mDNS.c   [plain text]

/* -*- Mode: C; tab-width: 4 -*-
 *
 * Copyright (c) 2002-2006 Apple Computer, Inc. All rights reserved.
 *
 * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
 * You may obtain a copy of the License at
 * 
 *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 * 
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 * limitations under the License.
 *
 * This code is completely 100% portable C. It does not depend on any external header files
 * from outside the mDNS project -- all the types it expects to find are defined right here.
 * 
 * The previous point is very important: This file does not depend on any external
 * header files. It should compile on *any* platform that has a C compiler, without
 * making *any* assumptions about availability of so-called "standard" C functions,
 * routines, or types (which may or may not be present on any given platform).

 * Formatting notes:
 * This code follows the "Whitesmiths style" C indentation rules. Plenty of discussion
 * on C indentation can be found on the web, such as <http://www.kafejo.com/komp/1tbs.htm>,
 * but for the sake of brevity here I will say just this: Curly braces are not syntactially
 * part of an "if" statement; they are the beginning and ending markers of a compound statement;
 * therefore common sense dictates that if they are part of a compound statement then they
 * should be indented to the same level as everything else in that compound statement.
 * Indenting curly braces at the same level as the "if" implies that curly braces are
 * part of the "if", which is false. (This is as misleading as people who write "char* x,y;"
 * thinking that variables x and y are both of type "char*" -- and anyone who doesn't
 * understand why variable y is not of type "char*" just proves the point that poor code
 * layout leads people to unfortunate misunderstandings about how the C language really works.)
 */

#include "DNSCommon.h"                  // Defines general DNS untility routines
#include "uDNS.h"						// Defines entry points into unicast-specific routines

// Disable certain benign warnings with Microsoft compilers
#if(defined(_MSC_VER))
	// Disable "conditional expression is constant" warning for debug macros.
	// Otherwise, this generates warnings for the perfectly natural construct "while(1)"
	// If someone knows a variant way of writing "while(1)" that doesn't generate warning messages, please let us know
	#pragma warning(disable:4127)
	
	// Disable "assignment within conditional expression".
	// Other compilers understand the convention that if you place the assignment expression within an extra pair
	// of parentheses, this signals to the compiler that you really intended an assignment and no warning is necessary.
	// The Microsoft compiler doesn't understand this convention, so in the absense of any other way to signal
	// to the compiler that the assignment is intentional, we have to just turn this warning off completely.
	#pragma warning(disable:4706)
#endif

#if APPLE_OSX_mDNSResponder

#include <WebFilterDNS/WebFilterDNS.h>

#if ! NO_WCF
WCFConnection *WCFConnectionNew(void) __attribute__((weak_import));
void WCFConnectionDealloc(WCFConnection* c) __attribute__((weak_import));

// Do we really need to define a macro for "if"?
#define CHECK_WCF_FUNCTION(X) if (X)
#endif // ! NO_WCF

#else

#define NO_WCF 1
#endif // APPLE_OSX_mDNSResponder

// Forward declarations
mDNSlocal void BeginSleepProcessing(mDNS *const m);
mDNSlocal void RetrySPSRegistrations(mDNS *const m);
mDNSlocal void SendWakeup(mDNS *const m, mDNSInterfaceID InterfaceID, mDNSEthAddr *EthAddr, mDNSOpaque48 *password);

// ***************************************************************************
#if COMPILER_LIKES_PRAGMA_MARK
#pragma mark - Program Constants
#endif

#define NO_HINFO 1


// Any records bigger than this are considered 'large' records
#define SmallRecordLimit 1024

#define kMaxUpdateCredits 10
#define kUpdateCreditRefreshInterval (mDNSPlatformOneSecond * 6)

mDNSexport const char *const mDNS_DomainTypeNames[] =
	{
	 "b._dns-sd._udp.",		// Browse
	"db._dns-sd._udp.",		// Default Browse
	"lb._dns-sd._udp.",		// Automatic Browse
	 "r._dns-sd._udp.",		// Registration
	"dr._dns-sd._udp."		// Default Registration
	};

#ifdef UNICAST_DISABLED
#define uDNS_IsActiveQuery(q, u) mDNSfalse
#endif

// ***************************************************************************
#if COMPILER_LIKES_PRAGMA_MARK
#pragma mark -
#pragma mark - General Utility Functions
#endif

mDNSexport void SetNextQueryTime(mDNS *const m, const DNSQuestion *const q)
	{
	if (m->mDNS_busy != m->mDNS_reentrancy+1)
		LogMsg("SetNextQueryTime: Lock not held! mDNS_busy (%ld) mDNS_reentrancy (%ld)", m->mDNS_busy, m->mDNS_reentrancy);

#if ForceAlerts
	if (m->mDNS_busy != m->mDNS_reentrancy+1) *(long*)0 = 0;
#endif

	if (ActiveQuestion(q))
		{
		// Depending on whether this is a multicast or unicast question we want to set either:
		// m->NextScheduledQuery = NextQSendTime(q) or
		// m->NextuDNSEvent      = NextQSendTime(q)
		mDNSs32 *const timer = mDNSOpaque16IsZero(q->TargetQID) ? &m->NextScheduledQuery : &m->NextuDNSEvent;
		if (*timer - NextQSendTime(q) > 0)
			*timer = NextQSendTime(q);
		}
	}

mDNSexport CacheGroup *CacheGroupForName(const mDNS *const m, const mDNSu32 slot, const mDNSu32 namehash, const domainname *const name)
	{
	CacheGroup *cg;
	for (cg = m->rrcache_hash[slot]; cg; cg=cg->next)
		if (cg->namehash == namehash && SameDomainName(cg->name, name))
			break;
	return(cg);
	}

mDNSlocal CacheGroup *CacheGroupForRecord(const mDNS *const m, const mDNSu32 slot, const ResourceRecord *const rr)
	{
	return(CacheGroupForName(m, slot, rr->namehash, rr->name));
	}

mDNSexport mDNSBool mDNS_AddressIsLocalSubnet(mDNS *const m, const mDNSInterfaceID InterfaceID, const mDNSAddr *addr)
	{
	NetworkInterfaceInfo *intf;

	if (addr->type == mDNSAddrType_IPv4)
		{
		// Normally we resist touching the NotAnInteger fields, but here we're doing tricky bitwise masking so we make an exception
		if (mDNSv4AddressIsLinkLocal(&addr->ip.v4)) return(mDNStrue);
		for (intf = m->HostInterfaces; intf; intf = intf->next)
			if (intf->ip.type == addr->type && intf->InterfaceID == InterfaceID && intf->McastTxRx)
				if (((intf->ip.ip.v4.NotAnInteger ^ addr->ip.v4.NotAnInteger) & intf->mask.ip.v4.NotAnInteger) == 0)
					return(mDNStrue);
		}

	if (addr->type == mDNSAddrType_IPv6)
		{
		if (mDNSv6AddressIsLinkLocal(&addr->ip.v4)) return(mDNStrue);
		for (intf = m->HostInterfaces; intf; intf = intf->next)
			if (intf->ip.type == addr->type && intf->InterfaceID == InterfaceID && intf->McastTxRx)
				if ((((intf->ip.ip.v6.l[0] ^ addr->ip.v6.l[0]) & intf->mask.ip.v6.l[0]) == 0) &&
					(((intf->ip.ip.v6.l[1] ^ addr->ip.v6.l[1]) & intf->mask.ip.v6.l[1]) == 0) &&
					(((intf->ip.ip.v6.l[2] ^ addr->ip.v6.l[2]) & intf->mask.ip.v6.l[2]) == 0) &&
					(((intf->ip.ip.v6.l[3] ^ addr->ip.v6.l[3]) & intf->mask.ip.v6.l[3]) == 0))
						return(mDNStrue);
		}

	return(mDNSfalse);
	}

mDNSlocal NetworkInterfaceInfo *FirstInterfaceForID(mDNS *const m, const mDNSInterfaceID InterfaceID)
	{
	NetworkInterfaceInfo *intf = m->HostInterfaces;
	while (intf && intf->InterfaceID != InterfaceID) intf = intf->next;
	return(intf);
	}

mDNSexport char *InterfaceNameForID(mDNS *const m, const mDNSInterfaceID InterfaceID)
	{
	NetworkInterfaceInfo *intf = FirstInterfaceForID(m, InterfaceID);
	return(intf ? intf->ifname : mDNSNULL);
	}

// For a single given DNSQuestion, deliver an add/remove result for the single given AuthRecord
// Used by AnswerAllLocalQuestionsWithLocalAuthRecord() and AnswerNewLocalOnlyQuestion()
mDNSlocal void AnswerLocalQuestionWithLocalAuthRecord(mDNS *const m, DNSQuestion *q, AuthRecord *rr, QC_result AddRecord)
	{
	// We should not be delivering results for record types Unregistered, Deregistering, and (unverified) Unique
	if (!(rr->resrec.RecordType & kDNSRecordTypeActiveMask))
		{
		LogMsg("AnswerLocalQuestionWithLocalAuthRecord: *NOT* delivering %s event for local record type %X %s",
			AddRecord ? "Add" : "Rmv", rr->resrec.RecordType, ARDisplayString(m, rr));
		return;
		}

	// Indicate that we've given at least one positive answer for this record, so we should be prepared to send a goodbye for it
	if (AddRecord) rr->AnsweredLocalQ = mDNStrue;
	mDNS_DropLockBeforeCallback();		// Allow client to legally make mDNS API calls from the callback
	if (q->QuestionCallback && !q->NoAnswer)
		{
		q->CurrentAnswers += AddRecord ? 1 : -1;
		q->QuestionCallback(m, q, &rr->resrec, AddRecord);
		}
	mDNS_ReclaimLockAfterCallback();	// Decrement mDNS_reentrancy to block mDNS API calls again
	}

// When a new local AuthRecord is created or deleted, AnswerAllLocalQuestionsWithLocalAuthRecord()
// delivers the appropriate add/remove events to listening questions:
// 1. It runs though all our LocalOnlyQuestions delivering answers as appropriate,
//    stopping if it reaches a NewLocalOnlyQuestion -- brand-new questions are handled by AnswerNewLocalOnlyQuestion().
// 2. If the AuthRecord is marked mDNSInterface_LocalOnly or mDNSInterface_P2P, then it also runs though
//    our main question list, delivering answers to mDNSInterface_Any questions as appropriate,
//    stopping if it reaches a NewQuestion -- brand-new questions are handled by AnswerNewQuestion().
//
// AnswerAllLocalQuestionsWithLocalAuthRecord is used by the m->NewLocalRecords loop in mDNS_Execute(),
// and by mDNS_Deregister_internal()

mDNSlocal void AnswerAllLocalQuestionsWithLocalAuthRecord(mDNS *const m, AuthRecord *rr, QC_result AddRecord)
	{
	if (m->CurrentQuestion)
		LogMsg("AnswerAllLocalQuestionsWithLocalAuthRecord ERROR m->CurrentQuestion already set: %##s (%s)",
			m->CurrentQuestion->qname.c, DNSTypeName(m->CurrentQuestion->qtype));

	m->CurrentQuestion = m->LocalOnlyQuestions;
	while (m->CurrentQuestion && m->CurrentQuestion != m->NewLocalOnlyQuestions)
		{
		DNSQuestion *q = m->CurrentQuestion;
		m->CurrentQuestion = q->next;
		if (ResourceRecordAnswersQuestion(&rr->resrec, q))
			AnswerLocalQuestionWithLocalAuthRecord(m, q, rr, AddRecord);			// MUST NOT dereference q again
		}

	// If this AuthRecord is marked LocalOnly or P2P, then we want to deliver it to all local 'mDNSInterface_Any' questions
	if (rr->resrec.InterfaceID == mDNSInterface_LocalOnly || rr->resrec.InterfaceID == mDNSInterface_P2P)
		{
		m->CurrentQuestion = m->Questions;
		while (m->CurrentQuestion && m->CurrentQuestion != m->NewQuestions)
			{
			DNSQuestion *q = m->CurrentQuestion;
			m->CurrentQuestion = q->next;
			if (ResourceRecordAnswersQuestion(&rr->resrec, q))
				AnswerLocalQuestionWithLocalAuthRecord(m, q, rr, AddRecord);		// MUST NOT dereference q again
			}
		}

	m->CurrentQuestion = mDNSNULL;
	}

// ***************************************************************************
#if COMPILER_LIKES_PRAGMA_MARK
#pragma mark -
#pragma mark - Resource Record Utility Functions
#endif

#define RRTypeIsAddressType(T) ((T) == kDNSType_A || (T) == kDNSType_AAAA)

#define ResourceRecordIsValidAnswer(RR) ( ((RR)->             resrec.RecordType & kDNSRecordTypeActiveMask)  && \
		((RR)->Additional1 == mDNSNULL || ((RR)->Additional1->resrec.RecordType & kDNSRecordTypeActiveMask)) && \
		((RR)->Additional2 == mDNSNULL || ((RR)->Additional2->resrec.RecordType & kDNSRecordTypeActiveMask)) && \
		((RR)->DependentOn == mDNSNULL || ((RR)->DependentOn->resrec.RecordType & kDNSRecordTypeActiveMask))  )

#define ResourceRecordIsValidInterfaceAnswer(RR, INTID) \
	(ResourceRecordIsValidAnswer(RR) && \
	((RR)->resrec.InterfaceID == mDNSInterface_Any || (RR)->resrec.InterfaceID == (INTID)))

#define DefaultProbeCountForTypeUnique ((mDNSu8)3)
#define DefaultProbeCountForRecordType(X)      ((X) == kDNSRecordTypeUnique ? DefaultProbeCountForTypeUnique : (mDNSu8)0)

#define InitialAnnounceCount ((mDNSu8)8)

// For goodbye packets we set the count to 3, and for wakeups we set it to 18
// (which will be up to 15 wakeup attempts over the course of 30 seconds,
// and then if the machine fails to wake, 3 goodbye packets).
#define GoodbyeCount ((mDNSu8)3)
#define WakeupCount ((mDNSu8)18)

// Note that the announce intervals use exponential backoff, doubling each time. The probe intervals do not.
// This means that because the announce interval is doubled after sending the first packet, the first
// observed on-the-wire inter-packet interval between announcements is actually one second.
// The half-second value here may be thought of as a conceptual (non-existent) half-second delay *before* the first packet is sent.
#define DefaultProbeIntervalForTypeUnique (mDNSPlatformOneSecond/4)
#define DefaultAnnounceIntervalForTypeShared (mDNSPlatformOneSecond/2)
#define DefaultAnnounceIntervalForTypeUnique (mDNSPlatformOneSecond/2)

#define DefaultAPIntervalForRecordType(X)  ((X) & kDNSRecordTypeActiveSharedMask ? DefaultAnnounceIntervalForTypeShared : \
											(X) & kDNSRecordTypeUnique           ? DefaultProbeIntervalForTypeUnique    : \
											(X) & kDNSRecordTypeActiveUniqueMask ? DefaultAnnounceIntervalForTypeUnique : 0)

#define TimeToAnnounceThisRecord(RR,time) ((RR)->AnnounceCount && (time) - ((RR)->LastAPTime + (RR)->ThisAPInterval) >= 0)
#define TimeToSendThisRecord(RR,time) ((TimeToAnnounceThisRecord(RR,time) || (RR)->ImmedAnswer) && ResourceRecordIsValidAnswer(RR))
#define TicksTTL(RR) ((mDNSs32)(RR)->resrec.rroriginalttl * mDNSPlatformOneSecond)
#define RRExpireTime(RR) ((RR)->TimeRcvd + TicksTTL(RR))

#define MaxUnansweredQueries 4

// SameResourceRecordSignature returns true if two resources records have the same name, type, and class, and may be sent
// (or were received) on the same interface (i.e. if *both* records specify an interface, then it has to match).
// TTL and rdata may differ.
// This is used for cache flush management:
// When sending a unique record, all other records matching "SameResourceRecordSignature" must also be sent
// When receiving a unique record, all old cache records matching "SameResourceRecordSignature" are flushed

// SameResourceRecordNameClassInterface is functionally the same as SameResourceRecordSignature, except rrtype does not have to match

#define SameResourceRecordSignature(A,B) (A)->resrec.rrtype == (B)->resrec.rrtype && SameResourceRecordNameClassInterface((A),(B))

mDNSlocal mDNSBool SameResourceRecordNameClassInterface(const AuthRecord *const r1, const AuthRecord *const r2)
	{
	if (!r1) { LogMsg("SameResourceRecordSignature ERROR: r1 is NULL"); return(mDNSfalse); }
	if (!r2) { LogMsg("SameResourceRecordSignature ERROR: r2 is NULL"); return(mDNSfalse); }
	if (r1->resrec.InterfaceID &&
		r2->resrec.InterfaceID &&
		r1->resrec.InterfaceID != r2->resrec.InterfaceID) return(mDNSfalse);
	return(mDNSBool)(
		r1->resrec.rrclass  == r2->resrec.rrclass &&
		r1->resrec.namehash == r2->resrec.namehash &&
		SameDomainName(r1->resrec.name, r2->resrec.name));
	}

// PacketRRMatchesSignature behaves as SameResourceRecordSignature, except that types may differ if our
// authoratative record is unique (as opposed to shared). For unique records, we are supposed to have
// complete ownership of *all* types for this name, so *any* record type with the same name is a conflict.
// In addition, when probing we send our questions with the wildcard type kDNSQType_ANY,
// so a response of any type should match, even if it is not actually the type the client plans to use.

// For now, to make it easier to avoid false conflicts, we treat SPS Proxy records like shared records,
// and require the rrtypes to match for the rdata to be considered potentially conflicting
mDNSlocal mDNSBool PacketRRMatchesSignature(const CacheRecord *const pktrr, const AuthRecord *const authrr)
	{
	if (!pktrr)  { LogMsg("PacketRRMatchesSignature ERROR: pktrr is NULL"); return(mDNSfalse); }
	if (!authrr) { LogMsg("PacketRRMatchesSignature ERROR: authrr is NULL"); return(mDNSfalse); }
	if (pktrr->resrec.InterfaceID &&
		authrr->resrec.InterfaceID &&
		pktrr->resrec.InterfaceID != authrr->resrec.InterfaceID) return(mDNSfalse);
	if (!(authrr->resrec.RecordType & kDNSRecordTypeUniqueMask) || authrr->WakeUp.HMAC.l[0])
		if (pktrr->resrec.rrtype != authrr->resrec.rrtype) return(mDNSfalse);
	return(mDNSBool)(
		pktrr->resrec.rrclass == authrr->resrec.rrclass &&
		pktrr->resrec.namehash == authrr->resrec.namehash &&
		SameDomainName(pktrr->resrec.name, authrr->resrec.name));
	}

// CacheRecord *ka is the CacheRecord from the known answer list in the query.
// This is the information that the requester believes to be correct.
// AuthRecord *rr is the answer we are proposing to give, if not suppressed.
// This is the information that we believe to be correct.
// We've already determined that we plan to give this answer on this interface
// (either the record is non-specific, or it is specific to this interface)
// so now we just need to check the name, type, class, rdata and TTL.
mDNSlocal mDNSBool ShouldSuppressKnownAnswer(const CacheRecord *const ka, const AuthRecord *const rr)
	{
	// If RR signature is different, or data is different, then don't suppress our answer
	if (!IdenticalResourceRecord(&ka->resrec, &rr->resrec)) return(mDNSfalse);
	
	// If the requester's indicated TTL is less than half the real TTL,
	// we need to give our answer before the requester's copy expires.
	// If the requester's indicated TTL is at least half the real TTL,
	// then we can suppress our answer this time.
	// If the requester's indicated TTL is greater than the TTL we believe,
	// then that's okay, and we don't need to do anything about it.
	// (If two responders on the network are offering the same information,
	// that's okay, and if they are offering the information with different TTLs,
	// the one offering the lower TTL should defer to the one offering the higher TTL.)
	return(mDNSBool)(ka->resrec.rroriginalttl >= rr->resrec.rroriginalttl / 2);
	}

mDNSlocal void SetNextAnnounceProbeTime(mDNS *const m, const AuthRecord *const rr)
	{
	if (rr->resrec.RecordType == kDNSRecordTypeUnique)
		{
		if ((rr->LastAPTime + rr->ThisAPInterval) - m->timenow > mDNSPlatformOneSecond * 10)
			{
			LogMsg("SetNextAnnounceProbeTime: ProbeCount %d Next in %d %s", rr->ProbeCount, (rr->LastAPTime + rr->ThisAPInterval) - m->timenow, ARDisplayString(m, rr));
			LogMsg("SetNextAnnounceProbeTime: m->SuppressProbes %d m->timenow %d diff %d", m->SuppressProbes, m->timenow, m->SuppressProbes - m->timenow);
			}
		if (m->NextScheduledProbe - (rr->LastAPTime + rr->ThisAPInterval) >= 0)
			m->NextScheduledProbe = (rr->LastAPTime + rr->ThisAPInterval);
		// Some defensive code:
		// If (rr->LastAPTime + rr->ThisAPInterval) happens to be far in the past, we don't want to allow
		// NextScheduledProbe to be set excessively in the past, because that can cause bad things to happen.
		// See: <rdar://problem/7795434> mDNS: Sometimes advertising stops working and record interval is set to zero
		if (m->NextScheduledProbe - m->timenow < 0)
			m->NextScheduledProbe = m->timenow;
		}
	else if (rr->AnnounceCount && (ResourceRecordIsValidAnswer(rr) || rr->resrec.RecordType == kDNSRecordTypeDeregistering))
		{
		if (m->NextScheduledResponse - (rr->LastAPTime + rr->ThisAPInterval) >= 0)
			m->NextScheduledResponse = (rr->LastAPTime + rr->ThisAPInterval);
		}
	}

mDNSlocal void InitializeLastAPTime(mDNS *const m, AuthRecord *const rr)
	{
	// For reverse-mapping Sleep Proxy PTR records, probe interval is one second
	rr->ThisAPInterval = rr->AddressProxy.type ? mDNSPlatformOneSecond : DefaultAPIntervalForRecordType(rr->resrec.RecordType);

