// stringForDecisionType - Returns a statically-allocated string corresponding
///   to a particular decision type.
///
/// @param dt - The decision type.
/// @return   - A pointer to the statically-allocated string (e.g., 
///             "MODRM_ONEENTRY" for MODRM_ONEENTRY).
static const char* stringForDecisionType(ModRMDecisionType dt)
{
#define ENUM_ENTRY(n) case n: return #n;
  switch (dt) {
    default:
      llvm_unreachable("Unknown decision type");  
    MODRMTYPES
  };  
#undef ENUM_ENTRY
}
  
/// stringForModifierType - Returns a statically-allocated string corresponding
///   to an opcode modifier type.
///
/// @param mt - The modifier type.
/// @return   - A pointer to the statically-allocated string (e.g.,
///             "MODIFIER_NONE" for MODIFIER_NONE).
static const char* stringForModifierType(ModifierType mt)
{
#define ENUM_ENTRY(n) case n: return #n;
  switch(mt) {
    default:
      llvm_unreachable("Unknown modifier type");
    MODIFIER_TYPES
  };
#undef ENUM_ENTRY
}
  
DisassemblerTables::DisassemblerTables() {
  unsigned i;
  
  for (i = 0; i < array_lengthof(Tables); i++) {
    Tables[i] = new ContextDecision;
    memset(Tables[i], 0, sizeof(ContextDecision));
  }
  
  HasConflicts = false;
}
  
DisassemblerTables::~DisassemblerTables() {
  unsigned i;
  
  for (i = 0; i < array_lengthof(Tables); i++)
    delete Tables[i];
}
  
void DisassemblerTables::emitModRMDecision(raw_ostream &o1,
                                           raw_ostream &o2,
                                           uint32_t &i1,
                                           uint32_t &i2,
                                           ModRMDecision &decision)
  const {
  static uint64_t sTableNumber = 0;
  uint64_t thisTableNumber = sTableNumber;
  ModRMDecisionType dt = getDecisionType(decision);
  uint16_t index;
  
  if (dt == MODRM_ONEENTRY && decision.instructionIDs[0] == 0)
  {
    o2.indent(i2) << "{ /* ModRMDecision */" << "\n";
    i2++;
    
    o2.indent(i2) << stringForDecisionType(dt) << "," << "\n";
    o2.indent(i2) << "modRMEmptyTable";
    
    i2--;
    o2.indent(i2) << "}";
    return;
  }
    
  o1.indent(i1) << "static const InstrUID modRMTable" << thisTableNumber;
    
  switch (dt) {
    default:
      llvm_unreachable("Unknown decision type");
    case MODRM_ONEENTRY:
      o1 << "[1]";
      break;
    case MODRM_SPLITRM:
      o1 << "[2]";
      break;
    case MODRM_FULL:
      o1 << "[256]";
      break;      
  }

  o1 << " = {" << "\n";
  i1++;
    
  switch (dt) {
    default:
      llvm_unreachable("Unknown decision type");
    case MODRM_ONEENTRY:
      emitOneID(o1, i1, decision.instructionIDs[0], false);
      break;
    case MODRM_SPLITRM:
      emitOneID(o1, i1, decision.instructionIDs[0x00], true); // mod = 0b00
      emitOneID(o1, i1, decision.instructionIDs[0xc0], false); // mod = 0b11
      break;
    case MODRM_FULL:
      for (index = 0; index < 256; ++index)
        emitOneID(o1, i1, decision.instructionIDs[index], index < 255);
      break;
  }
    
  i1--;
  o1.indent(i1) << "};" << "\n";
  o1 << "\n";
    
  o2.indent(i2) << "{ /* struct ModRMDecision */" << "\n";
  i2++;
    
  o2.indent(i2) << stringForDecisionType(dt) << "," << "\n";
  o2.indent(i2) << "modRMTable" << sTableNumber << "\n";
    
  i2--;
  o2.indent(i2) << "}";
    
  ++sTableNumber;
}

void DisassemblerTables::emitOpcodeDecision(
  raw_ostream &o1,
  raw_ostream &o2,
  uint32_t &i1,
  uint32_t &i2,
  OpcodeDecision &decision) const {
  uint16_t index;

  o2.indent(i2) << "{ /* struct OpcodeDecision */" << "\n";
  i2++;
  o2.indent(i2) << "{" << "\n";
  i2++;

  for (index = 0; index < 256; ++index) {
    o2.indent(i2);

    o2 << "/* 0x" << format("%02hhx", index) << " */" << "\n";

    emitModRMDecision(o1, o2, i1, i2, decision.modRMDecisions[index]);

    if (index <  255)
      o2 << ",";

