package DBI::ProfileData;
use strict;
=head1 NAME
DBI::ProfileData - manipulate DBI::ProfileDumper data dumps
=head1 SYNOPSIS
The easiest way to use this module is through the dbiprof frontend
(see L<dbiprof> for details):
dbiprof --number 15 --sort count
This module can also be used to roll your own profile analysis:
# load data from dbi.prof
$prof = DBI::ProfileData->new(File => "dbi.prof");
# get a count of the records (unique paths) in the data set
$count = $prof->count();
# sort by longest overall time
$prof->sort(field => "longest");
# sort by longest overall time, least to greatest
$prof->sort(field => "longest", reverse => 1);
# exclude records with key2 eq 'disconnect'
$prof->exclude(key2 => 'disconnect');
# exclude records with key1 matching /^UPDATE/i
$prof->exclude(key1 => qr/^UPDATE/i);
# remove all records except those where key1 matches /^SELECT/i
$prof->match(key1 => qr/^SELECT/i);
# produce a formatted report with the given number of items
$report = $prof->report(number => 10);
# clone the profile data set
$clone = $prof->clone();
# get access to hash of header values
$header = $prof->header();
# get access to sorted array of nodes
$nodes = $prof->nodes();
# format a single node in the same style as report()
$text = $prof->format($nodes->[0]);
# get access to Data hash in DBI::Profile format
$Data = $prof->Data();
=head1 DESCRIPTION
This module offers the ability to read, manipulate and format
DBI::ProfileDumper profile data.
Conceptually, a profile consists of a series of records, or nodes,
each of each has a set of statistics and set of keys. Each record
must have a unique set of keys, but there is no requirement that every
record have the same number of keys.
=head1 METHODS
The following methods are supported by DBI::ProfileData objects.
=cut
our $VERSION = sprintf("2.%06d", q$Revision: 10007 $ =~ /(\d+)/o);
use Carp qw(croak);
use Symbol;
use Fcntl qw(:flock);
use DBI::Profile qw(dbi_profile_merge);
sub COUNT () { 0 };
sub TOTAL () { 1 };
sub FIRST () { 2 };
sub SHORTEST () { 3 };
sub LONGEST () { 4 };
sub FIRST_AT () { 5 };
sub LAST_AT () { 6 };
sub PATH () { 7 };
my $HAS_FLOCK = (defined $ENV{DBI_PROFILE_FLOCK})
? $ENV{DBI_PROFILE_FLOCK}
: do { local $@; eval { flock STDOUT, 0; 1 } };
=head2 $prof = DBI::ProfileData->new(File => "dbi.prof")
=head2 $prof = DBI::ProfileData->new(File => "dbi.prof", Filter => sub { ... })
=head2 $prof = DBI::ProfileData->new(Files => [ "dbi.prof.1", "dbi.prof.2" ])
Creates a a new DBI::ProfileData object. Takes either a single file
through the File option or a list of Files in an array ref. If
multiple files are specified then the header data from the first file
is used.
=head3 Files
Reference to an array of file names to read.
=head3 File
Name of file to read. Takes precedence over C<Files>.
=head3 DeleteFiles
If true, the files are deleted after being read.
Actually the files are renamed with a C.deleteme> suffix before being read,
and then, after reading all the files, they're all deleted together.
The files are locked while being read which, combined with the rename, makes it
safe to 'consume' files that are still being generated by L<DBI::ProfileDumper>.
=head3 Filter
The C<Filter> parameter can be used to supply a code reference that can
manipulate the profile data as it is being read. This is most useful for
editing SQL statements so that slightly different statements in the raw data
will be merged and aggregated in the loaded data. For example:
Filter => sub {
my ($path_ref, $data_ref) = @_;
s/foo = '.*?'/foo = '...'/ for @$path_ref;
}
Here's an example that performs some normalization on the SQL. It converts all
numbers to C<N> and all quoted strings to C<S>. It can also convert digits to
N within names. Finally, it summarizes long "IN (...)" clauses.