	// * If this is a record type that's going to probe, then we use the m->SuppressProbes time.
	// * Otherwise, if it's not going to probe, but m->SuppressProbes is set because we have other
	//   records that are going to probe, then we delay its first announcement so that it will
	//   go out synchronized with the first announcement for the other records that *are* probing.
	//   This is a minor performance tweak that helps keep groups of related records synchronized together.
	//   The addition of "interval / 2" is to make sure that, in the event that any of the probes are
	//   delayed by a few milliseconds, this announcement does not inadvertently go out *before* the probing is complete.
	//   When the probing is complete and those records begin to announce, these records will also be picked up and accelerated,
	//   because they will meet the criterion of being at least half-way to their scheduled announcement time.
	// * If it's not going to probe and m->SuppressProbes is not already set then we should announce immediately.

	if (rr->ProbeCount)
		{
		// If we have no probe suppression time set, or it is in the past, set it now
		if (m->SuppressProbes == 0 || m->SuppressProbes - m->timenow < 0)
			{
			// To allow us to aggregate probes when a group of services are registered together,
			// the first probe is delayed 1/4 second. This means the common-case behaviour is:
			// 1/4 second wait; probe
			// 1/4 second wait; probe
			// 1/4 second wait; probe
			// 1/4 second wait; announce (i.e. service is normally announced exactly one second after being registered)
			m->SuppressProbes = NonZeroTime(m->timenow + DefaultProbeIntervalForTypeUnique/2 + mDNSRandom(DefaultProbeIntervalForTypeUnique/2));

			// If we already have a *probe* scheduled to go out sooner, then use that time to get better aggregation
			if (m->SuppressProbes - m->NextScheduledProbe >= 0)
				m->SuppressProbes = NonZeroTime(m->NextScheduledProbe);
			if (m->SuppressProbes - m->timenow < 0)		// Make sure we don't set m->SuppressProbes excessively in the past
				m->SuppressProbes = m->timenow;

			// If we already have a *query* scheduled to go out sooner, then use that time to get better aggregation
			if (m->SuppressProbes - m->NextScheduledQuery >= 0)
				m->SuppressProbes = NonZeroTime(m->NextScheduledQuery);
			if (m->SuppressProbes - m->timenow < 0)		// Make sure we don't set m->SuppressProbes excessively in the past
				m->SuppressProbes = m->timenow;

			// except... don't expect to be able to send before the m->SuppressSending timer fires
			if (m->SuppressSending && m->SuppressProbes - m->SuppressSending < 0)
				m->SuppressProbes = NonZeroTime(m->SuppressSending);

			if (m->SuppressProbes - m->timenow > mDNSPlatformOneSecond * 8)
				{
				LogMsg("InitializeLastAPTime ERROR m->SuppressProbes %d m->NextScheduledProbe %d m->NextScheduledQuery %d m->SuppressSending %d %d",
					m->SuppressProbes     - m->timenow,
					m->NextScheduledProbe - m->timenow,
					m->NextScheduledQuery - m->timenow,
					m->SuppressSending,
					m->SuppressSending    - m->timenow);
				m->SuppressProbes = NonZeroTime(m->timenow + DefaultProbeIntervalForTypeUnique/2 + mDNSRandom(DefaultProbeIntervalForTypeUnique/2));
				}
			}
		rr->LastAPTime = m->SuppressProbes - rr->ThisAPInterval;
		}
	else if (m->SuppressProbes && m->SuppressProbes - m->timenow >= 0)
		rr->LastAPTime = m->SuppressProbes - rr->ThisAPInterval + DefaultProbeIntervalForTypeUnique * DefaultProbeCountForTypeUnique + rr->ThisAPInterval / 2;
	else
		rr->LastAPTime = m->timenow - rr->ThisAPInterval;

	// For reverse-mapping Sleep Proxy PTR records we don't want to start probing instantly -- we
	// wait one second to give the client a chance to go to sleep, and then start our ARP/NDP probing.
	// After three probes one second apart with no answer, we conclude the client is now sleeping
	// and we can begin broadcasting our announcements to take over ownership of that IP address.
	// If we don't wait for the client to go to sleep, then when the client sees our ARP Announcements there's a risk
	// (depending on the OS and networking stack it's using) that it might interpret it as a conflict and change its IP address.
	if (rr->AddressProxy.type) rr->LastAPTime = m->timenow;

	// Unsolicited Neighbor Advertisements (RFC 2461 Section 7.2.6) give us fast address cache updating,
	// but some older IPv6 clients get confused by them, so for now we don't send them. Without Unsolicited
	// Neighbor Advertisements we have to rely on Neighbor Unreachability Detection instead, which is slower.
	// Given this, we'll do our best to wake for existing IPv6 connections, but we don't want to encourage
	// new ones for sleeping clients, so we'll we send deletions for our SPS clients' AAAA records.
	if (m->KnownBugs & mDNS_KnownBug_LimitedIPv6)
		if (rr->WakeUp.HMAC.l[0] && rr->resrec.rrtype == kDNSType_AAAA)
			rr->LastAPTime = m->timenow - rr->ThisAPInterval + mDNSPlatformOneSecond * 10;
	
	// Set LastMCTime to now, to inhibit multicast responses
	// (no need to send additional multicast responses when we're announcing anyway)
	rr->LastMCTime      = m->timenow;
	rr->LastMCInterface = mDNSInterfaceMark;
	
	SetNextAnnounceProbeTime(m, rr);
	}

mDNSlocal const domainname *SetUnicastTargetToHostName(mDNS *const m, AuthRecord *rr)
	{
	const domainname *target;
	if (rr->AutoTarget)
		{
		// For autotunnel services pointing at our IPv6 ULA we don't need or want a NAT mapping, but for all other
		// advertised services referencing our uDNS hostname, we want NAT mappings automatically created as appropriate,
		// with the port number in our advertised SRV record automatically tracking the external mapped port.
		DomainAuthInfo *AuthInfo = GetAuthInfoForName_internal(m, rr->resrec.name);
		if (!AuthInfo || !AuthInfo->AutoTunnel) rr->AutoTarget = Target_AutoHostAndNATMAP;
		}

	target = GetServiceTarget(m, rr);
	if (!target || target->c[0] == 0)
		{
		// defer registration until we've got a target
		LogInfo("SetUnicastTargetToHostName No target for %s", ARDisplayString(m, rr));
		rr->state = regState_NoTarget;
		return mDNSNULL;
		}
	else
		{
		LogInfo("SetUnicastTargetToHostName target %##s for resource record %s", target->c, ARDisplayString(m,rr));
		return target;
		}
	}

// Right now this only applies to mDNS (.local) services where the target host is always m->MulticastHostname
// Eventually we should unify this with GetServiceTarget() in uDNS.c
mDNSlocal void SetTargetToHostName(mDNS *const m, AuthRecord *const rr)
	{
	domainname *const target = GetRRDomainNameTarget(&rr->resrec);
	const domainname *newname = &m->MulticastHostname;

	if (!target) LogInfo("SetTargetToHostName: Don't know how to set the target of rrtype %s", DNSTypeName(rr->resrec.rrtype));

	if (!(rr->ForceMCast || rr->resrec.InterfaceID == mDNSInterface_LocalOnly || rr->resrec.InterfaceID == mDNSInterface_P2P || IsLocalDomain(&rr->namestorage)))
		{
		const domainname *const n = SetUnicastTargetToHostName(m, rr);
		if (n) newname = n;
		else { target->c[0] = 0; SetNewRData(&rr->resrec, mDNSNULL, 0); return; }
		}

	if (target && SameDomainName(target, newname))
		debugf("SetTargetToHostName: Target of %##s is already %##s", rr->resrec.name->c, target->c);
	
	if (target && !SameDomainName(target, newname))
		{
		AssignDomainName(target, newname);
		SetNewRData(&rr->resrec, mDNSNULL, 0);		// Update rdlength, rdestimate, rdatahash
		
		// If we're in the middle of probing this record, we need to start again,
		// because changing its rdata may change the outcome of the tie-breaker.
		// (If the record type is kDNSRecordTypeUnique (unconfirmed unique) then DefaultProbeCountForRecordType is non-zero.)
		rr->ProbeCount     = DefaultProbeCountForRecordType(rr->resrec.RecordType);

		// If we've announced this record, we really should send a goodbye packet for the old rdata before
		// changing to the new rdata. However, in practice, we only do SetTargetToHostName for unique records,
		// so when we announce them we'll set the kDNSClass_UniqueRRSet and clear any stale data that way.
		if (rr->RequireGoodbye && rr->resrec.RecordType == kDNSRecordTypeShared)
			debugf("Have announced shared record %##s (%s) at least once: should have sent a goodbye packet before updating",
				rr->resrec.name->c, DNSTypeName(rr->resrec.rrtype));

		rr->AnnounceCount  = InitialAnnounceCount;
		rr->RequireGoodbye = mDNSfalse;
		InitializeLastAPTime(m, rr);
		}
	}

mDNSlocal void AcknowledgeRecord(mDNS *const m, AuthRecord *const rr)
	{
	if (rr->RecordCallback)
		{
		// CAUTION: MUST NOT do anything more with rr after calling rr->Callback(), because the client's callback function
		// is allowed to do anything, including starting/stopping queries, registering/deregistering records, etc.
		rr->Acknowledged = mDNStrue;
		mDNS_DropLockBeforeCallback();		// Allow client to legally make mDNS API calls from the callback
		rr->RecordCallback(m, rr, mStatus_NoError);
		mDNS_ReclaimLockAfterCallback();	// Decrement mDNS_reentrancy to block mDNS API calls again
		}
	}

mDNSexport void ActivateUnicastRegistration(mDNS *const m, AuthRecord *const rr)
	{
	// Make sure that we don't activate the SRV record and associated service records, if it is in
	// NoTarget state. First time when a service is being instantiated, SRV record may be in NoTarget state.
	// We should not activate any of the other reords (PTR, TXT) that are part of the service. When
	// the target becomes available, the records will be reregistered.
	if (rr->resrec.rrtype != kDNSType_SRV)
		{
		AuthRecord *srvRR = mDNSNULL;
		if (rr->resrec.rrtype == kDNSType_PTR)
			srvRR = rr->Additional1;
		else if (rr->resrec.rrtype == kDNSType_TXT)
			srvRR = rr->DependentOn;
		if (srvRR)
			{
			if (srvRR->resrec.rrtype != kDNSType_SRV)
				{
				LogMsg("ActivateUnicastRegistration: ERROR!! Resource record %s wrong, expecting SRV type", ARDisplayString(m, srvRR));
				}
			else
				{
				LogInfo("ActivateUnicastRegistration: Found Service Record %s in state %d for %##s (%s)",
					ARDisplayString(m, srvRR), srvRR->state, rr->resrec.name->c, DNSTypeName(rr->resrec.rrtype));
				rr->state = srvRR->state;
				}
			}
		}

	if (rr->state == regState_NoTarget)
		{
		LogInfo("ActivateUnicastRegistration record %s in regState_NoTarget, not activating", ARDisplayString(m, rr));
		return;
		}
	// When we wake up from sleep, we call ActivateUnicastRegistration. It is possible that just before we went to sleep,
	// the service/record was being deregistered. In that case, we should not try to register again. For the cases where
	// the records are deregistered due to e.g., no target for the SRV record, we would have returned from above if it
	// was already in NoTarget state. If it was in the process of deregistration but did not complete fully before we went
	// to sleep, then it is okay to start in Pending state as we will go back to NoTarget state if we don't have a target.
	if (rr->resrec.RecordType == kDNSRecordTypeDeregistering)
		{
		LogInfo("ActivateUnicastRegistration: Resource record %s, current state %d, moving to DeregPending", ARDisplayString(m, rr), rr->state);
		rr->state = regState_DeregPending;
		}
	else
		{
		LogInfo("ActivateUnicastRegistration: Resource record %s, current state %d, moving to Pending", ARDisplayString(m, rr), rr->state);
		rr->state = regState_Pending;
		}
	rr->ProbeCount     = 0;
	rr->AnnounceCount  = 0;
	rr->ThisAPInterval = INIT_RECORD_REG_INTERVAL;
	rr->LastAPTime     = m->timenow - rr->ThisAPInterval;
	rr->expire         = 0;	// Forget about all the leases, start fresh
	rr->uselease       = mDNStrue;
	rr->updateid       = zeroID;
	rr->SRVChanged     = mDNSfalse;
	rr->updateError    = mStatus_NoError;
	// RestartRecordGetZoneData calls this function whenever a new interface gets registered with core.
	// The records might already be registered with the server and hence could have NAT state.
	if (rr->NATinfo.clientContext)
		{
		mDNS_StopNATOperation_internal(m, &rr->NATinfo);
		rr->NATinfo.clientContext = mDNSNULL;
		}
	if (rr->nta) { CancelGetZoneData(m, rr->nta); rr->nta = mDNSNULL; }
	if (rr->tcp) { DisposeTCPConn(rr->tcp);       rr->tcp = mDNSNULL; }
	if (m->NextuDNSEvent - (rr->LastAPTime + rr->ThisAPInterval) >= 0)
		m->NextuDNSEvent = (rr->LastAPTime + rr->ThisAPInterval);
	}

// Two records qualify to be local duplicates if:
// (a) the RecordTypes are the same, or
// (b) one is Unique and the other Verified
// (c) either is in the process of deregistering
#define RecordLDT(A,B) ((A)->resrec.RecordType == (B)->resrec.RecordType || \
	((A)->resrec.RecordType | (B)->resrec.RecordType) == (kDNSRecordTypeUnique | kDNSRecordTypeVerified) || \
	((A)->resrec.RecordType == kDNSRecordTypeDeregistering || (B)->resrec.RecordType == kDNSRecordTypeDeregistering))

#define RecordIsLocalDuplicate(A,B) \
	((A)->resrec.InterfaceID == (B)->resrec.InterfaceID && RecordLDT((A),(B)) && IdenticalResourceRecord(&(A)->resrec, &(B)->resrec))

// Exported so uDNS.c can call this
mDNSexport mStatus mDNS_Register_internal(mDNS *const m, AuthRecord *const rr)
	{
	domainname *target = GetRRDomainNameTarget(&rr->resrec);
	AuthRecord *r;
	AuthRecord **p = &m->ResourceRecords;
	AuthRecord **d = &m->DuplicateRecords;

	if ((mDNSs32)rr->resrec.rroriginalttl <= 0)
		{ LogMsg("mDNS_Register_internal: TTL %X should be 1 - 0x7FFFFFFF %s", rr->resrec.rroriginalttl, ARDisplayString(m, rr)); return(mStatus_BadParamErr); }

	if (!rr->resrec.RecordType)
		{ LogMsg("mDNS_Register_internal: RecordType must be non-zero %s", ARDisplayString(m, rr)); return(mStatus_BadParamErr); }

	if (m->ShutdownTime)
		{ LogMsg("mDNS_Register_internal: Shutting down, can't register %s", ARDisplayString(m, rr)); return(mStatus_ServiceNotRunning); }
	
	if (m->DivertMulticastAdvertisements && !AuthRecord_uDNS(rr))
		{
		mDNSInterfaceID previousID = rr->resrec.InterfaceID;
		if (rr->resrec.InterfaceID == mDNSInterface_Any || rr->resrec.InterfaceID == mDNSInterface_P2P) rr->resrec.InterfaceID = mDNSInterface_LocalOnly;
		if (rr->resrec.InterfaceID != mDNSInterface_LocalOnly)
			{
			NetworkInterfaceInfo *intf = FirstInterfaceForID(m, rr->resrec.InterfaceID);
			if (intf && !intf->Advertise) rr->resrec.InterfaceID = mDNSInterface_LocalOnly;
			}
		if (rr->resrec.InterfaceID != previousID)
			LogInfo("mDNS_Register_internal: Diverting record to local-only %s", ARDisplayString(m, rr));
		}

	while (*p && *p != rr) p=&(*p)->next;
	while (*d && *d != rr) d=&(*d)->next;
	if (*d || *p)
		{
		LogMsg("Error! Tried to register AuthRecord %p %##s (%s) that's already in the list",
			rr, rr->resrec.name->c, DNSTypeName(rr->resrec.rrtype));
		return(mStatus_AlreadyRegistered);
		}

	if (rr->DependentOn)
		{
		if (rr->resrec.RecordType == kDNSRecordTypeUnique)
			rr->resrec.RecordType =  kDNSRecordTypeVerified;
		else
			{
			LogMsg("mDNS_Register_internal: ERROR! %##s (%s): rr->DependentOn && RecordType != kDNSRecordTypeUnique",
				rr->resrec.name->c, DNSTypeName(rr->resrec.rrtype));
			return(mStatus_Invalid);
			}
		if (!(rr->DependentOn->resrec.RecordType & (kDNSRecordTypeUnique | kDNSRecordTypeVerified)))
			{
			LogMsg("mDNS_Register_internal: ERROR! %##s (%s): rr->DependentOn->RecordType bad type %X",
				rr->resrec.name->c, DNSTypeName(rr->resrec.rrtype), rr->DependentOn->resrec.RecordType);
			return(mStatus_Invalid);
			}
		}

	// If this resource record is referencing a specific interface, make sure it exists
	if (rr->resrec.InterfaceID && rr->resrec.InterfaceID != mDNSInterface_LocalOnly && rr->resrec.InterfaceID != mDNSInterface_P2P)
		{
		NetworkInterfaceInfo *intf = FirstInterfaceForID(m, rr->resrec.InterfaceID);
		if (!intf)
			{
			debugf("mDNS_Register_internal: Bogus InterfaceID %p in resource record", rr->resrec.InterfaceID);
			return(mStatus_BadReferenceErr);
			}
		}

	rr->next = mDNSNULL;

	// Field Group 1: The actual information pertaining to this resource record
	// Set up by client prior to call

	// Field Group 2: Persistent metadata for Authoritative Records
//	rr->Additional1       = set to mDNSNULL  in mDNS_SetupResourceRecord; may be overridden by client
//	rr->Additional2       = set to mDNSNULL  in mDNS_SetupResourceRecord; may be overridden by client
//	rr->DependentOn       = set to mDNSNULL  in mDNS_SetupResourceRecord; may be overridden by client
//	rr->RRSet             = set to mDNSNULL  in mDNS_SetupResourceRecord; may be overridden by client
//	rr->Callback          = already set      in mDNS_SetupResourceRecord
//	rr->Context           = already set      in mDNS_SetupResourceRecord
//	rr->RecordType        = already set      in mDNS_SetupResourceRecord
//	rr->HostTarget        = set to mDNSfalse in mDNS_SetupResourceRecord; may be overridden by client
//	rr->AllowRemoteQuery  = set to mDNSfalse in mDNS_SetupResourceRecord; may be overridden by client
	// Make sure target is not uninitialized data, or we may crash writing debugging log messages
	if (rr->AutoTarget && target) target->c[0] = 0;