    o2 << "\n";
  }

  i2--;
  o2.indent(i2) << "}" << "\n";
  i2--;
  o2.indent(i2) << "}" << "\n";
}

void DisassemblerTables::emitContextDecision(
  raw_ostream &o1,
  raw_ostream &o2,
  uint32_t &i1,
  uint32_t &i2,
  ContextDecision &decision,
  const char* name) const {
  o2.indent(i2) << "static const struct ContextDecision " << name << " = {\n";
  i2++;
  o2.indent(i2) << "{ /* opcodeDecisions */" << "\n";
  i2++;

  unsigned index;

  for (index = 0; index < IC_max; ++index) {
    o2.indent(i2) << "/* ";
    o2 << stringForContext((InstructionContext)index);
    o2 << " */";
    o2 << "\n";

    emitOpcodeDecision(o1, o2, i1, i2, decision.opcodeDecisions[index]);

    if (index + 1 < IC_max)
      o2 << ", ";
  }

  i2--;
  o2.indent(i2) << "}" << "\n";
  i2--;
  o2.indent(i2) << "};" << "\n";
}

void DisassemblerTables::emitInstructionInfo(raw_ostream &o, uint32_t &i) 
  const {
  o.indent(i * 2) << "static const struct InstructionSpecifier ";
  o << INSTRUCTIONS_STR "[" << InstructionSpecifiers.size() << "] = {\n";
  
  i++;

  uint16_t numInstructions = InstructionSpecifiers.size();
  uint16_t index, operandIndex;

  for (index = 0; index < numInstructions; ++index) {
    o.indent(i * 2) << "{ /* " << index << " */" << "\n";
    i++;
    
    o.indent(i * 2) << 
      stringForModifierType(InstructionSpecifiers[index].modifierType);
    o << "," << "\n";
    
    o.indent(i * 2) << "0x";
    o << format("%02hhx", (uint16_t)InstructionSpecifiers[index].modifierBase);
    o << "," << "\n";

    o.indent(i * 2) << "{" << "\n";
    i++;

    for (operandIndex = 0; operandIndex < X86_MAX_OPERANDS; ++operandIndex) {
      o.indent(i * 2) << "{ ";
      o << stringForOperandEncoding(InstructionSpecifiers[index]
                                    .operands[operandIndex]
                                    .encoding);
      o << ", ";
      o << stringForOperandType(InstructionSpecifiers[index]
                                .operands[operandIndex]
                                .type);
      o << " }";

      if (operandIndex < X86_MAX_OPERANDS - 1)
        o << ",";

      o << "\n";
    }

    i--;
    o.indent(i * 2) << "}," << "\n";
    
    o.indent(i * 2) << "\"" << InstructionSpecifiers[index].name << "\"";
    o << "\n";

    i--;
    o.indent(i * 2) << "}";

    if (index + 1 < numInstructions)
      o << ",";

    o << "\n";
  }

  i--;
  o.indent(i * 2) << "};" << "\n";
}

void DisassemblerTables::emitContextTable(raw_ostream &o, uint32_t &i) const {
  uint16_t index;

  o.indent(i * 2) << "static const InstructionContext " CONTEXTS_STR
                     "[256] = {\n";
  i++;

  for (index = 0; index < 256; ++index) {
    o.indent(i * 2);

    if ((index & ATTR_VEXL) && (index & ATTR_OPSIZE))
      o << "IC_VEX_L_OPSIZE";
    else if ((index & ATTR_VEXL) && (index & ATTR_XD))
      o << "IC_VEX_L_XD";
    else if ((index & ATTR_VEXL) && (index & ATTR_XS))
      o << "IC_VEX_L_XS";
    else if ((index & ATTR_VEX) && (index & ATTR_REXW) && (index & ATTR_OPSIZE))
      o << "IC_VEX_W_OPSIZE";
    else if ((index & ATTR_VEX) && (index & ATTR_REXW) && (index & ATTR_XD))
      o << "IC_VEX_W_XD";
    else if ((index & ATTR_VEX) && (index & ATTR_REXW) && (index & ATTR_XS))
      o << "IC_VEX_W_XS";
    else if (index & ATTR_VEXL)
      o << "IC_VEX_L";
    else if ((index & ATTR_VEX) && (index & ATTR_REXW))
      o << "IC_VEX_W";
    else if ((index & ATTR_VEX) && (index & ATTR_OPSIZE))
      o << "IC_VEX_OPSIZE";
    else if ((index & ATTR_VEX) && (index & ATTR_XD))
      o << "IC_VEX_XD";
    else if ((index & ATTR_VEX) && (index & ATTR_XS))
      o << "IC_VEX_XS";
    else if ((index & ATTR_64BIT) && (index & ATTR_REXW) && (index & ATTR_XS))
      o << "IC_64BIT_REXW_XS";
    else if ((index & ATTR_64BIT) && (index & ATTR_REXW) && (index & ATTR_XD))
      o << "IC_64BIT_REXW_XD";
    else if ((index & ATTR_64BIT) && (index & ATTR_REXW) && 
             (index & ATTR_OPSIZE))
      o << "IC_64BIT_REXW_OPSIZE";
    else if ((index & ATTR_64BIT) && (index & ATTR_XS))
      o << "IC_64BIT_XS";
    else if ((index & ATTR_64BIT) && (index & ATTR_XD))
      o << "IC_64BIT_XD";
    else if ((index & ATTR_64BIT) && (index & ATTR_OPSIZE))
      o << "IC_64BIT_OPSIZE";
    else if ((index & ATTR_64BIT) && (index & ATTR_REXW))
      o << "IC_64BIT_REXW";
    else if ((index & ATTR_64BIT))
      o << "IC_64BIT";
    else if (index & ATTR_XS)
      o << "IC_XS";
    else if (index & ATTR_XD)
      o << "IC_XD";
    else if (index & ATTR_OPSIZE)
      o << "IC_OPSIZE";
    else if (index & ATTR_VEX)
      o << "IC_VEX";
    else
      o << "IC";