It's aggressive and simplistic, but it's often sufficient, and serves as an
example that you can tailor to suit your own needs:
Filter => sub {
my ($path_ref, $data_ref) = @_;
local $_ = $path_ref->[0]; # whichever element contains the SQL Statement
s/\b\d+\b/N/g; # 42 -> N
s/\b0x[0-9A-Fa-f]+\b/N/g; # 0xFE -> N
s/'.*?'/'S'/g; # single quoted strings (doesn't handle escapes)
s/".*?"/"S"/g; # double quoted strings (doesn't handle escapes)
# convert names like log_20001231 into log_NNNNNNNN, controlled by $opt{n}
s/([a-z_]+)(\d{$opt{n},})/$1.('N' x length($2))/ieg if $opt{n};
# abbreviate massive "in (...)" statements and similar
s!(([NS],){100,})!sprintf("$2,{repeated %d times}",length($1)/2)!eg;
}
It's often better to perform this kinds of normalization in the DBI while the
data is being collected, to avoid too much memory being used by storing profile
data for many different SQL statement. See L<DBI::Profile>.
=cut
sub new {
my $pkg = shift;
my $self = {
Files => [ "dbi.prof" ],
Filter => undef,
DeleteFiles => 0,
LockFile => $HAS_FLOCK,
_header => {},
_nodes => [],
_node_lookup => {},
_sort => 'none',
@_
};
bless $self, $pkg;
$self->{Files} = [ $self->{File} ] if exists $self->{File};
$self->_read_files();
return $self;
}
sub _read_files {
my $self = shift;
my $files = $self->{Files};
my $read_header = 0;
my @files_to_delete;
my $fh = gensym;
foreach (@$files) {
my $filename = $_;
if ($self->{DeleteFiles}) {
my $newfilename = $filename . ".deleteme";
if ($^O eq 'VMS') {
$newfilename = $filename . 'deleteme';
}
rename($filename, $newfilename)
or croak "Can't rename($filename, $newfilename): $!";
1 while (unlink $filename);
$filename = $newfilename;
}
open($fh, "<", $filename)
or croak("Unable to read profile file '$filename': $!");
flock($fh, LOCK_SH) if $self->{LockFile};
if (-s $fh) { $self->_read_header($fh, $filename, $read_header ? 0 : 1);
$read_header = 1;
$self->_read_body($fh, $filename);
}
close($fh);
push @files_to_delete, $filename
if $self->{DeleteFiles};
}
for (@files_to_delete){
1 while (unlink $_);
if(-e $_){
warn "Can't delete '$_': $!";
}
}
delete $self->{_node_lookup};
}
sub _read_header {
my ($self, $fh, $filename, $keep) = @_;
my $first = <$fh>;
chomp $first;
$self->{_profiler} = $first if $keep;
local $_;
while (<$fh>) {
chomp;
last unless length $_;
/^(\S+)\s*=\s*(.*)/
or croak("Syntax error in header in $filename line $.: $_");
$self->{_header}{$1} = unescape_key($2) if $keep;
}
}
sub unescape_key { local $_ = shift;
s/(?<!\\)\\n/\n/g; s/(?<!\\)\\r/\r/g; s/\\\\/\\/g; return $_;
}
sub _read_body {
my ($self, $fh, $filename) = @_;
my $nodes = $self->{_nodes};
my $lookup = $self->{_node_lookup};
my $filter = $self->{Filter};
my @path = ("");
my (@data, $path_key);
local $_;
while (<$fh>) {
chomp;
if (/^\+\s+(\d+)\s?(.*)/) {
my ($key, $index) = ($2, $1 - 1);
$#path = $index; $path[$index] = unescape_key($key);
}
elsif (s/^=\s+//) {
@data = split / /, $_;
croak("Invalid number of fields in $filename line $.: $_")
unless @data == 7;
croak("Invalid leaf node characters $filename line $.: $_")
unless m/^[-+ 0-9eE\.]+$/;
$filter->(\@path, \@data) if $filter;
$path_key = join("\0",@path);
if (exists $lookup->{$path_key}) {
dbi_profile_merge($nodes->[$lookup->{$path_key}], \@data);
} else {
push(@$nodes, [ @data, @path ]);
$lookup->{$path_key} = $ }
}
else {
croak("Invalid line type syntax error in $filename line $.: $_");
}
}
}
=head2 $copy = $prof->clone();
Clone a profile data set creating a new object.