	// Field Group 3: Transient state for Authoritative Records
	rr->Acknowledged      = mDNSfalse;
	rr->ProbeCount        = DefaultProbeCountForRecordType(rr->resrec.RecordType);
	rr->AnnounceCount     = InitialAnnounceCount;
	rr->RequireGoodbye    = mDNSfalse;
	rr->AnsweredLocalQ    = mDNSfalse;
	rr->IncludeInProbe    = mDNSfalse;
	rr->ImmedUnicast      = mDNSfalse;
	rr->SendNSECNow       = mDNSNULL;
	rr->ImmedAnswer       = mDNSNULL;
	rr->ImmedAdditional   = mDNSNULL;
	rr->SendRNow          = mDNSNULL;
	rr->v4Requester       = zerov4Addr;
	rr->v6Requester       = zerov6Addr;
	rr->NextResponse      = mDNSNULL;
	rr->NR_AnswerTo       = mDNSNULL;
	rr->NR_AdditionalTo   = mDNSNULL;
	if (!rr->AutoTarget) InitializeLastAPTime(m, rr);
//	rr->LastAPTime        = Set for us in InitializeLastAPTime()
//	rr->LastMCTime        = Set for us in InitializeLastAPTime()
//	rr->LastMCInterface   = Set for us in InitializeLastAPTime()
	rr->NewRData          = mDNSNULL;
	rr->newrdlength       = 0;
	rr->UpdateCallback    = mDNSNULL;
	rr->UpdateCredits     = kMaxUpdateCredits;
	rr->NextUpdateCredit  = 0;
	rr->UpdateBlocked     = 0;

	// For records we're holding as proxy (except reverse-mapping PTR records) two announcements is sufficient
	if (rr->WakeUp.HMAC.l[0] && !rr->AddressProxy.type) rr->AnnounceCount = 2;

	// Field Group 4: Transient uDNS state for Authoritative Records
	rr->state             = regState_Zero;
	rr->uselease          = 0;
	rr->expire            = 0;
	rr->Private           = 0;
	rr->updateid          = zeroID;
	rr->zone              = rr->resrec.name;
	rr->nta               = mDNSNULL;
	rr->tcp               = mDNSNULL;
	rr->OrigRData         = 0;
	rr->OrigRDLen         = 0;
	rr->InFlightRData     = 0;
	rr->InFlightRDLen     = 0;
	rr->QueuedRData       = 0;
	rr->QueuedRDLen       = 0;

//	rr->resrec.interface         = already set in mDNS_SetupResourceRecord
//	rr->resrec.name->c           = MUST be set by client
//	rr->resrec.rrtype            = already set in mDNS_SetupResourceRecord
//	rr->resrec.rrclass           = already set in mDNS_SetupResourceRecord
//	rr->resrec.rroriginalttl     = already set in mDNS_SetupResourceRecord
//	rr->resrec.rdata             = MUST be set by client, unless record type is CNAME or PTR and rr->HostTarget is set

	// BIND named (name daemon) doesn't allow TXT records with zero-length rdata. This is strictly speaking correct,
	// since RFC 1035 specifies a TXT record as "One or more <character-string>s", not "Zero or more <character-string>s".
	// Since some legacy apps try to create zero-length TXT records, we'll silently correct it here.
	if (rr->resrec.rrtype == kDNSType_TXT && rr->resrec.rdlength == 0) { rr->resrec.rdlength = 1; rr->resrec.rdata->u.txt.c[0] = 0; }

	if (rr->AutoTarget)
		{
		SetTargetToHostName(m, rr);	// Also sets rdlength and rdestimate for us, and calls InitializeLastAPTime();
#ifndef UNICAST_DISABLED
		// If we have no target record yet, SetTargetToHostName will set rr->state == regState_NoTarget
		// In this case we leave the record half-formed in the list, and later we'll remove it from the list and re-add it properly.
		if (rr->state == regState_NoTarget)
			{
			// Initialize the target so that we don't crash while logging etc.
			domainname *tar = GetRRDomainNameTarget(&rr->resrec);
			if (tar) tar->c[0] = 0;
			LogInfo("mDNS_Register_internal: record %s in NoTarget state", ARDisplayString(m, rr));
			}
#endif
		}
	else
		{
		rr->resrec.rdlength   = GetRDLength(&rr->resrec, mDNSfalse);
		rr->resrec.rdestimate = GetRDLength(&rr->resrec, mDNStrue);
		}

	if (!ValidateDomainName(rr->resrec.name))
		{ LogMsg("Attempt to register record with invalid name: %s", ARDisplayString(m, rr)); return(mStatus_Invalid); }

	// Don't do this until *after* we've set rr->resrec.rdlength
	if (!ValidateRData(rr->resrec.rrtype, rr->resrec.rdlength, rr->resrec.rdata))
		{ LogMsg("Attempt to register record with invalid rdata: %s", ARDisplayString(m, rr)); return(mStatus_Invalid); }

	rr->resrec.namehash   = DomainNameHashValue(rr->resrec.name);
	rr->resrec.rdatahash  = target ? DomainNameHashValue(target) : RDataHashValue(&rr->resrec);
	
	if (rr->resrec.InterfaceID == mDNSInterface_LocalOnly || rr->resrec.InterfaceID == mDNSInterface_P2P)
		{
		// If this is supposed to be unique, make sure we don't have any name conflicts
		if (rr->resrec.RecordType & kDNSRecordTypeUniqueMask)
			{
			const AuthRecord *s1 = rr->RRSet ? rr->RRSet : rr;
			for (r = m->ResourceRecords; r; r=r->next)
				{
				const AuthRecord *s2 = r->RRSet ? r->RRSet : r;
				if (s1 != s2 && SameResourceRecordSignature(r, rr) && !IdenticalSameNameRecord(&r->resrec, &rr->resrec))
					break;
				}
			if (r)	// If we found a conflict, set RecordType = kDNSRecordTypeDeregistering so we'll deliver the callback
				{
				debugf("Name conflict %p %##s (%s)", rr, rr->resrec.name->c, DNSTypeName(rr->resrec.rrtype));
				rr->resrec.RecordType    = kDNSRecordTypeDeregistering;
				rr->resrec.rroriginalttl = 0;
				rr->ImmedAnswer          = mDNSInterfaceMark;
				m->LocalRemoveEvents     = mDNStrue;
				m->NextScheduledResponse = m->timenow;
				}
			}
		}

	// For uDNS records, we don't support duplicate checks at this time
#ifndef UNICAST_DISABLED
	if (AuthRecord_uDNS(rr))
		{
		if (!m->NewLocalRecords) m->NewLocalRecords = rr;
		// When we called SetTargetToHostName, it may have caused mDNS_Register_internal to be re-entered, appending new
		// records to the list, so we now need to update p to advance to the new end to the list before appending our new record.
		// Note that for AutoTunnel this should never happen, but this check makes the code future-proof.
		while (*p) p=&(*p)->next;
		*p = rr;
		if (rr->resrec.RecordType == kDNSRecordTypeUnique) rr->resrec.RecordType = kDNSRecordTypeVerified;
		rr->ProbeCount    = 0;
		rr->AnnounceCount = 0;
		if (rr->state != regState_NoTarget) ActivateUnicastRegistration(m, rr);
		return(mStatus_NoError);			// <--- Note: For unicast records, code currently bails out at this point
		}
#endif

	// Now that we've finished building our new record, make sure it's not identical to one we already have
	for (r = m->ResourceRecords; r; r=r->next)
		if (RecordIsLocalDuplicate(r, rr))
			{
			if (r->resrec.RecordType == kDNSRecordTypeDeregistering) r->AnnounceCount = 0;
			else break;
			}
	
	if (r)
		{
		debugf("mDNS_Register_internal:Adding to duplicate list %s", ARDisplayString(m,rr));
		*d = rr;
		// If the previous copy of this record is already verified unique,
		// then indicate that we should move this record promptly to kDNSRecordTypeUnique state.
		// Setting ProbeCount to zero will cause SendQueries() to advance this record to
		// kDNSRecordTypeVerified state and call the client callback at the next appropriate time.
		if (rr->resrec.RecordType == kDNSRecordTypeUnique && r->resrec.RecordType == kDNSRecordTypeVerified)
			rr->ProbeCount = 0;
		}
	else
		{
		debugf("mDNS_Register_internal: Adding to active record list %s", ARDisplayString(m,rr));
		if (!m->NewLocalRecords) m->NewLocalRecords = rr;
		*p = rr;
		}

	if (!AuthRecord_uDNS(rr))	// This check is superfluous, given that for unicast records we (currently) bail out above
		{
		// For records that are not going to probe, acknowledge them right away
		if (rr->resrec.RecordType != kDNSRecordTypeUnique && rr->resrec.RecordType != kDNSRecordTypeDeregistering)
			AcknowledgeRecord(m, rr);

		// Adding a record may affect whether or not we should sleep
		mDNS_UpdateAllowSleep(m);
		}

	return(mStatus_NoError);
	}

mDNSlocal void RecordProbeFailure(mDNS *const m, const AuthRecord *const rr)
	{
	m->ProbeFailTime = m->timenow;
	m->NumFailedProbes++;
	// If we've had fifteen or more probe failures, rate-limit to one every five seconds.
	// If a bunch of hosts have all been configured with the same name, then they'll all
	// conflict and run through the same series of names: name-2, name-3, name-4, etc.,
	// up to name-10. After that they'll start adding random increments in the range 1-100,
	// so they're more likely to branch out in the available namespace and settle on a set of
	// unique names quickly. If after five more tries the host is still conflicting, then we
	// may have a serious problem, so we start rate-limiting so we don't melt down the network.
	if (m->NumFailedProbes >= 15)
		{
		m->SuppressProbes = NonZeroTime(m->timenow + mDNSPlatformOneSecond * 5);
		LogMsg("Excessive name conflicts (%lu) for %##s (%s); rate limiting in effect",
			m->NumFailedProbes, rr->resrec.name->c, DNSTypeName(rr->resrec.rrtype));
		}
	}

mDNSlocal void CompleteRDataUpdate(mDNS *const m, AuthRecord *const rr)
	{
	RData *OldRData = rr->resrec.rdata;
	mDNSu16 OldRDLen = rr->resrec.rdlength;
	SetNewRData(&rr->resrec, rr->NewRData, rr->newrdlength);	// Update our rdata
	rr->NewRData = mDNSNULL;									// Clear the NewRData pointer ...
	if (rr->UpdateCallback)
		rr->UpdateCallback(m, rr, OldRData, OldRDLen);			// ... and let the client know
	}

// Note: mDNS_Deregister_internal can call a user callback, which may change the record list and/or question list.
// Any code walking either list must use the CurrentQuestion and/or CurrentRecord mechanism to protect against this.
// Exported so uDNS.c can call this
mDNSexport mStatus mDNS_Deregister_internal(mDNS *const m, AuthRecord *const rr, mDNS_Dereg_type drt)
	{
	AuthRecord *r2;
	mDNSu8 RecordType = rr->resrec.RecordType;
	AuthRecord **p = &m->ResourceRecords;	// Find this record in our list of active records

	while (*p && *p != rr) p=&(*p)->next;

	if (*p)
		{
		// We found our record on the main list. See if there are any duplicates that need special handling.
		if (drt == mDNS_Dereg_conflict)		// If this was a conflict, see that all duplicates get the same treatment
			{
			// Scan for duplicates of rr, and mark them for deregistration at the end of this routine, after we've finished
			// deregistering rr. We need to do this scan *before* we give the client the chance to free and reuse the rr memory.
			for (r2 = m->DuplicateRecords; r2; r2=r2->next) if (RecordIsLocalDuplicate(r2, rr)) r2->ProbeCount = 0xFF;
			}
		else
			{
			// Before we delete the record (and potentially send a goodbye packet)
			// first see if we have a record on the duplicate list ready to take over from it.
			AuthRecord **d = &m->DuplicateRecords;
			while (*d && !RecordIsLocalDuplicate(*d, rr)) d=&(*d)->next;
			if (*d)
				{
				AuthRecord *dup = *d;
				debugf("mDNS_Register_internal: Duplicate record %p taking over from %p %##s (%s)",
					dup, rr, rr->resrec.name->c, DNSTypeName(rr->resrec.rrtype));
				*d        = dup->next;		// Cut replacement record from DuplicateRecords list
				dup->next = rr->next;		// And then...
				rr->next  = dup;			// ... splice it in right after the record we're about to delete
				dup->resrec.RecordType        = rr->resrec.RecordType;
				dup->ProbeCount      = rr->ProbeCount;
				dup->AnnounceCount   = rr->AnnounceCount;
				dup->RequireGoodbye  = rr->RequireGoodbye;
				dup->AnsweredLocalQ  = rr->AnsweredLocalQ;
				dup->ImmedAnswer     = rr->ImmedAnswer;
				dup->ImmedUnicast    = rr->ImmedUnicast;
				dup->ImmedAdditional = rr->ImmedAdditional;
				dup->v4Requester     = rr->v4Requester;
				dup->v6Requester     = rr->v6Requester;
				dup->ThisAPInterval  = rr->ThisAPInterval;
				dup->LastAPTime      = rr->LastAPTime;
				dup->LastMCTime      = rr->LastMCTime;
				dup->LastMCInterface = rr->LastMCInterface;
				dup->Private         = rr->Private;
				dup->state           = rr->state;
				rr->RequireGoodbye = mDNSfalse;
				rr->AnsweredLocalQ = mDNSfalse;
				}
			}
		}
	else
		{
		// We didn't find our record on the main list; try the DuplicateRecords list instead.
		p = &m->DuplicateRecords;
		while (*p && *p != rr) p=&(*p)->next;
		// If we found our record on the duplicate list, then make sure we don't send a goodbye for it
		if (*p) rr->RequireGoodbye = mDNSfalse;
		if (*p) debugf("mDNS_Deregister_internal: Deleting DuplicateRecord %p %##s (%s)",
			rr, rr->resrec.name->c, DNSTypeName(rr->resrec.rrtype));
		}

	if (!*p)
		{
		// No need to log an error message if we already know this is a potentially repeated deregistration
		if (drt != mDNS_Dereg_repeat)
			LogMsg("mDNS_Deregister_internal: Record %p not found in list %s", rr, ARDisplayString(m,rr));
		return(mStatus_BadReferenceErr);
		}

	// If this is a shared record and we've announced it at least once,
	// we need to retract that announcement before we delete the record

	// If this is a record (including mDNSInterface_LocalOnly records) for which we've given local-only answers then
	// it's tempting to just do "AnswerAllLocalQuestionsWithLocalAuthRecord(m, rr, mDNSfalse)" here, but that would not not be safe.
	// The AnswerAllLocalQuestionsWithLocalAuthRecord routine walks the question list invoking client callbacks, using the "m->CurrentQuestion"
	// mechanism to cope with the client callback modifying the question list while that's happening.
	// However, mDNS_Deregister could have been called from a client callback (e.g. from the domain enumeration callback FoundDomain)
	// which means that the "m->CurrentQuestion" mechanism is already in use to protect that list, so we can't use it twice.
	// More generally, if we invoke callbacks from within a client callback, then those callbacks could deregister other
	// records, thereby invoking yet more callbacks, without limit.
	// The solution is to defer delivering the "Remove" events until mDNS_Execute time, just like we do for sending
	// actual goodbye packets.
	
#ifndef UNICAST_DISABLED
	if (AuthRecord_uDNS(rr))
		{
		if (rr->RequireGoodbye)
			{
			if (rr->tcp) { DisposeTCPConn(rr->tcp); rr->tcp = mDNSNULL; }
			rr->resrec.RecordType    = kDNSRecordTypeDeregistering;
			m->LocalRemoveEvents     = mDNStrue;
			uDNS_DeregisterRecord(m, rr);
			// At this point unconditionally we bail out
			// Either uDNS_DeregisterRecord will have completed synchronously, and called CompleteDeregistration,
			// which calls us back here with RequireGoodbye set to false, or it will have initiated the deregistration
			// process and will complete asynchronously. Either way we don't need to do anything more here.
			return(mStatus_NoError);
			}
		// Sometimes the records don't complete proper deregistration i.e., don't wait for a response
		// from the server. In that case, if the records have been part of a group update, clear the
		// state here. Some recors e.g., AutoTunnel gets reused without ever being completely initialized
		rr->updateid = zeroID;

		// We defer cleaning up NAT state only after sending goodbyes. This is important because
		// RecordRegistrationGotZoneData guards against creating NAT state if clientContext is non-NULL.
		// This happens today when we turn on/off interface where we get multiple network transitions
		// and RestartRecordGetZoneData triggers re-registration of the resource records even though
		// they may be in Registered state which causes NAT information to be setup multiple times. Defering
		// the cleanup here keeps clientContext non-NULL and hence prevents that. Note that cleaning up
		// NAT state here takes care of the case where we did not send goodbyes at all.
		if (rr->NATinfo.clientContext)
			{
			mDNS_StopNATOperation_internal(m, &rr->NATinfo);
			rr->NATinfo.clientContext = mDNSNULL;
			}
		if (rr->nta) { CancelGetZoneData(m, rr->nta); rr->nta = mDNSNULL; }
		if (rr->tcp) { DisposeTCPConn(rr->tcp);       rr->tcp = mDNSNULL; }
		}
#endif // UNICAST_DISABLED

	if      (RecordType == kDNSRecordTypeUnregistered)
		LogMsg("mDNS_Deregister_internal: %s already marked kDNSRecordTypeUnregistered", ARDisplayString(m, rr));
	else if (RecordType == kDNSRecordTypeDeregistering)
		{
		LogMsg("mDNS_Deregister_internal: %s already marked kDNSRecordTypeDeregistering", ARDisplayString(m, rr));
		return(mStatus_BadReferenceErr);
		}

	// <rdar://problem/7457925> Local-only questions don't get remove events for unique records
	// We may want to consider changing this code so that we generate local-only question "rmv"
	// events (and maybe goodbye packets too) for unique records as well as for shared records
	// Note: If we change the logic for this "if" statement, need to ensure that the code in
	// CompleteDeregistration() sets the appropriate state variables to gaurantee that "else"
	// clause will execute here and the record will be cut from the list.
	if (rr->WakeUp.HMAC.l[0] ||
		(RecordType == kDNSRecordTypeShared && (rr->RequireGoodbye || rr->AnsweredLocalQ)))
		{
		verbosedebugf("mDNS_Deregister_internal: Starting deregistration for %s", ARDisplayString(m, rr));
		rr->resrec.RecordType    = kDNSRecordTypeDeregistering;
		rr->resrec.rroriginalttl = 0;
		rr->AnnounceCount        = rr->WakeUp.HMAC.l[0] ? WakeupCount : (drt == mDNS_Dereg_rapid) ? 1 : GoodbyeCount;
		rr->ThisAPInterval       = mDNSPlatformOneSecond * 2;
		rr->LastAPTime           = m->timenow - rr->ThisAPInterval;
		m->LocalRemoveEvents     = mDNStrue;
		if (m->NextScheduledResponse - (m->timenow + mDNSPlatformOneSecond/10) >= 0)
			m->NextScheduledResponse = (m->timenow + mDNSPlatformOneSecond/10);
		}
	else
		{
		*p = rr->next;					// Cut this record from the list
		// If someone is about to look at this, bump the pointer forward
		if (m->CurrentRecord   == rr) m->CurrentRecord   = rr->next;
		if (m->NewLocalRecords == rr) m->NewLocalRecords = rr->next;
		rr->next = mDNSNULL;

		// Should we generate local remove events here?
		// i.e. something like:
		// if (rr->AnsweredLocalQ) { AnswerAllLocalQuestionsWithLocalAuthRecord(m, rr, mDNSfalse); rr->AnsweredLocalQ = mDNSfalse; }

		verbosedebugf("mDNS_Deregister_internal: Deleting record for %s", ARDisplayString(m, rr));
		rr->resrec.RecordType = kDNSRecordTypeUnregistered;

		if ((drt == mDNS_Dereg_conflict || drt == mDNS_Dereg_repeat) && RecordType == kDNSRecordTypeShared)
			debugf("mDNS_Deregister_internal: Cannot have a conflict on a shared record! %##s (%s)",
				rr->resrec.name->c, DNSTypeName(rr->resrec.rrtype));

		// If we have an update queued up which never executed, give the client a chance to free that memory
		if (rr->NewRData) CompleteRDataUpdate(m, rr);	// Update our rdata, clear the NewRData pointer, and return memory to the client


		// CAUTION: MUST NOT do anything more with rr after calling rr->Callback(), because the client's callback function
		// is allowed to do anything, including starting/stopping queries, registering/deregistering records, etc.
		// In this case the likely client action to the mStatus_MemFree message is to free the memory,
		// so any attempt to touch rr after this is likely to lead to a crash.
		if (drt != mDNS_Dereg_conflict)
			{
			mDNS_DropLockBeforeCallback();		// Allow client to legally make mDNS API calls from the callback
			LogInfo("mDNS_Deregister_internal: mStatus_MemFree for %s", ARDisplayString(m, rr));
			if (rr->RecordCallback)
				rr->RecordCallback(m, rr, mStatus_MemFree);			// MUST NOT touch rr after this
			mDNS_ReclaimLockAfterCallback();	// Decrement mDNS_reentrancy to block mDNS API calls again
			}
		else
			{
			RecordProbeFailure(m, rr);
			mDNS_DropLockBeforeCallback();		// Allow client to legally make mDNS API calls from the callback
			if (rr->RecordCallback)
				rr->RecordCallback(m, rr, mStatus_NameConflict);	// MUST NOT touch rr after this
			mDNS_ReclaimLockAfterCallback();	// Decrement mDNS_reentrancy to block mDNS API calls again
			// Now that we've finished deregistering rr, check our DuplicateRecords list for any that we marked previously.
			// Note that with all the client callbacks going on, by the time we get here all the
			// records we marked may have been explicitly deregistered by the client anyway.
			r2 = m->DuplicateRecords;
			while (r2)
				{
				if (r2->ProbeCount != 0xFF) r2 = r2->next;
				else { mDNS_Deregister_internal(m, r2, mDNS_Dereg_conflict); r2 = m->DuplicateRecords; }
				}
			}
		}
	mDNS_UpdateAllowSleep(m);
	return(mStatus_NoError);
	}