    if (index < 255)
      o << ",";
    else
      o << " ";

    o << " /* " << index << " */";

    o << "\n";
  }

  i--;
  o.indent(i * 2) << "};" << "\n";
}

void DisassemblerTables::emitContextDecisions(raw_ostream &o1,
                                            raw_ostream &o2,
                                            uint32_t &i1,
                                            uint32_t &i2)
  const {
  emitContextDecision(o1, o2, i1, i2, *Tables[0], ONEBYTE_STR);
  emitContextDecision(o1, o2, i1, i2, *Tables[1], TWOBYTE_STR);
  emitContextDecision(o1, o2, i1, i2, *Tables[2], THREEBYTE38_STR);
  emitContextDecision(o1, o2, i1, i2, *Tables[3], THREEBYTE3A_STR);
  emitContextDecision(o1, o2, i1, i2, *Tables[4], THREEBYTEA6_STR);
  emitContextDecision(o1, o2, i1, i2, *Tables[5], THREEBYTEA7_STR);
}

void DisassemblerTables::emit(raw_ostream &o) const {
  uint32_t i1 = 0;
  uint32_t i2 = 0;
  
  std::string s1;
  std::string s2;
  
  raw_string_ostream o1(s1);
  raw_string_ostream o2(s2);
  
  emitInstructionInfo(o, i2);
  o << "\n";

  emitContextTable(o, i2);
  o << "\n";
  
  emitEmptyTable(o1, i1);
  emitContextDecisions(o1, o2, i1, i2);
  
  o << o1.str();
  o << "\n";
  o << o2.str();
  o << "\n";
  o << "\n";
}

void DisassemblerTables::setTableFields(ModRMDecision     &decision,
                                        const ModRMFilter &filter,
                                        InstrUID          uid,
                                        uint8_t           opcode) {
  unsigned index;

  for (index = 0; index < 256; ++index) {
    if (filter.accepts(index)) {
      if (decision.instructionIDs[index] == uid)
        continue;

      if (decision.instructionIDs[index] != 0) {
        InstructionSpecifier &newInfo =
          InstructionSpecifiers[uid];
        InstructionSpecifier &previousInfo =
          InstructionSpecifiers[decision.instructionIDs[index]];
        
        if(newInfo.filtered)
          continue; // filtered instructions get lowest priority
        
        if(previousInfo.name == "NOOP")
          continue; // special case for XCHG32ar and NOOP

        if (outranks(previousInfo.insnContext, newInfo.insnContext))
          continue;
        
        if (previousInfo.insnContext == newInfo.insnContext &&
            !previousInfo.filtered) {
          errs() << "Error: Primary decode conflict: ";
          errs() << newInfo.name << " would overwrite " << previousInfo.name;
          errs() << "\n";
          errs() << "ModRM   " << index << "\n";
          errs() << "Opcode  " << (uint16_t)opcode << "\n";
          errs() << "Context " << stringForContext(newInfo.insnContext) << "\n";
          HasConflicts = true;
        }
      }

      decision.instructionIDs[index] = uid;
    }
  }
}

void DisassemblerTables::setTableFields(OpcodeType          type,
                                        InstructionContext  insnContext,
                                        uint8_t             opcode,
                                        const ModRMFilter   &filter,
                                        InstrUID            uid) {
  unsigned index;
  
  ContextDecision &decision = *Tables[type];

  for (index = 0; index < IC_max; ++index) {
    if (inheritsFrom((InstructionContext)index, 
                     InstructionSpecifiers[uid].insnContext))
      setTableFields(decision.opcodeDecisions[index].modRMDecisions[opcode], 
                     filter,
                     uid,
                     opcode);
  }
}