=cut
sub clone {
my $self = shift;
my $clone = bless { %$self }, ref($self);
$clone->{_nodes} = [ map { [ @$_ ] } @{$self->{_nodes}} ];
$clone->{_header} = { %{$self->{_header}} };
return $clone;
}
=head2 $header = $prof->header();
Returns a reference to a hash of header values. These are the key
value pairs included in the header section of the DBI::ProfileDumper
data format. For example:
$header = {
Path => [ '!Statement', '!MethodName' ],
Program => 't/42profile_data.t',
};
Note that modifying this hash will modify the header data stored
inside the profile object.
=cut
sub header { shift->{_header} }
=head2 $nodes = $prof->nodes()
Returns a reference the sorted nodes array. Each element in the array
is a single record in the data set. The first seven elements are the
same as the elements provided by DBI::Profile. After that each key is
in a separate element. For example:
$nodes = [
[
2, # 0, count
0.0312958955764771, # 1, total duration
0.000490069389343262, # 2, first duration
0.000176072120666504, # 3, shortest duration
0.00140702724456787, # 4, longest duration
1023115819.83019, # 5, time of first event
1023115819.86576, # 6, time of last event
'SELECT foo FROM bar' # 7, key1
'execute' # 8, key2
# 6+N, keyN
],
# ...
];
Note that modifying this array will modify the node data stored inside
the profile object.
=cut
sub nodes { shift->{_nodes} }
=head2 $count = $prof->count()
Returns the number of items in the profile data set.
=cut
sub count { scalar @{shift->{_nodes}} }
=head2 $prof->sort(field => "field")
=head2 $prof->sort(field => "field", reverse => 1)
Sorts data by the given field. Available fields are:
longest
total
count
shortest
The default sort is greatest to smallest, which is the opposite of the
normal Perl meaning. This, however, matches the expected behavior of
the dbiprof frontend.
=cut
{
my %FIELDS = (
longest => LONGEST,
total => TOTAL,
count => COUNT,
shortest => SHORTEST,
key1 => PATH+0,
key2 => PATH+1,
key3 => PATH+2,
);
sub sort {
my $self = shift;
my $nodes = $self->{_nodes};
my %opt = @_;
croak("Missing required field option.") unless $opt{field};
my $index = $FIELDS{$opt{field}};
croak("Unrecognized sort field '$opt{field}'.")
unless defined $index;
if ($opt{reverse}) {
@$nodes = sort {
$a->[$index] <=> $b->[$index]
} @$nodes;
} else {
@$nodes = sort {
$b->[$index] <=> $a->[$index]
} @$nodes;
}
$self->{_sort} = $opt{field};
return $self;
}
}
=head2 $count = $prof->exclude(key2 => "disconnect")
=head2 $count = $prof->exclude(key2 => "disconnect", case_sensitive => 1)
=head2 $count = $prof->exclude(key1 => qr/^SELECT/i)
Removes records from the data set that match the given string or
regular expression. This method modifies the data in a permanent
fashion - use clone() first to maintain the original data after
exclude(). Returns the number of nodes left in the profile data set.
=cut
sub exclude {
my $self = shift;
my $nodes = $self->{_nodes};
my %opt = @_;
my ($index, $val);
foreach (keys %opt) {
if (/^key(\d+)$/) {
$index = PATH + $1 - 1;
$val = $opt{$_};
last;
}
}
croak("Missing required keyN option.") unless $index;
if (UNIVERSAL::isa($val,"Regexp")) {
@$nodes = grep {
$ } @$nodes;
} else {
if ($opt{case_sensitive}) {
@$nodes = grep {
$ } @$nodes;
} else {
$val = lc $val;
@$nodes = grep {
$ } @$nodes;
}
}
return scalar @$nodes;
}
=head2 $count = $prof->match(key2 => "disconnect")
=head2 $count = $prof->match(key2 => "disconnect", case_sensitive => 1)
=head2 $count = $prof->match(key1 => qr/^SELECT/i)
Removes records from the data set that do not match the given string
or regular expression. This method modifies the data in a permanent
fashion - use clone() first to maintain the original data after
match(). Returns the number of nodes left in the profile data set.