// ***************************************************************************
#if COMPILER_LIKES_PRAGMA_MARK
#pragma mark -
#pragma mark - Packet Sending Functions
#endif

mDNSlocal void AddRecordToResponseList(AuthRecord ***nrpp, AuthRecord *rr, AuthRecord *add)
	{
	if (rr->NextResponse == mDNSNULL && *nrpp != &rr->NextResponse)
		{
		**nrpp = rr;
		// NR_AdditionalTo must point to a record with NR_AnswerTo set (and not NR_AdditionalTo)
		// If 'add' does not meet this requirement, then follow its NR_AdditionalTo pointer to a record that does
		// The referenced record will definitely be acceptable (by recursive application of this rule)
		if (add && add->NR_AdditionalTo) add = add->NR_AdditionalTo;
		rr->NR_AdditionalTo = add;
		*nrpp = &rr->NextResponse;
		}
	debugf("AddRecordToResponseList: %##s (%s) already in list", rr->resrec.name->c, DNSTypeName(rr->resrec.rrtype));
	}

mDNSlocal void AddAdditionalsToResponseList(mDNS *const m, AuthRecord *ResponseRecords, AuthRecord ***nrpp, const mDNSInterfaceID InterfaceID)
	{
	AuthRecord  *rr, *rr2;
	for (rr=ResponseRecords; rr; rr=rr->NextResponse)			// For each record we plan to put
		{
		// (Note: This is an "if", not a "while". If we add a record, we'll find it again
		// later in the "for" loop, and we will follow further "additional" links then.)
		if (rr->Additional1 && ResourceRecordIsValidInterfaceAnswer(rr->Additional1, InterfaceID))
			AddRecordToResponseList(nrpp, rr->Additional1, rr);

		if (rr->Additional2 && ResourceRecordIsValidInterfaceAnswer(rr->Additional2, InterfaceID))
			AddRecordToResponseList(nrpp, rr->Additional2, rr);

		// For SRV records, automatically add the Address record(s) for the target host
		if (rr->resrec.rrtype == kDNSType_SRV)
			{
			for (rr2=m->ResourceRecords; rr2; rr2=rr2->next)					// Scan list of resource records
				if (RRTypeIsAddressType(rr2->resrec.rrtype) &&					// For all address records (A/AAAA) ...
					ResourceRecordIsValidInterfaceAnswer(rr2, InterfaceID) &&	// ... which are valid for answer ...
					rr->resrec.rdatahash == rr2->resrec.namehash &&			// ... whose name is the name of the SRV target
					SameDomainName(&rr->resrec.rdata->u.srv.target, rr2->resrec.name))
					AddRecordToResponseList(nrpp, rr2, rr);
			}
		else if (RRTypeIsAddressType(rr->resrec.rrtype))	// For A or AAAA, put counterpart as additional
			{
			for (rr2=m->ResourceRecords; rr2; rr2=rr2->next)					// Scan list of resource records
				if (RRTypeIsAddressType(rr2->resrec.rrtype) &&					// For all address records (A/AAAA) ...
					ResourceRecordIsValidInterfaceAnswer(rr2, InterfaceID) &&	// ... which are valid for answer ...
					rr->resrec.namehash == rr2->resrec.namehash &&				// ... and have the same name
					SameDomainName(rr->resrec.name, rr2->resrec.name))
					AddRecordToResponseList(nrpp, rr2, rr);
			}
		else if (rr->resrec.rrtype == kDNSType_PTR)			// For service PTR, see if we want to add DeviceInfo record
			{
			if (ResourceRecordIsValidInterfaceAnswer(&m->DeviceInfo, InterfaceID) &&
				SameDomainLabel(rr->resrec.rdata->u.name.c, m->DeviceInfo.resrec.name->c))
				AddRecordToResponseList(nrpp, &m->DeviceInfo, rr);
			}
		}
	}

mDNSlocal void SendDelayedUnicastResponse(mDNS *const m, const mDNSAddr *const dest, const mDNSInterfaceID InterfaceID)
	{
	AuthRecord *rr;
	AuthRecord  *ResponseRecords = mDNSNULL;
	AuthRecord **nrp             = &ResponseRecords;

	// Make a list of all our records that need to be unicast to this destination
	for (rr = m->ResourceRecords; rr; rr=rr->next)
		{
		// If we find we can no longer unicast this answer, clear ImmedUnicast
		if (rr->ImmedAnswer == mDNSInterfaceMark               ||
			mDNSSameIPv4Address(rr->v4Requester, onesIPv4Addr) ||
			mDNSSameIPv6Address(rr->v6Requester, onesIPv6Addr)  )
			rr->ImmedUnicast = mDNSfalse;

		if (rr->ImmedUnicast && rr->ImmedAnswer == InterfaceID)
			if ((dest->type == mDNSAddrType_IPv4 && mDNSSameIPv4Address(rr->v4Requester, dest->ip.v4)) ||
				(dest->type == mDNSAddrType_IPv6 && mDNSSameIPv6Address(rr->v6Requester, dest->ip.v6)))
				{
				rr->ImmedAnswer  = mDNSNULL;				// Clear the state fields
				rr->ImmedUnicast = mDNSfalse;
				rr->v4Requester  = zerov4Addr;
				rr->v6Requester  = zerov6Addr;
				if (rr->NextResponse == mDNSNULL && nrp != &rr->NextResponse)	// rr->NR_AnswerTo
					{ rr->NR_AnswerTo = (mDNSu8*)~0; *nrp = rr; nrp = &rr->NextResponse; }
				}
		}

	AddAdditionalsToResponseList(m, ResponseRecords, &nrp, InterfaceID);

	while (ResponseRecords)
		{
		mDNSu8 *responseptr = m->omsg.data;
		mDNSu8 *newptr;
		InitializeDNSMessage(&m->omsg.h, zeroID, ResponseFlags);
		
		// Put answers in the packet
		while (ResponseRecords && ResponseRecords->NR_AnswerTo)
			{
			rr = ResponseRecords;
			if (rr->resrec.RecordType & kDNSRecordTypeUniqueMask)
				rr->resrec.rrclass |= kDNSClass_UniqueRRSet;		// Temporarily set the cache flush bit so PutResourceRecord will set it
			newptr = PutResourceRecord(&m->omsg, responseptr, &m->omsg.h.numAnswers, &rr->resrec);
			rr->resrec.rrclass &= ~kDNSClass_UniqueRRSet;			// Make sure to clear cache flush bit back to normal state
			if (!newptr && m->omsg.h.numAnswers) break;	// If packet full, send it now
			if (newptr) responseptr = newptr;
			ResponseRecords = rr->NextResponse;
			rr->NextResponse    = mDNSNULL;
			rr->NR_AnswerTo     = mDNSNULL;
			rr->NR_AdditionalTo = mDNSNULL;
			rr->RequireGoodbye  = mDNStrue;
			}
		
		// Add additionals, if there's space
		while (ResponseRecords && !ResponseRecords->NR_AnswerTo)
			{
			rr = ResponseRecords;
			if (rr->resrec.RecordType & kDNSRecordTypeUniqueMask)
				rr->resrec.rrclass |= kDNSClass_UniqueRRSet;		// Temporarily set the cache flush bit so PutResourceRecord will set it
			newptr = PutResourceRecord(&m->omsg, responseptr, &m->omsg.h.numAdditionals, &rr->resrec);
			rr->resrec.rrclass &= ~kDNSClass_UniqueRRSet;			// Make sure to clear cache flush bit back to normal state
			
			if (newptr) responseptr = newptr;
			if (newptr && m->omsg.h.numAnswers) rr->RequireGoodbye = mDNStrue;
			else if (rr->resrec.RecordType & kDNSRecordTypeUniqueMask) rr->ImmedAnswer = mDNSInterfaceMark;
			ResponseRecords = rr->NextResponse;
			rr->NextResponse    = mDNSNULL;
			rr->NR_AnswerTo     = mDNSNULL;
			rr->NR_AdditionalTo = mDNSNULL;
			}

		if (m->omsg.h.numAnswers)
			mDNSSendDNSMessage(m, &m->omsg, responseptr, mDNSInterface_Any, mDNSNULL, dest, MulticastDNSPort, mDNSNULL, mDNSNULL);
		}
	}

// CompleteDeregistration guarantees that on exit the record will have been cut from the m->ResourceRecords list
// and the client's mStatus_MemFree callback will have been invoked
mDNSexport void CompleteDeregistration(mDNS *const m, AuthRecord *rr)
	{
	LogInfo("CompleteDeregistration: called for Resource record %s", ARDisplayString(m, rr));
	// Clearing rr->RequireGoodbye signals mDNS_Deregister_internal() that
	// it should go ahead and immediately dispose of this registration
	rr->resrec.RecordType = kDNSRecordTypeShared;
	rr->RequireGoodbye    = mDNSfalse;
	rr->WakeUp.HMAC       = zeroEthAddr;
	if (rr->AnsweredLocalQ) { AnswerAllLocalQuestionsWithLocalAuthRecord(m, rr, mDNSfalse); rr->AnsweredLocalQ = mDNSfalse; }
	mDNS_Deregister_internal(m, rr, mDNS_Dereg_normal);		// Don't touch rr after this
	}

// DiscardDeregistrations is used on shutdown and sleep to discard (forcibly and immediately)
// any deregistering records that remain in the m->ResourceRecords list.
// DiscardDeregistrations calls mDNS_Deregister_internal which can call a user callback,
// which may change the record list and/or question list.
// Any code walking either list must use the CurrentQuestion and/or CurrentRecord mechanism to protect against this.
mDNSlocal void DiscardDeregistrations(mDNS *const m)
	{
	if (m->CurrentRecord)
		LogMsg("DiscardDeregistrations ERROR m->CurrentRecord already set %s", ARDisplayString(m, m->CurrentRecord));
	m->CurrentRecord = m->ResourceRecords;
	
	while (m->CurrentRecord)
		{
		AuthRecord *rr = m->CurrentRecord;
		if (!AuthRecord_uDNS(rr) && rr->resrec.RecordType == kDNSRecordTypeDeregistering)
			CompleteDeregistration(m, rr);		// Don't touch rr after this
		else
			m->CurrentRecord = rr->next;
		}
	}

mDNSlocal mStatus GetLabelDecimalValue(const mDNSu8 *const src, mDNSu8 *dst)
	{
	int i, val = 0;
	if (src[0] < 1 || src[0] > 3) return(mStatus_Invalid);
	for (i=1; i<=src[0]; i++)
		{
		if (src[i] < '0' || src[i] > '9') return(mStatus_Invalid);
		val = val * 10 + src[i] - '0';
		}
	if (val > 255) return(mStatus_Invalid);
	*dst = (mDNSu8)val;
	return(mStatus_NoError);
	}

mDNSlocal mStatus GetIPv4FromName(mDNSAddr *const a, const domainname *const name)
	{
	int skip = CountLabels(name) - 6;
	if (skip < 0) { LogMsg("GetIPFromName: Need six labels in IPv4 reverse mapping name %##s", name); return mStatus_Invalid; }
	if (GetLabelDecimalValue(SkipLeadingLabels(name, skip+3)->c, &a->ip.v4.b[0]) ||
		GetLabelDecimalValue(SkipLeadingLabels(name, skip+2)->c, &a->ip.v4.b[1]) ||
		GetLabelDecimalValue(SkipLeadingLabels(name, skip+1)->c, &a->ip.v4.b[2]) ||
		GetLabelDecimalValue(SkipLeadingLabels(name, skip+0)->c, &a->ip.v4.b[3])) return mStatus_Invalid;
	a->type = mDNSAddrType_IPv4;
	return(mStatus_NoError);
	}

#define HexVal(X) ( ((X) >= '0' && (X) <= '9') ? ((X) - '0'     ) :   \
					((X) >= 'A' && (X) <= 'F') ? ((X) - 'A' + 10) :   \
					((X) >= 'a' && (X) <= 'f') ? ((X) - 'a' + 10) : -1)

mDNSlocal mStatus GetIPv6FromName(mDNSAddr *const a, const domainname *const name)
	{
	int i, h, l;
	const domainname *n;

	int skip = CountLabels(name) - 34;
	if (skip < 0) { LogMsg("GetIPFromName: Need 34 labels in IPv6 reverse mapping name %##s", name); return mStatus_Invalid; }

	n = SkipLeadingLabels(name, skip);
	for (i=0; i<16; i++)
		{
		if (n->c[0] != 1) return mStatus_Invalid;
		l = HexVal(n->c[1]);
		n = (const domainname *)(n->c + 2);

		if (n->c[0] != 1) return mStatus_Invalid;
		h = HexVal(n->c[1]);
		n = (const domainname *)(n->c + 2);

		if (l<0 || h<0) return mStatus_Invalid;
		a->ip.v6.b[15-i] = (mDNSu8)((h << 4) | l);
		}

	a->type = mDNSAddrType_IPv6;
	return(mStatus_NoError);
	}

mDNSlocal mDNSs32 ReverseMapDomainType(const domainname *const name)
	{
	int skip = CountLabels(name) - 2;
	if (skip >= 0)
		{
		const domainname *suffix = SkipLeadingLabels(name, skip);
		if (SameDomainName(suffix, (const domainname*)"\x7" "in-addr" "\x4" "arpa")) return mDNSAddrType_IPv4;
		if (SameDomainName(suffix, (const domainname*)"\x3" "ip6"     "\x4" "arpa")) return mDNSAddrType_IPv6;
		}
	return(mDNSAddrType_None);
	}

mDNSlocal void SendARP(mDNS *const m, const mDNSu8 op, const AuthRecord *const rr,
	const mDNSv4Addr *const spa, const mDNSEthAddr *const tha, const mDNSv4Addr *const tpa, const mDNSEthAddr *const dst)
	{
	int i;
	mDNSu8 *ptr = m->omsg.data;
	NetworkInterfaceInfo *intf = FirstInterfaceForID(m, rr->resrec.InterfaceID);
	if (!intf) { LogMsg("SendARP: No interface with InterfaceID %p found %s", rr->resrec.InterfaceID, ARDisplayString(m,rr)); return; }

	// 0x00 Destination address
	for (i=0; i<6; i++) *ptr++ = dst->b[i];

	// 0x06 Source address (Note: Since we don't currently set the BIOCSHDRCMPLT option, BPF will fill in the real interface address for us)
	for (i=0; i<6; i++) *ptr++ = intf->MAC.b[0];

	// 0x0C ARP Ethertype (0x0806)
	*ptr++ = 0x08; *ptr++ = 0x06;

	// 0x0E ARP header
	*ptr++ = 0x00; *ptr++ = 0x01;	// Hardware address space; Ethernet = 1
	*ptr++ = 0x08; *ptr++ = 0x00;	// Protocol address space; IP = 0x0800
	*ptr++ = 6;						// Hardware address length
	*ptr++ = 4;						// Protocol address length
	*ptr++ = 0x00; *ptr++ = op;		// opcode; Request = 1, Response = 2

	// 0x16 Sender hardware address (our MAC address)
	for (i=0; i<6; i++) *ptr++ = intf->MAC.b[i];

	// 0x1C Sender protocol address
	for (i=0; i<4; i++) *ptr++ = spa->b[i];

	// 0x20 Target hardware address
	for (i=0; i<6; i++) *ptr++ = tha->b[i];

	// 0x26 Target protocol address
	for (i=0; i<4; i++) *ptr++ = tpa->b[i];

	// 0x2A Total ARP Packet length 42 bytes
	mDNSPlatformSendRawPacket(m->omsg.data, ptr, rr->resrec.InterfaceID);
	}

mDNSlocal mDNSu16 CheckSum(const void *const data, mDNSs32 length, mDNSu32 sum)
	{
	const mDNSu16 *ptr = data;
	while (length > 0) { length -= 2; sum += *ptr++; }
	sum = (sum & 0xFFFF) + (sum >> 16);
	sum = (sum & 0xFFFF) + (sum >> 16);
	return(sum != 0xFFFF ? sum : 0);
	}

mDNSlocal mDNSu16 IPv6CheckSum(const mDNSv6Addr *const src, const mDNSv6Addr *const dst, const mDNSu8 protocol, const void *const data, const mDNSu32 length)
	{
	IPv6PseudoHeader ph;
	ph.src = *src;
	ph.dst = *dst;
	ph.len.b[0] = length >> 24;
	ph.len.b[1] = length >> 16;
	ph.len.b[2] = length >> 8;
	ph.len.b[3] = length;
	ph.pro.b[0] = 0;
	ph.pro.b[1] = 0;
	ph.pro.b[2] = 0;
	ph.pro.b[3] = protocol;
	return CheckSum(&ph, sizeof(ph), CheckSum(data, length, 0));
	}

mDNSlocal void SendNDP(mDNS *const m, const mDNSu8 op, const mDNSu8 flags, const AuthRecord *const rr,
	const mDNSv6Addr *const spa, const mDNSEthAddr *const tha, const mDNSv6Addr *const tpa, const mDNSEthAddr *const dst)
	{
	int i;
	mDNSOpaque16 checksum;
	mDNSu8 *ptr = m->omsg.data;
	// Some recipient hosts seem to ignore Neighbor Solicitations if the IPv6-layer destination address is not the
	// appropriate IPv6 solicited node multicast address, so we use that IPv6-layer destination address, even though
	// at the Ethernet-layer we unicast the packet to the intended target, to avoid wasting network bandwidth.
	const mDNSv6Addr mc = { { 0xFF,0x02,0x00,0x00, 0,0,0,0, 0,0,0,1, 0xFF,tpa->b[0xD],tpa->b[0xE],tpa->b[0xF] } };
	const mDNSv6Addr *const v6dst = (op == NDP_Sol) ? &mc : tpa;
	NetworkInterfaceInfo *intf = FirstInterfaceForID(m, rr->resrec.InterfaceID);
	if (!intf) { LogMsg("SendNDP: No interface with InterfaceID %p found %s", rr->resrec.InterfaceID, ARDisplayString(m,rr)); return; }

	// 0x00 Destination address
	for (i=0; i<6; i++) *ptr++ = dst->b[i];
	// Right now we only send Neighbor Solicitations to verify whether the host we're proxying for has gone to sleep yet.
	// Since we know who we're looking for, we send it via Ethernet-layer unicast, rather than bothering every host on the
	// link with a pointless link-layer multicast.
	// Should we want to send traditional Neighbor Solicitations in the future, where we really don't know in advance what
	// Ethernet-layer address we're looking for, we'll need to send to the appropriate Ethernet-layer multicast address:
	// *ptr++ = 0x33;
	// *ptr++ = 0x33;
	// *ptr++ = 0xFF;
	// *ptr++ = tpa->b[0xD];
	// *ptr++ = tpa->b[0xE];
	// *ptr++ = tpa->b[0xF];

	// 0x06 Source address (Note: Since we don't currently set the BIOCSHDRCMPLT option, BPF will fill in the real interface address for us)
	for (i=0; i<6; i++) *ptr++ = (tha ? *tha : intf->MAC).b[i];

	// 0x0C IPv6 Ethertype (0x86DD)
	*ptr++ = 0x86; *ptr++ = 0xDD;

	// 0x0E IPv6 header
	*ptr++ = 0x60; *ptr++ = 0x00; *ptr++ = 0x00; *ptr++ = 0x00;		// Version, Traffic Class, Flow Label
	*ptr++ = 0x00; *ptr++ = 0x20;									// Length
	*ptr++ = 0x3A;													// Protocol == ICMPv6
	*ptr++ = 0xFF;													// Hop Limit

	// 0x16 Sender IPv6 address
	for (i=0; i<16; i++) *ptr++ = spa->b[i];

	// 0x26 Destination IPv6 address
	for (i=0; i<16; i++) *ptr++ = v6dst->b[i];

