--TEST-- Test ?? operator --FILE-- boo = 7; $arr = [ 2 => 7, "foo" => "bar", "foobar" => NULL, "qux" => $obj, "bing" => [ "bang" ] ]; function foobar() { echo "called\n"; return ['a']; } var_dump($nonexistent_variable ?? 3); echo PHP_EOL; var_dump($var ?? 3); var_dump($var2 ?? 3); echo PHP_EOL; var_dump($obj->boo ?? 3); var_dump($obj->bing ?? 3); var_dump($arr["qux"]->boo ?? 3); var_dump($arr["qux"]->bing ?? 3); echo PHP_EOL; var_dump($arr[2] ?? 3); var_dump($arr["foo"] ?? 3); var_dump($arr["foobar"] ?? 3); var_dump($arr["qux"] ?? 3); var_dump($arr["bing"][0] ?? 3); var_dump($arr["bing"][1] ?? 3); echo PHP_EOL; var_dump(foobar()[0] ?? false); echo PHP_EOL; function f($x) { printf("%s(%d)\n", __FUNCTION__, $x); return $x; } $a = f(null) ?? f(1) ?? f(2); ?> --EXPECTF-- int(3) int(7) int(3) int(7) int(3) int(7) int(3) int(7) string(3) "bar" int(3) object(stdClass)#%d (%d) { ["boo"]=> int(7) } string(4) "bang" int(3) called string(1) "a" f(0) f(1)