=cut
sub match {
my $self = shift;
my $nodes = $self->{_nodes};
my %opt = @_;
my ($index, $val);
foreach (keys %opt) {
if (/^key(\d+)$/) {
$index = PATH + $1 - 1;
$val = $opt{$_};
last;
}
}
croak("Missing required keyN option.") unless $index;
if (UNIVERSAL::isa($val,"Regexp")) {
@$nodes = grep {
$ } @$nodes;
} else {
if ($opt{case_sensitive}) {
@$nodes = grep {
$ } @$nodes;
} else {
$val = lc $val;
@$nodes = grep {
$ } @$nodes;
}
}
return scalar @$nodes;
}
=head2 $Data = $prof->Data()
Returns the same Data hash structure as seen in DBI::Profile. This
structure is not sorted. The nodes() structure probably makes more
sense for most analysis.
=cut
sub Data {
my $self = shift;
my (%Data, @data, $ptr);
foreach my $node (@{$self->{_nodes}}) {
$ptr = \%Data;
foreach my $key (@{$node}[PATH .. $ $ptr->{$key} = {} unless exists $ptr->{$key};
$ptr = $ptr->{$key};
}
$ptr->{$node->[-1]} = [ @{$node}[0 .. 6] ];
}
return \%Data;
}
=head2 $text = $prof->format($nodes->[0])
Formats a single node into a human-readable block of text.
=cut
sub format {
my ($self, $node) = @_;
my $format;
my $keys = "";
for (my $i = PATH; $i <= $ my $key = $node->[$i];
$key =~ s/^\s+//;
$key =~ s/\s+$//;
if (length($key) > 72 or $key =~ /\n/) {
$keys .= " Key " . ($i - PATH + 1) . " :\n\n$key\n\n";
} else {
$keys .= " Key " . ($i - PATH + 1) . " : $key\n";
}
}
if ($node->[COUNT] > 1) {
$format = <<END;
Count : %d
Total Time : %3.6f seconds
Longest Time : %3.6f seconds
Shortest Time : %3.6f seconds
Average Time : %3.6f seconds
END
return sprintf($format, @{$node}[COUNT,TOTAL,LONGEST,SHORTEST],
$node->[TOTAL] / $node->[COUNT]) . $keys;
} else {
$format = <<END;
Count : %d
Time : %3.6f seconds
END
return sprintf($format, @{$node}[COUNT,TOTAL]) . $keys;
}
}
=head2 $text = $prof->report(number => 10)
Produces a report with the given number of items.
=cut
sub report {
my $self = shift;
my $nodes = $self->{_nodes};
my %opt = @_;
croak("Missing required number option") unless exists $opt{number};
$opt{number} = @$nodes if @$nodes < $opt{number};
my $report = $self->_report_header($opt{number});
for (0 .. $opt{number} - 1) {
$report .= sprintf("#" x 5 . "[ %d ]". "#" x 59 . "\n",
$_ + 1);
$report .= $self->format($nodes->[$_]);
$report .= "\n";
}
return $report;
}
sub _report_header {
my ($self, $number) = @_;
my $nodes = $self->{_nodes};
my $node_count = @$nodes;
my ($time, $count) = (0,0);
foreach my $node (@$nodes) {
$time += $node->[TOTAL];
$count += $node->[COUNT];
}
my $header = <<END;
DBI Profile Data ($self->{_profiler})
END
while (my ($key, $value) = each %{$self->{_header}}) {
$header .= sprintf(" %-13s : %s\n", $key, $value);
}
$header .= sprintf(<<END, $node_count, $number, $self->{_sort}, $count, $time);
Total Records : %d (showing %d, sorted by %s)
Total Count : %d
Total Runtime : %3.6f seconds
END
return $header;
}
1;
__END__
=head1 AUTHOR
Sam Tregar <sam@tregar.com>
=head1 COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
Copyright (C) 2002 Sam Tregar
This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
it under the same terms as Perl 5 itself.
=cut