	// 0x36 NDP header
	*ptr++ = op;					// 0x87 == Neighbor Solicitation, 0x88 == Neighbor Advertisement
	*ptr++ = 0x00;					// Code
	*ptr++ = 0x00; *ptr++ = 0x00;	// Checksum placeholder (0x38, 0x39)
	*ptr++ = flags;
	*ptr++ = 0x00; *ptr++ = 0x00; *ptr++ = 0x00;

	if (op == NDP_Sol)	// Neighbor Solicitation. The NDP "target" is the address we seek.
		{
		// 0x3E NDP target.
		for (i=0; i<16; i++) *ptr++ = tpa->b[i];
		// 0x4E Source Link-layer Address
		// <http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2461.txt>
		// MUST NOT be included when the source IP address is the unspecified address.
		// Otherwise, on link layers that have addresses this option MUST be included
		// in multicast solicitations and SHOULD be included in unicast solicitations.
		if (!mDNSIPv6AddressIsZero(*spa))
			{
			*ptr++ = NDP_SrcLL;	// Option Type 1 == Source Link-layer Address
			*ptr++ = 0x01;		// Option length 1 (in units of 8 octets)
			for (i=0; i<6; i++) *ptr++ = (tha ? *tha : intf->MAC).b[i];
			}
		}
	else			// Neighbor Advertisement. The NDP "target" is the address we're giving information about.
		{
		// 0x3E NDP target.
		for (i=0; i<16; i++) *ptr++ = spa->b[i];
		// 0x4E Target Link-layer Address
		*ptr++ = NDP_TgtLL;	// Option Type 2 == Target Link-layer Address
		*ptr++ = 0x01;		// Option length 1 (in units of 8 octets)
		for (i=0; i<6; i++) *ptr++ = (tha ? *tha : intf->MAC).b[i];
		}

	// 0x4E or 0x56 Total NDP Packet length 78 or 86 bytes
	m->omsg.data[0x13] = ptr - &m->omsg.data[0x36];		// Compute actual length
	checksum.NotAnInteger = ~IPv6CheckSum(spa, v6dst, 0x3A, &m->omsg.data[0x36], m->omsg.data[0x13]);
	m->omsg.data[0x38] = checksum.b[0];
	m->omsg.data[0x39] = checksum.b[1];

	mDNSPlatformSendRawPacket(m->omsg.data, ptr, rr->resrec.InterfaceID);
	}

mDNSlocal void SetupOwnerOpt(const mDNS *const m, const NetworkInterfaceInfo *const intf, rdataOPT *const owner)
	{
	owner->u.owner.vers     = 0;
	owner->u.owner.seq      = m->SleepSeqNum;
	owner->u.owner.HMAC     = m->PrimaryMAC;
	owner->u.owner.IMAC     = intf->MAC;
	owner->u.owner.password = zeroEthAddr;

	// Don't try to compute the optlen until *after* we've set up the data fields
	// Right now the DNSOpt_Owner_Space macro does not depend on the owner->u.owner being set up correctly, but in the future it might
	owner->opt              = kDNSOpt_Owner;
	owner->optlen           = DNSOpt_Owner_Space(&m->PrimaryMAC, &intf->MAC) - 4;
	}

mDNSlocal void GrantUpdateCredit(AuthRecord *rr)
	{
	if (++rr->UpdateCredits >= kMaxUpdateCredits) rr->NextUpdateCredit = 0;
	else rr->NextUpdateCredit = NonZeroTime(rr->NextUpdateCredit + kUpdateCreditRefreshInterval);
	}

// Note about acceleration of announcements to facilitate automatic coalescing of
// multiple independent threads of announcements into a single synchronized thread:
// The announcements in the packet may be at different stages of maturity;
// One-second interval, two-second interval, four-second interval, and so on.
// After we've put in all the announcements that are due, we then consider
// whether there are other nearly-due announcements that are worth accelerating.
// To be eligible for acceleration, a record MUST NOT be older (further along
// its timeline) than the most mature record we've already put in the packet.
// In other words, younger records can have their timelines accelerated to catch up
// with their elder bretheren; this narrows the age gap and helps them eventually get in sync.
// Older records cannot have their timelines accelerated; this would just widen
// the gap between them and their younger bretheren and get them even more out of sync.

// Note: SendResponses calls mDNS_Deregister_internal which can call a user callback, which may change
// the record list and/or question list.
// Any code walking either list must use the CurrentQuestion and/or CurrentRecord mechanism to protect against this.
mDNSlocal void SendResponses(mDNS *const m)
	{
	int pktcount = 0;
	AuthRecord *rr, *r2;
	mDNSs32 maxExistingAnnounceInterval = 0;
	const NetworkInterfaceInfo *intf = GetFirstActiveInterface(m->HostInterfaces);

	m->NextScheduledResponse = m->timenow + 0x78000000;

	if (m->SleepState == SleepState_Transferring) RetrySPSRegistrations(m);

	for (rr = m->ResourceRecords; rr; rr=rr->next)
		if (rr->ImmedUnicast)
			{
			mDNSAddr v4 = { mDNSAddrType_IPv4, {{{0}}} };
			mDNSAddr v6 = { mDNSAddrType_IPv6, {{{0}}} };
			v4.ip.v4 = rr->v4Requester;
			v6.ip.v6 = rr->v6Requester;
			if (!mDNSIPv4AddressIsZero(rr->v4Requester)) SendDelayedUnicastResponse(m, &v4, rr->ImmedAnswer);
			if (!mDNSIPv6AddressIsZero(rr->v6Requester)) SendDelayedUnicastResponse(m, &v6, rr->ImmedAnswer);
			if (rr->ImmedUnicast)
				{
				LogMsg("SendResponses: ERROR: rr->ImmedUnicast still set: %s", ARDisplayString(m, rr));
				rr->ImmedUnicast = mDNSfalse;
				}
			}

	// ***
	// *** 1. Setup: Set the SendRNow and ImmedAnswer fields to indicate which interface(s) the records need to be sent on
	// ***

	// Run through our list of records, and decide which ones we're going to announce on all interfaces
	for (rr = m->ResourceRecords; rr; rr=rr->next)
		{
		while (rr->NextUpdateCredit && m->timenow - rr->NextUpdateCredit >= 0) GrantUpdateCredit(rr);
		if (TimeToAnnounceThisRecord(rr, m->timenow))
			{
			if (rr->resrec.RecordType == kDNSRecordTypeDeregistering)
				{
				if (!rr->WakeUp.HMAC.l[0])
					{
					if (rr->AnnounceCount) rr->ImmedAnswer = mDNSInterfaceMark;		// Send goodbye packet on all interfaces
					}
				else
					{
					LogSPS("SendResponses: Sending wakeup %2d for %.6a %s", rr->AnnounceCount-3, &rr->WakeUp.IMAC, ARDisplayString(m, rr));
					SendWakeup(m, rr->resrec.InterfaceID, &rr->WakeUp.IMAC, &rr->WakeUp.password);
					for (r2 = rr; r2; r2=r2->next)
						if (r2->AnnounceCount && r2->resrec.InterfaceID == rr->resrec.InterfaceID && mDNSSameEthAddress(&r2->WakeUp.IMAC, &rr->WakeUp.IMAC))
							{
							// For now we only want to send a single Unsolicited Neighbor Advertisement restoring the address to the original
							// owner, because these packets can cause some IPv6 stacks to falsely conclude that there's an address conflict.
							if (r2->AddressProxy.type == mDNSAddrType_IPv6 && r2->AnnounceCount == WakeupCount)
								{
								LogSPS("NDP Announcement %2d Releasing traffic for H-MAC %.6a I-MAC %.6a %s",
									r2->AnnounceCount-3, &r2->WakeUp.HMAC, &r2->WakeUp.IMAC, ARDisplayString(m,r2));
								SendNDP(m, NDP_Adv, NDP_Override, r2, &r2->AddressProxy.ip.v6, &r2->WakeUp.IMAC, &AllHosts_v6, &AllHosts_v6_Eth);
								}
							r2->LastAPTime = m->timenow;
							if (--r2->AnnounceCount <= GoodbyeCount) r2->WakeUp.HMAC = zeroEthAddr;
							}
					}
				}
			else if (ResourceRecordIsValidAnswer(rr))
				{
				if (rr->AddressProxy.type)
					{
					rr->AnnounceCount--;
					rr->ThisAPInterval *= 2;
					rr->LastAPTime = m->timenow;
					if (rr->AddressProxy.type == mDNSAddrType_IPv4)
						{
						LogSPS("ARP Announcement %2d Capturing traffic for H-MAC %.6a I-MAC %.6a %s",
							rr->AnnounceCount, &rr->WakeUp.HMAC, &rr->WakeUp.IMAC, ARDisplayString(m,rr));
						SendARP(m, 1, rr, &rr->AddressProxy.ip.v4, &zeroEthAddr, &rr->AddressProxy.ip.v4, &onesEthAddr);
						}
					else if (rr->AddressProxy.type == mDNSAddrType_IPv6)
						{
						LogSPS("NDP Announcement %2d Capturing traffic for H-MAC %.6a I-MAC %.6a %s",
							rr->AnnounceCount, &rr->WakeUp.HMAC, &rr->WakeUp.IMAC, ARDisplayString(m,rr));
						SendNDP(m, NDP_Adv, NDP_Override, rr, &rr->AddressProxy.ip.v6, mDNSNULL, &AllHosts_v6, &AllHosts_v6_Eth);
						}
					}
				else
					{
					rr->ImmedAnswer = mDNSInterfaceMark;		// Send on all interfaces
					if (maxExistingAnnounceInterval < rr->ThisAPInterval)
						maxExistingAnnounceInterval = rr->ThisAPInterval;
					if (rr->UpdateBlocked) rr->UpdateBlocked = 0;
					}
				}
			}
		}

	// Any interface-specific records we're going to send are marked as being sent on all appropriate interfaces (which is just one)
	// Eligible records that are more than half-way to their announcement time are accelerated
	for (rr = m->ResourceRecords; rr; rr=rr->next)
		if ((rr->resrec.InterfaceID && rr->ImmedAnswer) ||
			(rr->ThisAPInterval <= maxExistingAnnounceInterval &&
			TimeToAnnounceThisRecord(rr, m->timenow + rr->ThisAPInterval/2) &&
			!rr->AddressProxy.type && 					// Don't include ARP Annoucements when considering which records to accelerate
			ResourceRecordIsValidAnswer(rr)))
			rr->ImmedAnswer = mDNSInterfaceMark;		// Send on all interfaces

	// When sending SRV records (particularly when announcing a new service) automatically add related Address record(s) as additionals
	// Note: Currently all address records are interface-specific, so it's safe to set ImmedAdditional to their InterfaceID,
	// which will be non-null. If by some chance there is an address record that's not interface-specific (should never happen)
	// then all that means is that it won't get sent -- which would not be the end of the world.
	for (rr = m->ResourceRecords; rr; rr=rr->next)
		{
		if (rr->ImmedAnswer && rr->resrec.rrtype == kDNSType_SRV)
			for (r2=m->ResourceRecords; r2; r2=r2->next)				// Scan list of resource records
				if (RRTypeIsAddressType(r2->resrec.rrtype) &&			// For all address records (A/AAAA) ...
					ResourceRecordIsValidAnswer(r2) &&					// ... which are valid for answer ...
					rr->LastMCTime - r2->LastMCTime >= 0 &&				// ... which we have not sent recently ...
					rr->resrec.rdatahash == r2->resrec.namehash &&		// ... whose name is the name of the SRV target
					SameDomainName(&rr->resrec.rdata->u.srv.target, r2->resrec.name) &&
					(rr->ImmedAnswer == mDNSInterfaceMark || rr->ImmedAnswer == r2->resrec.InterfaceID))
					r2->ImmedAdditional = r2->resrec.InterfaceID;		// ... then mark this address record for sending too
		// We also make sure we send the DeviceInfo TXT record too, if necessary
		// We check for RecordType == kDNSRecordTypeShared because we don't want to tag the
		// DeviceInfo TXT record onto a goodbye packet (RecordType == kDNSRecordTypeDeregistering).
		if (rr->ImmedAnswer && rr->resrec.RecordType == kDNSRecordTypeShared && rr->resrec.rrtype == kDNSType_PTR)
			if (ResourceRecordIsValidAnswer(&m->DeviceInfo) && SameDomainLabel(rr->resrec.rdata->u.name.c, m->DeviceInfo.resrec.name->c))
				{
				if (!m->DeviceInfo.ImmedAnswer) m->DeviceInfo.ImmedAnswer = rr->ImmedAnswer;
				else                            m->DeviceInfo.ImmedAnswer = mDNSInterfaceMark;
				}
		}

	// If there's a record which is supposed to be unique that we're going to send, then make sure that we give
	// the whole RRSet as an atomic unit. That means that if we have any other records with the same name/type/class
	// then we need to mark them for sending too. Otherwise, if we set the kDNSClass_UniqueRRSet bit on a
	// record, then other RRSet members that have not been sent recently will get flushed out of client caches.
	// -- If a record is marked to be sent on a certain interface, make sure the whole set is marked to be sent on that interface
	// -- If any record is marked to be sent on all interfaces, make sure the whole set is marked to be sent on all interfaces
	for (rr = m->ResourceRecords; rr; rr=rr->next)
		if (rr->resrec.RecordType & kDNSRecordTypeUniqueMask)
			{
			if (rr->ImmedAnswer)			// If we're sending this as answer, see that its whole RRSet is similarly marked
				{
				for (r2 = m->ResourceRecords; r2; r2=r2->next)
					if (ResourceRecordIsValidAnswer(r2))
						if (r2->ImmedAnswer != mDNSInterfaceMark &&
							r2->ImmedAnswer != rr->ImmedAnswer && SameResourceRecordSignature(r2, rr))
							r2->ImmedAnswer = !r2->ImmedAnswer ? rr->ImmedAnswer : mDNSInterfaceMark;
				}
			else if (rr->ImmedAdditional)	// If we're sending this as additional, see that its whole RRSet is similarly marked
				{
				for (r2 = m->ResourceRecords; r2; r2=r2->next)
					if (ResourceRecordIsValidAnswer(r2))
						if (r2->ImmedAdditional != rr->ImmedAdditional && SameResourceRecordSignature(r2, rr))
							r2->ImmedAdditional = rr->ImmedAdditional;
				}
			}

	// Now set SendRNow state appropriately
	for (rr = m->ResourceRecords; rr; rr=rr->next)
		{
		if (rr->ImmedAnswer == mDNSInterfaceMark)		// Sending this record on all appropriate interfaces
			{
			rr->SendRNow = !intf ? mDNSNULL : (rr->resrec.InterfaceID) ? rr->resrec.InterfaceID : intf->InterfaceID;
			rr->ImmedAdditional = mDNSNULL;				// No need to send as additional if sending as answer
			rr->LastMCTime      = m->timenow;
			rr->LastMCInterface = rr->ImmedAnswer;
			// If we're announcing this record, and it's at least half-way to its ordained time, then consider this announcement done
			if (TimeToAnnounceThisRecord(rr, m->timenow + rr->ThisAPInterval/2))
				{
				rr->AnnounceCount--;
				if (rr->resrec.RecordType != kDNSRecordTypeDeregistering)
					rr->ThisAPInterval *= 2;
				rr->LastAPTime = m->timenow;
				debugf("Announcing %##s (%s) %d", rr->resrec.name->c, DNSTypeName(rr->resrec.rrtype), rr->AnnounceCount);
				}
			}
		else if (rr->ImmedAnswer)						// Else, just respond to a single query on single interface:
			{
			rr->SendRNow        = rr->ImmedAnswer;		// Just respond on that interface
			rr->ImmedAdditional = mDNSNULL;				// No need to send as additional too
			rr->LastMCTime      = m->timenow;
			rr->LastMCInterface = rr->ImmedAnswer;
			}
		SetNextAnnounceProbeTime(m, rr);
		//if (rr->SendRNow) LogMsg("%-15.4a %s", &rr->v4Requester, ARDisplayString(m, rr));
		}

	// ***
	// *** 2. Loop through interface list, sending records as appropriate
	// ***

	while (intf)
		{
		const int OwnerRecordSpace = (m->AnnounceOwner && intf->MAC.l[0]) ? DNSOpt_Header_Space + DNSOpt_Owner_Space(&m->PrimaryMAC, &intf->MAC) : 0;
		int numDereg    = 0;
		int numAnnounce = 0;
		int numAnswer   = 0;
		mDNSu8 *responseptr = m->omsg.data;
		mDNSu8 *newptr;
		InitializeDNSMessage(&m->omsg.h, zeroID, ResponseFlags);
	
		// First Pass. Look for:
		// 1. Deregistering records that need to send their goodbye packet
		// 2. Updated records that need to retract their old data
		// 3. Answers and announcements we need to send
		for (rr = m->ResourceRecords; rr; rr=rr->next)
			{
			if (rr->SendRNow == intf->InterfaceID)
				{
				RData  *OldRData    = rr->resrec.rdata;
				mDNSu16 oldrdlength = rr->resrec.rdlength;
				mDNSu8 active = (mDNSu8)
					(rr->resrec.RecordType != kDNSRecordTypeDeregistering &&
					(m->SleepState != SleepState_Sleeping || intf->SPSAddr[0].type || intf->SPSAddr[1].type || intf->SPSAddr[2].type));
				newptr = mDNSNULL;
				if (rr->NewRData && active)
					{
					// See if we should send a courtesy "goodbye" for the old data before we replace it.
					if (ResourceRecordIsValidAnswer(rr) && rr->resrec.RecordType == kDNSRecordTypeShared && rr->RequireGoodbye)
						{
						newptr = PutRR_OS_TTL(responseptr, &m->omsg.h.numAnswers, &rr->resrec, 0);
						if (newptr) { responseptr = newptr; numDereg++; rr->RequireGoodbye = mDNSfalse; }
						else continue; // If this packet is already too full to hold the goodbye for this record, skip it for now and we'll retry later
						}
					SetNewRData(&rr->resrec, rr->NewRData, rr->newrdlength);
					}
				
				if (rr->resrec.RecordType & kDNSRecordTypeUniqueMask)
					rr->resrec.rrclass |= kDNSClass_UniqueRRSet;		// Temporarily set the cache flush bit so PutResourceRecord will set it
				newptr = PutRR_OS_TTL(responseptr, &m->omsg.h.numAnswers, &rr->resrec, active ? rr->resrec.rroriginalttl : 0);
				rr->resrec.rrclass &= ~kDNSClass_UniqueRRSet;			// Make sure to clear cache flush bit back to normal state
				if (newptr)
					{
					responseptr = newptr;
					rr->RequireGoodbye = active;
					if (rr->resrec.RecordType == kDNSRecordTypeDeregistering) numDereg++;
					else if (rr->LastAPTime == m->timenow) numAnnounce++; else numAnswer++;
					}

				if (rr->NewRData && active)
					SetNewRData(&rr->resrec, OldRData, oldrdlength);

				// The first time through (pktcount==0), if this record is verified unique
				// (i.e. typically A, AAAA, SRV, TXT and reverse-mapping PTR), set the flag to add an NSEC too.
				if (!pktcount && active && (rr->resrec.RecordType & kDNSRecordTypeActiveUniqueMask) && !rr->SendNSECNow)
					rr->SendNSECNow = mDNSInterfaceMark;

				if (newptr)		// If succeeded in sending, advance to next interface
					{
					// If sending on all interfaces, go to next interface; else we're finished now
					if (rr->ImmedAnswer == mDNSInterfaceMark && rr->resrec.InterfaceID == mDNSInterface_Any)
						rr->SendRNow = GetNextActiveInterfaceID(intf);
					else
						rr->SendRNow = mDNSNULL;
					}
				}
			}
	
		// Second Pass. Add additional records, if there's space.
		newptr = responseptr;
		for (rr = m->ResourceRecords; rr; rr=rr->next)
			if (rr->ImmedAdditional == intf->InterfaceID)
				if (ResourceRecordIsValidAnswer(rr))
					{
					// If we have at least one answer already in the packet, then plan to add additionals too
					mDNSBool SendAdditional = (m->omsg.h.numAnswers > 0);
					
					// If we're not planning to send any additionals, but this record is a unique one, then
					// make sure we haven't already sent any other members of its RRSet -- if we have, then they
					// will have had the cache flush bit set, so now we need to finish the job and send the rest.
					if (!SendAdditional && (rr->resrec.RecordType & kDNSRecordTypeUniqueMask))
						{
						const AuthRecord *a;
						for (a = m->ResourceRecords; a; a=a->next)
							if (a->LastMCTime      == m->timenow &&
								a->LastMCInterface == intf->InterfaceID &&
								SameResourceRecordSignature(a, rr)) { SendAdditional = mDNStrue; break; }
						}
					if (!SendAdditional)					// If we don't want to send this after all,
						rr->ImmedAdditional = mDNSNULL;		// then cancel its ImmedAdditional field
					else if (newptr)						// Else, try to add it if we can
						{
						// The first time through (pktcount==0), if this record is verified unique
						// (i.e. typically A, AAAA, SRV, TXT and reverse-mapping PTR), set the flag to add an NSEC too.
						if (!pktcount && (rr->resrec.RecordType & kDNSRecordTypeActiveUniqueMask) && !rr->SendNSECNow)
							rr->SendNSECNow = mDNSInterfaceMark;

						if (rr->resrec.RecordType & kDNSRecordTypeUniqueMask)
							rr->resrec.rrclass |= kDNSClass_UniqueRRSet;	// Temporarily set the cache flush bit so PutResourceRecord will set it
						newptr = PutRR_OS(newptr, &m->omsg.h.numAdditionals, &rr->resrec);
						rr->resrec.rrclass &= ~kDNSClass_UniqueRRSet;		// Make sure to clear cache flush bit back to normal state
						if (newptr)
							{
							responseptr = newptr;
							rr->ImmedAdditional = mDNSNULL;
							rr->RequireGoodbye = mDNStrue;
							// If we successfully put this additional record in the packet, we record LastMCTime & LastMCInterface.
							// This matters particularly in the case where we have more than one IPv6 (or IPv4) address, because otherwise,
							// when we see our own multicast with the cache flush bit set, if we haven't set LastMCTime, then we'll get
							// all concerned and re-announce our record again to make sure it doesn't get flushed from peer caches.
							rr->LastMCTime      = m->timenow;
							rr->LastMCInterface = intf->InterfaceID;
							}
						}
					}

		// Third Pass. Add NSEC records, if there's space.
		// When we're generating an NSEC record in response to a specify query for that type
		// (recognized by rr->SendNSECNow == intf->InterfaceID) we should really put the NSEC in the Answer Section,
		// not Additional Section, but for now it's easier to handle both cases in this Additional Section loop here.
		for (rr = m->ResourceRecords; rr; rr=rr->next)
			if (rr->SendNSECNow == mDNSInterfaceMark || rr->SendNSECNow == intf->InterfaceID)
				{
				AuthRecord nsec;
				mDNS_SetupResourceRecord(&nsec, mDNSNULL, mDNSInterface_Any, kDNSType_NSEC, rr->resrec.rroriginalttl, kDNSRecordTypeUnique, mDNSNULL, mDNSNULL);
				nsec.resrec.rrclass |= kDNSClass_UniqueRRSet;
				AssignDomainName(&nsec.namestorage, rr->resrec.name);
				mDNSPlatformMemZero(nsec.rdatastorage.u.nsec.bitmap, sizeof(nsec.rdatastorage.u.nsec.bitmap));
				for (r2 = m->ResourceRecords; r2; r2=r2->next)
					if (ResourceRecordIsValidAnswer(r2) && SameResourceRecordNameClassInterface(r2, rr))
						{
						if (r2->resrec.rrtype >= kDNSQType_ANY) { LogMsg("Can't create NSEC for record %s", ARDisplayString(m, r2)); break; }
						else nsec.rdatastorage.u.nsec.bitmap[r2->resrec.rrtype >> 3] |= 128 >> (r2->resrec.rrtype & 7);
						}
				newptr = responseptr;
				if (!r2)	// If we successfully built our NSEC record, add it to the packet now
					{
					newptr = PutRR_OS(responseptr, &m->omsg.h.numAdditionals, &nsec.resrec);
					if (newptr) responseptr = newptr;
					}

				// If we successfully put the NSEC record, clear the SendNSECNow flag
				// If we consider this NSEC optional, then we unconditionally clear the SendNSECNow flag, even if we fail to put this additional record
				if (newptr || rr->SendNSECNow == mDNSInterfaceMark)
					{
					rr->SendNSECNow = mDNSNULL;
					// Run through remainder of list clearing SendNSECNow flag for all other records which would generate the same NSEC
					for (r2 = rr->next; r2; r2=r2->next)
						if (SameResourceRecordNameClassInterface(r2, rr))
							if (r2->SendNSECNow == mDNSInterfaceMark || r2->SendNSECNow == intf->InterfaceID)
								r2->SendNSECNow = mDNSNULL;
					}
				}

		if (m->omsg.h.numAnswers || m->omsg.h.numAdditionals)
			{
			// If we have data to send, add OWNER option if necessary, then send packet

			if (OwnerRecordSpace)
				{
				AuthRecord opt;
				mDNS_SetupResourceRecord(&opt, mDNSNULL, mDNSInterface_Any, kDNSType_OPT, kStandardTTL, kDNSRecordTypeKnownUnique, mDNSNULL, mDNSNULL);
				opt.resrec.rrclass    = NormalMaxDNSMessageData;
				opt.resrec.rdlength   = sizeof(rdataOPT);	// One option in this OPT record
				opt.resrec.rdestimate = sizeof(rdataOPT);
				SetupOwnerOpt(m, intf, &opt.resrec.rdata->u.opt[0]);
				newptr = PutResourceRecord(&m->omsg, responseptr, &m->omsg.h.numAdditionals, &opt.resrec);
				if (newptr) { responseptr = newptr; LogSPS("SendResponses put   %s", ARDisplayString(m, &opt)); }
				else if (m->omsg.h.numAnswers + m->omsg.h.numAuthorities + m->omsg.h.numAdditionals == 1)
					LogSPS("SendResponses: No space in packet for Owner OPT record (%d/%d/%d/%d) %s",
						m->omsg.h.numQuestions, m->omsg.h.numAnswers, m->omsg.h.numAuthorities, m->omsg.h.numAdditionals, ARDisplayString(m, &opt));
				else
					LogMsg("SendResponses: How did we fail to have space for Owner OPT record (%d/%d/%d/%d) %s",
						m->omsg.h.numQuestions, m->omsg.h.numAnswers, m->omsg.h.numAuthorities, m->omsg.h.numAdditionals, ARDisplayString(m, &opt));
				}

			debugf("SendResponses: Sending %d Deregistration%s, %d Announcement%s, %d Answer%s, %d Additional%s on %p",
				numDereg,                 numDereg                 == 1 ? "" : "s",
				numAnnounce,              numAnnounce              == 1 ? "" : "s",
				numAnswer,                numAnswer                == 1 ? "" : "s",
				m->omsg.h.numAdditionals, m->omsg.h.numAdditionals == 1 ? "" : "s", intf->InterfaceID);
			if (intf->IPv4Available) mDNSSendDNSMessage(m, &m->omsg, responseptr, intf->InterfaceID, mDNSNULL, &AllDNSLinkGroup_v4, MulticastDNSPort, mDNSNULL, mDNSNULL);
			if (intf->IPv6Available) mDNSSendDNSMessage(m, &m->omsg, responseptr, intf->InterfaceID, mDNSNULL, &AllDNSLinkGroup_v6, MulticastDNSPort, mDNSNULL, mDNSNULL);
			if (!m->SuppressSending) m->SuppressSending = NonZeroTime(m->timenow + (mDNSPlatformOneSecond+9)/10);
			if (++pktcount >= 1000) { LogMsg("SendResponses exceeded loop limit %d: giving up", pktcount); break; }
			// There might be more things to send on this interface, so go around one more time and try again.
			}
		else	// Nothing more to send on this interface; go to next
			{
			const NetworkInterfaceInfo *next = GetFirstActiveInterface(intf->next);
			#if MDNS_DEBUGMSGS && 0
			const char *const msg = next ? "SendResponses: Nothing more on %p; moving to %p" : "SendResponses: Nothing more on %p";
			debugf(msg, intf, next);
			#endif
			intf = next;
			pktcount = 0;		// When we move to a new interface, reset packet count back to zero -- NSEC generation logic uses it
			}
		}

	// ***
	// *** 3. Cleanup: Now that everything is sent, call client callback functions, and reset state variables
	// ***

	if (m->CurrentRecord)
		LogMsg("SendResponses ERROR m->CurrentRecord already set %s", ARDisplayString(m, m->CurrentRecord));
	m->CurrentRecord = m->ResourceRecords;
	while (m->CurrentRecord)
		{
		rr = m->CurrentRecord;
		m->CurrentRecord = rr->next;

		if (rr->SendRNow)
			{
			if (rr->resrec.InterfaceID != mDNSInterface_LocalOnly && rr->resrec.InterfaceID != mDNSInterface_P2P)
				LogMsg("SendResponses: No active interface %p to send: %p %02X %s", rr->SendRNow, rr->resrec.InterfaceID, rr->resrec.RecordType, ARDisplayString(m, rr));
			rr->SendRNow = mDNSNULL;
			}

		if (rr->ImmedAnswer || rr->resrec.RecordType == kDNSRecordTypeDeregistering)
			{
			if (rr->NewRData) CompleteRDataUpdate(m, rr);	// Update our rdata, clear the NewRData pointer, and return memory to the client
	
			if (rr->resrec.RecordType == kDNSRecordTypeDeregistering && rr->AnnounceCount == 0)
				{
				// For Unicast, when we get the response from the server, we will call CompleteDeregistration
				if (!AuthRecord_uDNS(rr)) CompleteDeregistration(m, rr);		// Don't touch rr after this
				}
			else
				{
				rr->ImmedAnswer  = mDNSNULL;
				rr->ImmedUnicast = mDNSfalse;
				rr->v4Requester  = zerov4Addr;
				rr->v6Requester  = zerov6Addr;
				}
			}
		}
	verbosedebugf("SendResponses: Next in %ld ticks", m->NextScheduledResponse - m->timenow);
	}

// Calling CheckCacheExpiration() is an expensive operation because it has to look at the entire cache,
// so we want to be lazy about how frequently we do it.
// 1. If a cache record is currently referenced by *no* active questions,
//    then we don't mind expiring it up to a minute late (who will know?)
// 2. Else, if a cache record is due for some of its final expiration queries,
//    we'll allow them to be late by up to 2% of the TTL
// 3. Else, if a cache record has completed all its final expiration queries without success,
//    and is expiring, and had an original TTL more than ten seconds, we'll allow it to be one second late
// 4. Else, it is expiring and had an original TTL of ten seconds or less (includes explicit goodbye packets),
//    so allow at most 1/10 second lateness
// 5. For records with rroriginalttl set to zero, that means we really want to delete them immediately
//    (we have a new record with DelayDelivery set, waiting for the old record to go away before we can notify clients).
#define CacheCheckGracePeriod(RR) (                                                   \
	((RR)->CRActiveQuestion == mDNSNULL            ) ? (60 * mDNSPlatformOneSecond) : \
	((RR)->UnansweredQueries < MaxUnansweredQueries) ? (TicksTTL(rr)/50)            : \
	((RR)->resrec.rroriginalttl > 10               ) ? (mDNSPlatformOneSecond)      : \
	((RR)->resrec.rroriginalttl > 0                ) ? (mDNSPlatformOneSecond/10)   : 0)

#define NextCacheCheckEvent(RR) ((RR)->NextRequiredQuery + CacheCheckGracePeriod(RR))

mDNSexport void ScheduleNextCacheCheckTime(mDNS *const m, const mDNSu32 slot, const mDNSs32 event)
	{
	if (m->rrcache_nextcheck[slot] - event > 0)
		m->rrcache_nextcheck[slot] = event;
	if (m->NextCacheCheck          - event > 0)
		m->NextCacheCheck          = event;
	}

// Note: MUST call SetNextCacheCheckTimeForRecord any time we change:
// rr->TimeRcvd
// rr->resrec.rroriginalttl
// rr->UnansweredQueries
// rr->CRActiveQuestion
mDNSlocal void SetNextCacheCheckTimeForRecord(mDNS *const m, CacheRecord *const rr)
	{
	rr->NextRequiredQuery = RRExpireTime(rr);

	// If we have an active question, then see if we want to schedule a refresher query for this record.
	// Usually we expect to do four queries, at 80-82%, 85-87%, 90-92% and then 95-97% of the TTL.
	if (rr->CRActiveQuestion && rr->UnansweredQueries < MaxUnansweredQueries)
		{
		rr->NextRequiredQuery -= TicksTTL(rr)/20 * (MaxUnansweredQueries - rr->UnansweredQueries);
		rr->NextRequiredQuery += mDNSRandom((mDNSu32)TicksTTL(rr)/50);
		verbosedebugf("SetNextCacheCheckTimeForRecord: NextRequiredQuery in %ld sec CacheCheckGracePeriod %d ticks for %s",
			(rr->NextRequiredQuery - m->timenow) / mDNSPlatformOneSecond, CacheCheckGracePeriod(rr), CRDisplayString(m,rr));
		}

	ScheduleNextCacheCheckTime(m, HashSlot(rr->resrec.name), NextCacheCheckEvent(rr));
	}

#define kMinimumReconfirmTime                     ((mDNSu32)mDNSPlatformOneSecond *  5)
#define kDefaultReconfirmTimeForWake              ((mDNSu32)mDNSPlatformOneSecond *  5)
#define kDefaultReconfirmTimeForNoAnswer          ((mDNSu32)mDNSPlatformOneSecond *  5)
#define kDefaultReconfirmTimeForFlappingInterface ((mDNSu32)mDNSPlatformOneSecond * 30)

mDNSlocal mStatus mDNS_Reconfirm_internal(mDNS *const m, CacheRecord *const rr, mDNSu32 interval)
	{
	if (interval < kMinimumReconfirmTime)
		interval = kMinimumReconfirmTime;
	if (interval > 0x10000000)	// Make sure interval doesn't overflow when we multiply by four below
		interval = 0x10000000;

	// If the expected expiration time for this record is more than interval+33%, then accelerate its expiration
	if (RRExpireTime(rr) - m->timenow > (mDNSs32)((interval * 4) / 3))
		{
		// Add a 33% random amount to the interval, to avoid synchronization between multiple hosts
		// For all the reconfirmations in a given batch, we want to use the same random value
		// so that the reconfirmation questions can be grouped into a single query packet
		if (!m->RandomReconfirmDelay) m->RandomReconfirmDelay = 1 + mDNSRandom(0x3FFFFFFF);
		interval += m->RandomReconfirmDelay % ((interval/3) + 1);
		rr->TimeRcvd          = m->timenow - (mDNSs32)interval * 3;
		rr->resrec.rroriginalttl     = (interval * 4 + mDNSPlatformOneSecond - 1) / mDNSPlatformOneSecond;
		SetNextCacheCheckTimeForRecord(m, rr);
		}
	debugf("mDNS_Reconfirm_internal:%6ld ticks to go for %s %p",
		RRExpireTime(rr) - m->timenow, CRDisplayString(m, rr), rr->CRActiveQuestion);
	return(mStatus_NoError);
	}

#define MaxQuestionInterval         (3600 * mDNSPlatformOneSecond)

// BuildQuestion puts a question into a DNS Query packet and if successful, updates the value of queryptr.
// It also appends to the list of known answer records that need to be included,
// and updates the forcast for the size of the known answer section.
mDNSlocal mDNSBool BuildQuestion(mDNS *const m, DNSMessage *query, mDNSu8 **queryptr, DNSQuestion *q,
	CacheRecord ***kalistptrptr, mDNSu32 *answerforecast)
	{
	mDNSBool ucast = (q->LargeAnswers || q->RequestUnicast) && m->CanReceiveUnicastOn5353;
	mDNSu16 ucbit = (mDNSu16)(ucast ? kDNSQClass_UnicastResponse : 0);
	const mDNSu8 *const limit = query->data + NormalMaxDNSMessageData;
	mDNSu8 *newptr = putQuestion(query, *queryptr, limit - *answerforecast, &q->qname, q->qtype, (mDNSu16)(q->qclass | ucbit));
	if (!newptr)
		{
		debugf("BuildQuestion: No more space in this packet for question %##s (%s)", q->qname.c, DNSTypeName(q->qtype));
		return(mDNSfalse);
		}
	else
		{
		mDNSu32 forecast = *answerforecast;
		const mDNSu32 slot = HashSlot(&q->qname);
		const CacheGroup *const cg = CacheGroupForName(m, slot, q->qnamehash, &q->qname);
		CacheRecord *rr;
		CacheRecord **ka = *kalistptrptr;	// Make a working copy of the pointer we're going to update

		for (rr = cg ? cg->members : mDNSNULL; rr; rr=rr->next)				// If we have a resource record in our cache,
			if (rr->resrec.InterfaceID == q->SendQNow &&					// received on this interface
				!(rr->resrec.RecordType & kDNSRecordTypeUniqueMask) &&		// which is a shared (i.e. not unique) record type
				rr->NextInKAList == mDNSNULL && ka != &rr->NextInKAList &&	// which is not already in the known answer list
				rr->resrec.rdlength <= SmallRecordLimit &&					// which is small enough to sensibly fit in the packet
				SameNameRecordAnswersQuestion(&rr->resrec, q) &&			// which answers our question
				rr->TimeRcvd + TicksTTL(rr)/2 - m->timenow >				// and its half-way-to-expiry time is at least 1 second away
												mDNSPlatformOneSecond)		// (also ensures we never include goodbye records with TTL=1)
				{
				// We don't want to include unique records in the Known Answer section. The Known Answer section
				// is intended to suppress floods of shared-record replies from many other devices on the network.
				// That concept really does not apply to unique records, and indeed if we do send a query for
				// which we have a unique record already in our cache, then including that unique record as a
				// Known Answer, so as to suppress the only answer we were expecting to get, makes little sense.

				*ka = rr;	// Link this record into our known answer chain
				ka = &rr->NextInKAList;
				// We forecast: compressed name (2) type (2) class (2) TTL (4) rdlength (2) rdata (n)
				forecast += 12 + rr->resrec.rdestimate;
				// If we're trying to put more than one question in this packet, and it doesn't fit
				// then undo that last question and try again next time
				if (query->h.numQuestions > 1 && newptr + forecast >= limit)
					{
					debugf("BuildQuestion: Retracting question %##s (%s) new forecast total %d",
						q->qname.c, DNSTypeName(q->qtype), newptr + forecast - query->data);
					query->h.numQuestions--;
					ka = *kalistptrptr;		// Go back to where we started and retract these answer records
					while (*ka) { CacheRecord *c = *ka; *ka = mDNSNULL; ka = &c->NextInKAList; }
					return(mDNSfalse);		// Return false, so we'll try again in the next packet
					}
				}

		// Success! Update our state pointers, increment UnansweredQueries as appropriate, and return
		*queryptr        = newptr;				// Update the packet pointer
		*answerforecast  = forecast;			// Update the forecast
		*kalistptrptr    = ka;					// Update the known answer list pointer
		if (ucast) q->ExpectUnicastResp = NonZeroTime(m->timenow);

		for (rr = cg ? cg->members : mDNSNULL; rr; rr=rr->next)				// For every resource record in our cache,
			if (rr->resrec.InterfaceID == q->SendQNow &&					// received on this interface
				rr->NextInKAList == mDNSNULL && ka != &rr->NextInKAList &&	// which is not in the known answer list
				SameNameRecordAnswersQuestion(&rr->resrec, q))				// which answers our question
					{
					rr->UnansweredQueries++;								// indicate that we're expecting a response
					rr->LastUnansweredTime = m->timenow;
					SetNextCacheCheckTimeForRecord(m, rr);
					}

		return(mDNStrue);
		}
	}

// When we have a query looking for a specified name, but there appear to be no answers with
// that name, ReconfirmAntecedents() is called with depth=0 to start the reconfirmation process
// for any records in our cache that reference the given name (e.g. PTR and SRV records).
// For any such cache record we find, we also recursively call ReconfirmAntecedents() for *its* name.
// We increment depth each time we recurse, to guard against possible infinite loops, with a limit of 5.
// A typical reconfirmation scenario might go like this:
// Depth 0: Name "myhost.local" has no address records
// Depth 1: SRV "My Service._example._tcp.local." refers to "myhost.local"; may be stale
// Depth 2: PTR "_example._tcp.local." refers to "My Service"; may be stale
// Depth 3: PTR "_services._dns-sd._udp.local." refers to "_example._tcp.local."; may be stale
// Currently depths 4 and 5 are not expected to occur; if we did get to depth 5 we'd reconfim any records we
// found referring to the given name, but not recursively descend any further reconfirm *their* antecedents.
mDNSlocal void ReconfirmAntecedents(mDNS *const m, const domainname *const name, const mDNSu32 namehash, const int depth)
	{
	mDNSu32 slot;
	CacheGroup *cg;
	CacheRecord *cr;
	debugf("ReconfirmAntecedents (depth=%d) for %##s", depth, name->c);
	FORALL_CACHERECORDS(slot, cg, cr)
		{
		domainname *crtarget = GetRRDomainNameTarget(&cr->resrec);
		if (crtarget && cr->resrec.rdatahash == namehash && SameDomainName(crtarget, name))
			{
			LogInfo("ReconfirmAntecedents: Reconfirming (depth=%d) %s", depth, CRDisplayString(m, cr));
			mDNS_Reconfirm_internal(m, cr, kDefaultReconfirmTimeForNoAnswer);
			if (depth < 5) ReconfirmAntecedents(m, cr->resrec.name, cr->resrec.namehash, depth+1);
			}
		}
	}

// If we get no answer for a AAAA query, then before doing an automatic implicit ReconfirmAntecedents
// we check if we have an address record for the same name. If we do have an IPv4 address for a given
// name but not an IPv6 address, that's okay (it just means the device doesn't do IPv6) so the failure
// to get a AAAA response is not grounds to doubt the PTR/SRV chain that lead us to that name.
mDNSlocal const CacheRecord *CacheHasAddressTypeForName(mDNS *const m, const domainname *const name, const mDNSu32 namehash)
	{
	CacheGroup *const cg = CacheGroupForName(m, HashSlot(name), namehash, name);
	const CacheRecord *cr = cg ? cg->members : mDNSNULL;
	while (cr && !RRTypeIsAddressType(cr->resrec.rrtype)) cr=cr->next;
	return(cr);
	}

mDNSlocal const CacheRecord *FindSPSInCache1(mDNS *const m, const DNSQuestion *const q, const CacheRecord *const c0, const CacheRecord *const c1)
	{
	CacheGroup *const cg = CacheGroupForName(m, HashSlot(&q->qname), q->qnamehash, &q->qname);
	const CacheRecord *cr, *bestcr = mDNSNULL;
	mDNSu32 bestmetric = 1000000;
	for (cr = cg ? cg->members : mDNSNULL; cr; cr=cr->next)
		if (cr->resrec.rrtype == kDNSType_PTR && cr->resrec.rdlength >= 6)						// If record is PTR type, with long enough name,
			if (cr != c0 && cr != c1)															// that's not one we've seen before,
				if (SameNameRecordAnswersQuestion(&cr->resrec, q))								// and answers our browse query,
					if (!IdenticalSameNameRecord(&cr->resrec, &m->SPSRecords.RR_PTR.resrec))	// and is not our own advertised service...
						{
						mDNSu32 metric = SPSMetric(cr->resrec.rdata->u.name.c);
						if (bestmetric > metric) { bestmetric = metric; bestcr = cr; }
						}
	return(bestcr);
	}

// Finds the three best Sleep Proxies we currently have in our cache
mDNSexport void FindSPSInCache(mDNS *const m, const DNSQuestion *const q, const CacheRecord *sps[3])
	{
	sps[0] =                      FindSPSInCache1(m, q, mDNSNULL, mDNSNULL);
	sps[1] = !sps[0] ? mDNSNULL : FindSPSInCache1(m, q, sps[0],   mDNSNULL);
	sps[2] = !sps[1] ? mDNSNULL : FindSPSInCache1(m, q, sps[0],   sps[1]);
	}

// Only DupSuppressInfos newer than the specified 'time' are allowed to remain active
mDNSlocal void ExpireDupSuppressInfo(DupSuppressInfo ds[DupSuppressInfoSize], mDNSs32 time)
	{
	int i;
	for (i=0; i<DupSuppressInfoSize; i++) if (ds[i].Time - time < 0) ds[i].InterfaceID = mDNSNULL;
	}

mDNSlocal void ExpireDupSuppressInfoOnInterface(DupSuppressInfo ds[DupSuppressInfoSize], mDNSs32 time, mDNSInterfaceID InterfaceID)
	{
	int i;
	for (i=0; i<DupSuppressInfoSize; i++) if (ds[i].InterfaceID == InterfaceID && ds[i].Time - time < 0) ds[i].InterfaceID = mDNSNULL;
	}

mDNSlocal mDNSBool SuppressOnThisInterface(const DupSuppressInfo ds[DupSuppressInfoSize], const NetworkInterfaceInfo * const intf)
	{
	int i;
	mDNSBool v4 = !intf->IPv4Available;		// If this interface doesn't do v4, we don't need to find a v4 duplicate of this query
	mDNSBool v6 = !intf->IPv6Available;		// If this interface doesn't do v6, we don't need to find a v6 duplicate of this query
	for (i=0; i<DupSuppressInfoSize; i++)
		if (ds[i].InterfaceID == intf->InterfaceID)
			{
			if      (ds[i].Type == mDNSAddrType_IPv4) v4 = mDNStrue;
			else if (ds[i].Type == mDNSAddrType_IPv6) v6 = mDNStrue;
			if (v4 && v6) return(mDNStrue);
			}
	return(mDNSfalse);
	}

mDNSlocal int RecordDupSuppressInfo(DupSuppressInfo ds[DupSuppressInfoSize], mDNSs32 Time, mDNSInterfaceID InterfaceID, mDNSs32 Type)
	{
	int i, j;

	// See if we have this one in our list somewhere already
	for (i=0; i<DupSuppressInfoSize; i++) if (ds[i].InterfaceID == InterfaceID && ds[i].Type == Type) break;

	// If not, find a slot we can re-use
	if (i >= DupSuppressInfoSize)
		{
		i = 0;
		for (j=1; j<DupSuppressInfoSize && ds[i].InterfaceID; j++)
			if (!ds[j].InterfaceID || ds[j].Time - ds[i].Time < 0)
				i = j;
		}
	
	// Record the info about this query we saw
	ds[i].Time        = Time;
	ds[i].InterfaceID = InterfaceID;
	ds[i].Type        = Type;
	
	return(i);
	}

mDNSlocal mDNSBool AccelerateThisQuery(mDNS *const m, DNSQuestion *q)
	{
	// If more than 90% of the way to the query time, we should unconditionally accelerate it
	if (TimeToSendThisQuestion(q, m->timenow + q->ThisQInterval/10))
		return(mDNStrue);

	// If half-way to next scheduled query time, only accelerate if it will add less than 512 bytes to the packet
	if (TimeToSendThisQuestion(q, m->timenow + q->ThisQInterval/2))
		{
		// We forecast: qname (n) type (2) class (2)
		mDNSu32 forecast = (mDNSu32)DomainNameLength(&q->qname) + 4;
		const mDNSu32 slot = HashSlot(&q->qname);
		const CacheGroup *const cg = CacheGroupForName(m, slot, q->qnamehash, &q->qname);
		const CacheRecord *rr;
		for (rr = cg ? cg->members : mDNSNULL; rr; rr=rr->next)				// If we have a resource record in our cache,
			if (rr->resrec.rdlength <= SmallRecordLimit &&					// which is small enough to sensibly fit in the packet
				SameNameRecordAnswersQuestion(&rr->resrec, q) &&			// which answers our question
				rr->TimeRcvd + TicksTTL(rr)/2 - m->timenow >= 0 &&			// and it is less than half-way to expiry
				rr->NextRequiredQuery - (m->timenow + q->ThisQInterval) > 0)// and we'll ask at least once again before NextRequiredQuery
				{
				// We forecast: compressed name (2) type (2) class (2) TTL (4) rdlength (2) rdata (n)
				forecast += 12 + rr->resrec.rdestimate;
				if (forecast >= 512) return(mDNSfalse);	// If this would add 512 bytes or more to the packet, don't accelerate
				}
		return(mDNStrue);
		}

	return(mDNSfalse);
	}

// How Standard Queries are generated:
// 1. The Question Section contains the question
// 2. The Additional Section contains answers we already know, to suppress duplicate responses

// How Probe Queries are generated:
// 1. The Question Section contains queries for the name we intend to use, with QType=ANY because
// if some other host is already using *any* records with this name, we want to know about it.
// 2. The Authority Section contains the proposed values we intend to use for one or more
// of our records with that name (analogous to the Update section of DNS Update packets)
// because if some other host is probing at the same time, we each want to know what the other is
// planning, in order to apply the tie-breaking rule to see who gets to use the name and who doesn't.

mDNSlocal void SendQueries(mDNS *const m)
	{
	mDNSu32 slot;
	CacheGroup *cg;
	CacheRecord *cr;
	AuthRecord *ar;
	int pktcount = 0;
	DNSQuestion *q;
	// For explanation of maxExistingQuestionInterval logic, see comments for maxExistingAnnounceInterval
	mDNSs32 maxExistingQuestionInterval = 0;
	const NetworkInterfaceInfo *intf = GetFirstActiveInterface(m->HostInterfaces);
	CacheRecord *KnownAnswerList = mDNSNULL;

	// 1. If time for a query, work out what we need to do

	// We're expecting to send a query anyway, so see if any expiring cache records are close enough
	// to their NextRequiredQuery to be worth batching them together with this one
	FORALL_CACHERECORDS(slot, cg, cr)
		if (cr->CRActiveQuestion && cr->UnansweredQueries < MaxUnansweredQueries)
			if (m->timenow + TicksTTL(cr)/50 - cr->NextRequiredQuery >= 0)
				{
				debugf("Sending %d%% cache expiration query for %s", 80 + 5 * cr->UnansweredQueries, CRDisplayString(m, cr));
				q = cr->CRActiveQuestion;
				ExpireDupSuppressInfoOnInterface(q->DupSuppress, m->timenow - TicksTTL(cr)/20, cr->resrec.InterfaceID);
				// For uDNS queries (TargetQID non-zero) we adjust LastQTime,
				// and bump UnansweredQueries so that we don't spin trying to send the same cache expiration query repeatedly
				if      (q->Target.type)                        q->SendQNow = mDNSInterfaceMark;	// If targeted query, mark it
				else if (!mDNSOpaque16IsZero(q->TargetQID))     { q->LastQTime = m->timenow - q->ThisQInterval; cr->UnansweredQueries++; }
				else if (q->SendQNow == mDNSNULL)               q->SendQNow = cr->resrec.InterfaceID;
				else if (q->SendQNow != cr->resrec.InterfaceID) q->SendQNow = mDNSInterfaceMark;
				}

	// Scan our list of questions to see which:
	//     *WideArea*  queries need to be sent
	//     *unicast*   queries need to be sent
	//     *multicast* queries we're definitely going to send
	if (m->CurrentQuestion)
		LogMsg("SendQueries ERROR m->CurrentQuestion already set: %##s (%s)", m->CurrentQuestion->qname.c, DNSTypeName(m->CurrentQuestion->qtype));
	m->CurrentQuestion = m->Questions;
	while (m->CurrentQuestion && m->CurrentQuestion != m->NewQuestions)
		{
		q = m->CurrentQuestion;
		if (q->Target.type && (q->SendQNow || TimeToSendThisQuestion(q, m->timenow)))
			{
			mDNSu8       *qptr        = m->omsg.data;
			const mDNSu8 *const limit = m->omsg.data + sizeof(m->omsg.data);

			// If we fail to get a new on-demand socket (should only happen cases of the most extreme resource exhaustion), we'll try again next time
			if (!q->LocalSocket) q->LocalSocket = mDNSPlatformUDPSocket(m, zeroIPPort);
			if (q->LocalSocket)
				{
				InitializeDNSMessage(&m->omsg.h, q->TargetQID, QueryFlags);
				qptr = putQuestion(&m->omsg, qptr, limit, &q->qname, q->qtype, q->qclass);
				mDNSSendDNSMessage(m, &m->omsg, qptr, mDNSInterface_Any, q->LocalSocket, &q->Target, q->TargetPort, mDNSNULL, mDNSNULL);
				q->ThisQInterval    *= QuestionIntervalStep;
				}
			if (q->ThisQInterval > MaxQuestionInterval)
				q->ThisQInterval = MaxQuestionInterval;
			q->LastQTime         = m->timenow;
			q->LastQTxTime       = m->timenow;
			q->RecentAnswerPkts  = 0;
			q->SendQNow          = mDNSNULL;
			q->ExpectUnicastResp = NonZeroTime(m->timenow);
			}
		else if (mDNSOpaque16IsZero(q->TargetQID) && !q->Target.type && TimeToSendThisQuestion(q, m->timenow))
			{
			//LogInfo("Time to send %##s (%s) %d", q->qname.c, DNSTypeName(q->qtype), m->timenow - NextQSendTime(q));
			q->SendQNow = mDNSInterfaceMark;		// Mark this question for sending on all interfaces
			if (maxExistingQuestionInterval < q->ThisQInterval)
				maxExistingQuestionInterval = q->ThisQInterval;
			}
		// If m->CurrentQuestion wasn't modified out from under us, advance it now
		// We can't do this at the start of the loop because uDNS_CheckCurrentQuestion() depends on having
		// m->CurrentQuestion point to the right question
		if (q == m->CurrentQuestion) m->CurrentQuestion = m->CurrentQuestion->next;
		}
	while (m->CurrentQuestion)
		{
		LogInfo("SendQueries question loop 1: Skipping NewQuestion %##s (%s)", m->CurrentQuestion->qname.c, DNSTypeName(m->CurrentQuestion->qtype));
		m->CurrentQuestion = m->CurrentQuestion->next;
		}
	m->CurrentQuestion = mDNSNULL;

	// Scan our list of questions
	// (a) to see if there are any more that are worth accelerating, and
	// (b) to update the state variables for *all* the questions we're going to send
	// Note: Don't set NextScheduledQuery until here, because uDNS_CheckCurrentQuestion in the loop above can add new questions to the list,
	// which causes NextScheduledQuery to get (incorrectly) set to m->timenow. Setting it here is the right place, because the very
	// next thing we do is scan the list and call SetNextQueryTime() for every question we find, so we know we end up with the right value.
	m->NextScheduledQuery = m->timenow + 0x78000000;
	for (q = m->Questions; q && q != m->NewQuestions; q=q->next)
		{
		if (mDNSOpaque16IsZero(q->TargetQID) && (q->SendQNow ||
			(!q->Target.type && ActiveQuestion(q) && q->ThisQInterval <= maxExistingQuestionInterval && AccelerateThisQuery(m,q))))
			{
			// If at least halfway to next query time, advance to next interval
			// If less than halfway to next query time, then
			// treat this as logically a repeat of the last transmission, without advancing the interval
			if (m->timenow - (q->LastQTime + (q->ThisQInterval/2)) >= 0)
				{
				//LogInfo("Accelerating %##s (%s) %d", q->qname.c, DNSTypeName(q->qtype), m->timenow - NextQSendTime(q));
				q->SendQNow = mDNSInterfaceMark;	// Mark this question for sending on all interfaces
				debugf("SendQueries: %##s (%s) next interval %d seconds RequestUnicast = %d",
					q->qname.c, DNSTypeName(q->qtype), q->ThisQInterval / InitialQuestionInterval, q->RequestUnicast);
				q->ThisQInterval *= QuestionIntervalStep;
				if (q->ThisQInterval > MaxQuestionInterval)
					q->ThisQInterval = MaxQuestionInterval;
				else if (q->CurrentAnswers == 0 && q->ThisQInterval == InitialQuestionInterval * QuestionIntervalStep3 && !q->RequestUnicast &&
						!(RRTypeIsAddressType(q->qtype) && CacheHasAddressTypeForName(m, &q->qname, q->qnamehash)))
					{
					// Generally don't need to log this.
					// It's not especially noteworthy if a query finds no results -- this usually happens for domain
					// enumeration queries in the LL subdomain (e.g. "db._dns-sd._udp.0.0.254.169.in-addr.arpa")
					// and when there simply happen to be no instances of the service the client is looking
					// for (e.g. iTunes is set to look for RAOP devices, and the current network has none).
					debugf("SendQueries: Zero current answers for %##s (%s); will reconfirm antecedents",
						q->qname.c, DNSTypeName(q->qtype));
					// Sending third query, and no answers yet; time to begin doubting the source
					ReconfirmAntecedents(m, &q->qname, q->qnamehash, 0);
					}
				}

			// Mark for sending. (If no active interfaces, then don't even try.)
			q->SendOnAll = (q->SendQNow == mDNSInterfaceMark);
			if (q->SendOnAll)
				{
				q->SendQNow  = !intf ? mDNSNULL : (q->InterfaceID) ? q->InterfaceID : intf->InterfaceID;
				q->LastQTime = m->timenow;
				}

			// If we recorded a duplicate suppression for this question less than half an interval ago,
			// then we consider it recent enough that we don't need to do an identical query ourselves.
			ExpireDupSuppressInfo(q->DupSuppress, m->timenow - q->ThisQInterval/2);

			q->LastQTxTime      = m->timenow;
			q->RecentAnswerPkts = 0;
			if (q->RequestUnicast) q->RequestUnicast--;
			}
		// For all questions (not just the ones we're sending) check what the next scheduled event will be
		// We don't need to consider NewQuestions here because for those we'll set m->NextScheduledQuery in AnswerNewQuestion
		SetNextQueryTime(m,q);
		}

	// 2. Scan our authoritative RR list to see what probes we might need to send

	m->NextScheduledProbe = m->timenow + 0x78000000;

	if (m->CurrentRecord)
		LogMsg("SendQueries ERROR m->CurrentRecord already set %s", ARDisplayString(m, m->CurrentRecord));
	m->CurrentRecord = m->ResourceRecords;
	while (m->CurrentRecord)
		{
		ar = m->CurrentRecord;
		m->CurrentRecord = ar->next;
		if (!AuthRecord_uDNS(ar) && ar->resrec.RecordType == kDNSRecordTypeUnique)	// For all records that are still probing...
			{
			// 1. If it's not reached its probe time, just make sure we update m->NextScheduledProbe correctly
			if (m->timenow - (ar->LastAPTime + ar->ThisAPInterval) < 0)
				{
				SetNextAnnounceProbeTime(m, ar);
				}
			// 2. else, if it has reached its probe time, mark it for sending and then update m->NextScheduledProbe correctly
			else if (ar->ProbeCount)
				{
				if (ar->AddressProxy.type == mDNSAddrType_IPv4)
					{
					LogSPS("SendQueries ARP Probe %d %s %s", ar->ProbeCount, InterfaceNameForID(m, ar->resrec.InterfaceID), ARDisplayString(m,ar));
					SendARP(m, 1, ar, &zerov4Addr, &zeroEthAddr, &ar->AddressProxy.ip.v4, &ar->WakeUp.IMAC);
					}
				else if (ar->AddressProxy.type == mDNSAddrType_IPv6)
					{
					LogSPS("SendQueries NDP Probe %d %s %s", ar->ProbeCount, InterfaceNameForID(m, ar->resrec.InterfaceID), ARDisplayString(m,ar));
					// IPv6 source = zero
					// No target hardware address
					// IPv6 target address is address we're probing
					// Ethernet destination address is Ethernet interface address of the Sleep Proxy client we're probing
					SendNDP(m, NDP_Sol, 0, ar, &zerov6Addr, mDNSNULL, &ar->AddressProxy.ip.v6, &ar->WakeUp.IMAC);
					}
				// Mark for sending. (If no active interfaces, then don't even try.)
				ar->SendRNow   = (!intf || ar->WakeUp.HMAC.l[0]) ? mDNSNULL : ar->resrec.InterfaceID ? ar->resrec.InterfaceID : intf->InterfaceID;
				ar->LastAPTime = m->timenow;
				// When we have a late conflict that resets a record to probing state we use a special marker value greater
				// than DefaultProbeCountForTypeUnique. Here we detect that state and reset ar->ProbeCount back to the right value.
				if (ar->ProbeCount > DefaultProbeCountForTypeUnique)
					ar->ProbeCount = DefaultProbeCountForTypeUnique;
				ar->ProbeCount--;
				SetNextAnnounceProbeTime(m, ar);
				if (ar->ProbeCount == 0)
					{
					// If this is the last probe for this record, then see if we have any matching records
					// on our duplicate list which should similarly have their ProbeCount cleared to zero...
					AuthRecord *r2;
					for (r2 = m->DuplicateRecords; r2; r2=r2->next)
						if (r2->resrec.RecordType == kDNSRecordTypeUnique && RecordIsLocalDuplicate(r2, ar))
							r2->ProbeCount = 0;
					// ... then acknowledge this record to the client.
					// We do this optimistically, just as we're about to send the third probe.
					// This helps clients that both advertise and browse, and want to filter themselves
					// from the browse results list, because it helps ensure that the registration
					// confirmation will be delivered 1/4 second *before* the browse "add" event.
					// A potential downside is that we could deliver a registration confirmation and then find out
					// moments later that there's a name conflict, but applications have to be prepared to handle
					// late conflicts anyway (e.g. on connection of network cable, etc.), so this is nothing new.
					if (!ar->Acknowledged) AcknowledgeRecord(m, ar);
					}
				}
			// else, if it has now finished probing, move it to state Verified,
			// and update m->NextScheduledResponse so it will be announced
			else
				{
				if (!ar->Acknowledged) AcknowledgeRecord(m, ar);	// Defensive, just in case it got missed somehow
				ar->resrec.RecordType     = kDNSRecordTypeVerified;
				ar->ThisAPInterval = DefaultAnnounceIntervalForTypeUnique;
				ar->LastAPTime     = m->timenow - DefaultAnnounceIntervalForTypeUnique;
				SetNextAnnounceProbeTime(m, ar);
				}
			}
		}
	m->CurrentRecord = m->DuplicateRecords;
	while (m->CurrentRecord)
		{
		ar = m->CurrentRecord;
		m->CurrentRecord = ar->next;
		if (ar->resrec.RecordType == kDNSRecordTypeUnique && ar->ProbeCount == 0 && !ar->Acknowledged)
			AcknowledgeRecord(m, ar);
		}

	// 3. Now we know which queries and probes we're sending,
	// go through our interface list sending the appropriate queries on each interface
	while (intf)
		{
		const int OwnerRecordSpace = (m->AnnounceOwner && intf->MAC.l[0]) ? DNSOpt_Header_Space + DNSOpt_Owner_Space(&m->PrimaryMAC, &intf->MAC) : 0;
		mDNSu8 *queryptr = m->omsg.data;
		InitializeDNSMessage(&m->omsg.h, zeroID, QueryFlags);
		if (KnownAnswerList) verbosedebugf("SendQueries:   KnownAnswerList set... Will continue from previous packet");
		if (!KnownAnswerList)
			{
			// Start a new known-answer list
			CacheRecord **kalistptr = &KnownAnswerList;
			mDNSu32 answerforecast = OwnerRecordSpace;		// We start by assuming we'll need at least enough space to put the Owner Option
			
			// Put query questions in this packet
			for (q = m->Questions; q && q != m->NewQuestions; q=q->next)
				{
				if (mDNSOpaque16IsZero(q->TargetQID) && (q->SendQNow == intf->InterfaceID))
					{
					debugf("SendQueries: %s question for %##s (%s) at %d forecast total %d",
						SuppressOnThisInterface(q->DupSuppress, intf) ? "Suppressing" : "Putting    ",
						q->qname.c, DNSTypeName(q->qtype), queryptr - m->omsg.data, queryptr + answerforecast - m->omsg.data);

					// If we're suppressing this question, or we successfully put it, update its SendQNow state
					if (SuppressOnThisInterface(q->DupSuppress, intf) ||
						BuildQuestion(m, &m->omsg, &queryptr, q, &kalistptr, &answerforecast))
							q->SendQNow = (q->InterfaceID || !q->SendOnAll) ? mDNSNULL : GetNextActiveInterfaceID(intf);
					}
				}

			// Put probe questions in this packet
			for (ar = m->ResourceRecords; ar; ar=ar->next)
				if (ar->SendRNow == intf->InterfaceID)
					{
					mDNSBool ucast = (ar->ProbeCount >= DefaultProbeCountForTypeUnique-1) && m->CanReceiveUnicastOn5353;
					mDNSu16 ucbit = (mDNSu16)(ucast ? kDNSQClass_UnicastResponse : 0);
					const mDNSu8 *const limit = m->omsg.data + (m->omsg.h.numQuestions ? NormalMaxDNSMessageData : AbsoluteMaxDNSMessageData);
					// We forecast: compressed name (2) type (2) class (2) TTL (4) rdlength (2) rdata (n)
					mDNSu32 forecast = answerforecast + 12 + ar->resrec.rdestimate;
					mDNSu8 *newptr = putQuestion(&m->omsg, queryptr, limit - forecast, ar->resrec.name, kDNSQType_ANY, (mDNSu16)(ar->resrec.rrclass | ucbit));
					if (newptr)
						{
						queryptr       = newptr;
						answerforecast = forecast;
						ar->SendRNow = (ar->resrec.InterfaceID) ? mDNSNULL : GetNextActiveInterfaceID(intf);
						ar->IncludeInProbe = mDNStrue;
						verbosedebugf("SendQueries:   Put Question %##s (%s) probecount %d",
							ar->resrec.name->c, DNSTypeName(ar->resrec.rrtype), ar->ProbeCount);
						}
					}
			}

		// Put our known answer list (either new one from this question or questions, or remainder of old one from last time)
		while (KnownAnswerList)
			{
			CacheRecord *ka = KnownAnswerList;
			mDNSu32 SecsSinceRcvd = ((mDNSu32)(m->timenow - ka->TimeRcvd)) / mDNSPlatformOneSecond;
			mDNSu8 *newptr = PutResourceRecordTTLWithLimit(&m->omsg, queryptr, &m->omsg.h.numAnswers,
				&ka->resrec, ka->resrec.rroriginalttl - SecsSinceRcvd, m->omsg.data + NormalMaxDNSMessageData - OwnerRecordSpace);
			if (newptr)
				{
				verbosedebugf("SendQueries:   Put %##s (%s) at %d - %d",
					ka->resrec.name->c, DNSTypeName(ka->resrec.rrtype), queryptr - m->omsg.data, newptr - m->omsg.data);
				queryptr = newptr;
				KnownAnswerList = ka->NextInKAList;
				ka->NextInKAList = mDNSNULL;
				}
			else
				{
				// If we ran out of space and we have more than one question in the packet, that's an error --
				// we shouldn't have put more than one question if there was a risk of us running out of space.
				if (m->omsg.h.numQuestions > 1)
					LogMsg("SendQueries:   Put %d answers; No more space for known answers", m->omsg.h.numAnswers);
				m->omsg.h.flags.b[0] |= kDNSFlag0_TC;
				break;
				}
			}

		for (ar = m->ResourceRecords; ar; ar=ar->next)
			if (ar->IncludeInProbe)
				{
				mDNSu8 *newptr = PutResourceRecord(&m->omsg, queryptr, &m->omsg.h.numAuthorities, &ar->resrec);
				ar->IncludeInProbe = mDNSfalse;
				if (newptr) queryptr = newptr;
				else LogMsg("SendQueries:   How did we fail to have space for the Update record %s", ARDisplayString(m,ar));
				}

		if (queryptr > m->omsg.data)
			{
			if (OwnerRecordSpace)
				{
				AuthRecord opt;
				mDNS_SetupResourceRecord(&opt, mDNSNULL, mDNSInterface_Any, kDNSType_OPT, kStandardTTL, kDNSRecordTypeKnownUnique, mDNSNULL, mDNSNULL);
				opt.resrec.rrclass    = NormalMaxDNSMessageData;
				opt.resrec.rdlength   = sizeof(rdataOPT);	// One option in this OPT record
				opt.resrec.rdestimate = sizeof(rdataOPT);
				SetupOwnerOpt(m, intf, &opt.resrec.rdata->u.opt[0]);
				LogSPS("SendQueries putting %s", ARDisplayString(m, &opt));
				queryptr = PutResourceRecordTTLWithLimit(&m->omsg, queryptr, &m->omsg.h.numAdditionals,
					&opt.resrec, opt.resrec.rroriginalttl, m->omsg.data + AbsoluteMaxDNSMessageData);
				if (!queryptr)
					LogMsg("SendQueries: How did we fail to have space for the OPT record (%d/%d/%d/%d) %s",
						m->omsg.h.numQuestions, m->omsg.h.numAnswers, m->omsg.h.numAuthorities, m->omsg.h.numAdditionals, ARDisplayString(m, &opt));
				if (queryptr > m->omsg.data + NormalMaxDNSMessageData)
					if (m->omsg.h.numQuestions != 1 || m->omsg.h.numAnswers != 0 || m->omsg.h.numAuthorities != 1 || m->omsg.h.numAdditionals != 1)
						LogMsg("SendQueries: Why did we generate oversized packet with OPT record %p %p %p (%d/%d/%d/%d) %s",
							m->omsg.data, m->omsg.data + NormalMaxDNSMessageData, queryptr,
							m->omsg.h.numQuestions, m->omsg.h.numAnswers, m->omsg.h.numAuthorities, m->omsg.h.numAdditionals, ARDisplayString(m, &opt));
				}

			if ((m->omsg.h.flags.b[0] & kDNSFlag0_TC) && m->omsg.h.numQuestions > 1)
				LogMsg("SendQueries: Should not have more than one question (%d) in a truncated packet", m->omsg.h.numQuestions);
			debugf("SendQueries:   Sending %d Question%s %d Answer%s %d Update%s on %p",
				m->omsg.h.numQuestions,   m->omsg.h.numQuestions   == 1 ? "" : "s",
				m->omsg.h.numAnswers,     m->omsg.h.numAnswers     == 1 ? "" : "s",
				m->omsg.h.numAuthorities, m->omsg.h.numAuthorities == 1 ? "" : "s", intf->InterfaceID);
			if (intf->IPv4Available) mDNSSendDNSMessage(m, &m->omsg, queryptr, intf->InterfaceID, mDNSNULL, &AllDNSLinkGroup_v4, MulticastDNSPort, mDNSNULL, mDNSNULL);
			if (intf->IPv6Available) mDNSSendDNSMessage(m, &m->omsg, queryptr, intf->InterfaceID, mDNSNULL, &AllDNSLinkGroup_v6, MulticastDNSPort, mDNSNULL, mDNSNULL);
			if (!m->SuppressSending) m->SuppressSending = NonZeroTime(m->timenow + (mDNSPlatformOneSecond+9)/10);
			if (++pktcount >= 1000)
				{ LogMsg("SendQueries exceeded loop limit %d: giving up", pktcount); break; }
			// There might be more records left in the known answer list, or more questions to send
			// on this interface, so go around one more time and try again.
			}
		else	// Nothing more to send on this interface; go to next
			{
			const NetworkInterfaceInfo *next = GetFirstActiveInterface(intf->next);
			#if MDNS_DEBUGMSGS && 0
			const char *const msg = next ? "SendQueries:   Nothing more on %p; moving to %p" : "SendQueries:   Nothing more on %p";
			debugf(msg, intf, next);
			#endif
			intf = next;
			}
		}

	// 4. Final housekeeping
	
	// 4a. Debugging check: Make sure we announced all our records
	for (ar = m->ResourceRecords; ar; ar=ar->next)
		if (ar->SendRNow)
			{
			if (ar->resrec.InterfaceID != mDNSInterface_LocalOnly && ar->resrec.InterfaceID != mDNSInterface_P2P)
				LogMsg("SendQueries: No active interface %p to send probe: %p %s", ar->SendRNow, ar->resrec.InterfaceID, ARDisplayString(m, ar));
			ar->SendRNow = mDNSNULL;
			}

	// 4b. When we have lingering cache records that we're keeping around for a few seconds in the hope
	// that their interface which went away might come back again, the logic will want to send queries
	// for those records, but we can't because their interface isn't here any more, so to keep the
	// state machine ticking over we just pretend we did so.
	// If the interface does not come back in time, the cache record will expire naturally
	FORALL_CACHERECORDS(slot, cg, cr)
		if (cr->CRActiveQuestion && cr->UnansweredQueries < MaxUnansweredQueries)
			if (m->timenow + TicksTTL(cr)/50 - cr->NextRequiredQuery >= 0)
				{
				cr->UnansweredQueries++;
				cr->CRActiveQuestion->SendQNow = mDNSNULL;
				SetNextCacheCheckTimeForRecord(m, cr);
				}

	// 4c. Debugging check: Make sure we sent all our planned questions
	// Do this AFTER the lingering cache records check above, because that will prevent spurious warnings for questions
	// we legitimately couldn't send because the interface is no longer available
	for (q = m->Questions; q; q=q->next)
		if (q->SendQNow)
			{
			DNSQuestion *x;
			for (x = m->NewQuestions; x; x=x->next) if (x == q) break;	// Check if this question is a NewQuestion
			LogMsg("SendQueries: No active interface %p to send %s question: %p %##s (%s)", q->SendQNow, x ? "new" : "old", q->InterfaceID, q->qname.c, DNSTypeName(q->qtype));
			q->SendQNow = mDNSNULL;
			}
	}

mDNSlocal void SendWakeup(mDNS *const m, mDNSInterfaceID InterfaceID, mDNSEthAddr *EthAddr, mDNSOpaque48 *password)
	{
	int i, j;
	mDNSu8 *ptr = m->omsg.data;
	NetworkInterfaceInfo *intf = FirstInterfaceForID(m, InterfaceID);
	if (!intf) { LogMsg("SendARP: No interface with InterfaceID %p found", InterfaceID); return; }

	// 0x00 Destination address
	for (i=0; i<6; i++) *ptr++ = EthAddr->b[i];

	// 0x06 Source address (Note: Since we don't currently set the BIOCSHDRCMPLT option, BPF will fill in the real interface address for us)
	for (i=0; i<6; i++) *ptr++ = intf->MAC.b[0];

	// 0x0C Ethertype (0x0842)
	*ptr++ = 0x08;
	*ptr++ = 0x42;

	// 0x0E Wakeup sync sequence
	for (i=0; i<6; i++) *ptr++ = 0xFF;

	// 0x14 Wakeup data
	for (j=0; j<16; j++) for (i=0; i<6; i++) *ptr++ = EthAddr->b[i];

	// 0x74 Password
	for (i=0; i<6; i++) *ptr++ = password->b[i];

	mDNSPlatformSendRawPacket(m->omsg.data, ptr, InterfaceID);

	// For Ethernet switches that don't flood-foward packets with unknown unicast destination MAC addresses,
	// broadcast is the only reliable way to get a wakeup packet to the intended target machine.
	// For 802.11 WPA networks, where a sleeping target machine may have missed a broadcast/multicast
	// key rotation, unicast is the only way to get a wakeup packet to the intended target machine.
	// So, we send one of each, unicast first, then broadcast second.
	for (i=0; i<6; i++) m->omsg.data[i] = 0xFF;
	mDNSPlatformSendRawPacket(m->omsg.data, ptr, InterfaceID);
	}

// ***************************************************************************
#if COMPILER_LIKES_PRAGMA_MARK
#pragma mark -
#pragma mark - RR List Management & Task Management
#endif

// Note: AnswerCurrentQuestionWithResourceRecord can call a user callback, which may change the record list and/or question list.
// Any code walking either list must use the m->CurrentQuestion (and possibly m->CurrentRecord) mechanism to protect against this.
// In fact, to enforce this, the routine will *only* answer the question currently pointed to by m->CurrentQuestion,
// which will be auto-advanced (possibly to NULL) if the client callback cancels the question.
mDNSexport void AnswerCurrentQuestionWithResourceRecord(mDNS *const m, CacheRecord *const rr, const QC_result AddRecord)
	{
	DNSQuestion *const q = m->CurrentQuestion;
	mDNSBool followcname = rr->resrec.RecordType != kDNSRecordTypePacketNegative && AddRecord &&
							rr->resrec.rrtype == kDNSType_CNAME && q->qtype != kDNSType_CNAME;
	verbosedebugf("AnswerCurrentQuestionWithResourceRecord:%4lu %s TTL %d %s",
		q->CurrentAnswers, AddRecord ? "Add" : "Rmv", rr->resrec.rroriginalttl, CRDisplayString(m, rr));

	if (QuerySuppressed(q)) return;

	// Note: Use caution here. In the case of records with rr->DelayDelivery set, AnswerCurrentQuestionWithResourceRecord(... mDNStrue)
	// may be called twice, once when the record is received, and again when it's time to notify local clients.
	// If any counters or similar are added here, care must be taken to ensure that they are not double-incremented by this.

	rr->LastUsed = m->timenow;
	if (AddRecord == QC_add && !q->DuplicateOf && rr->CRActiveQuestion != q)
		{
		if (!rr->CRActiveQuestion) m->rrcache_active++;	// If not previously active, increment rrcache_active count
		debugf("AnswerCurrentQuestionWithResourceRecord: Updating CRActiveQuestion from %p to %p for cache record %s, CurrentAnswer %d",
			rr->CRActiveQuestion, q, CRDisplayString(m,rr), q->CurrentAnswers);
		rr->CRActiveQuestion = q;						// We know q is non-null
		SetNextCacheCheckTimeForRecord(m, rr);
		}

	// If this is:
	// (a) a no-cache add, where we've already done at least one 'QM' query, or
	// (b) a normal add, where we have at least one unique-type answer,
	// then there's no need to keep polling the network.
	// (If we have an answer in the cache, then we'll automatically ask again in time to stop it expiring.)
	// We do this for mDNS questions and uDNS one-shot questions, but not for
	// uDNS LongLived questions, because that would mess up our LLQ lease renewal timing.
	if ((AddRecord == QC_addnocache && !q->RequestUnicast) ||
		(AddRecord == QC_add && (q->ExpectUnique || (rr->resrec.RecordType & kDNSRecordTypePacketUniqueMask))))
		if (ActiveQuestion(q) && (mDNSOpaque16IsZero(q->TargetQID) || !q->LongLived))
			{
			q->LastQTime        = m->timenow;
			q->LastQTxTime      = m->timenow;
			q->RecentAnswerPkts = 0;
			q->ThisQInterval    = MaxQuestionInterval;
			q->RequestUnicast   = mDNSfalse;
			debugf("AnswerCurrentQuestionWithResourceRecord: Set MaxQuestionInterval for %##s (%s)", q->qname.c, DNSTypeName(q->qtype));
			}

	if (rr->DelayDelivery) return;		// We'll come back later when CacheRecordDeferredAdd() calls us

	// Only deliver negative answers if client has explicitly requested them
	if (rr->resrec.RecordType == kDNSRecordTypePacketNegative || (q->qtype != kDNSType_NSEC && RRAssertsNonexistence(&rr->resrec, q->qtype)))
		if (!AddRecord || !q->ReturnIntermed) return;

	// For CNAME results to non-CNAME questions, only inform the client if they explicitly requested that
	if (q->QuestionCallback && !q->NoAnswer && (!followcname || q->ReturnIntermed))
		{
		mDNS_DropLockBeforeCallback();		// Allow client (and us) to legally make mDNS API calls
		if (q->qtype != kDNSType_NSEC && RRAssertsNonexistence(&rr->resrec, q->qtype))
			{
			CacheRecord neg;
			MakeNegativeCacheRecord(m, &neg, &q->qname, q->qnamehash, q->qtype, q->qclass, 1, rr->resrec.InterfaceID, q->qDNSServer);
			q->QuestionCallback(m, q, &neg.resrec, AddRecord);
			}
		else
			q->QuestionCallback(m, q, &rr->resrec, AddRecord);
		mDNS_ReclaimLockAfterCallback();	// Decrement mDNS_reentrancy to block mDNS API calls again
		}
	// Note: Proceed with caution here because client callback function is allowed to do anything,
	// including starting/stopping queries, registering/deregistering records, etc.

	if (followcname && m->CurrentQuestion == q)
		{
		const mDNSBool selfref = SameDomainName(&q->qname, &rr->resrec.rdata->u.name);
		if (q->CNAMEReferrals >= 10 || selfref)
			LogMsg("AnswerCurrentQuestionWithResourceRecord: %p %##s (%s) NOT following CNAME referral %d%s for %s",
				q, q->qname.c, DNSTypeName(q->qtype), q->CNAMEReferrals, selfref ? " (Self-Referential)" : "", CRDisplayString(m, rr));
		else
			{
			const mDNSu32 c = q->CNAMEReferrals + 1;		// Stash a copy of the new q->CNAMEReferrals value

			// The SameDomainName check above is to ignore bogus CNAME records that point right back at
			// themselves. Without that check we can get into a case where we have two duplicate questions,
			// A and B, and when we stop question A, UpdateQuestionDuplicates copies the value of CNAMEReferrals
			// from A to B, and then A is re-appended to the end of the list as a duplicate of B (because
			// the target name is still the same), and then when we stop question B, UpdateQuestionDuplicates
			// copies the B's value of CNAMEReferrals back to A, and we end up not incrementing CNAMEReferrals
			// for either of them. This is not a problem for CNAME loops of two or more records because in
			// those cases the newly re-appended question A has a different target name and therefore cannot be
			// a duplicate of any other question ('B') which was itself a duplicate of the previous question A.

			// Right now we just stop and re-use the existing query. If we really wanted to be 100% perfect,
			// and track CNAMEs coming and going, we should really create a subordinate query here,
			// which we would subsequently cancel and retract if the CNAME referral record were removed.
			// In reality this is such a corner case we'll ignore it until someone actually needs it.
			LogInfo("AnswerCurrentQuestionWithResourceRecord: %p %##s (%s) following CNAME referral %d for %s",
				q, q->qname.c, DNSTypeName(q->qtype), q->CNAMEReferrals, CRDisplayString(m, rr));

			mDNS_StopQuery_internal(m, q);								// Stop old query
			AssignDomainName(&q->qname, &rr->resrec.rdata->u.name);		// Update qname
			q->qnamehash = DomainNameHashValue(&q->qname);				// and namehash
			mDNS_StartQuery_internal(m, q);								// start new query
			// Record how many times we've done this. We need to do this *after* mDNS_StartQuery_internal,
			// because mDNS_StartQuery_internal re-initializes CNAMEReferrals to zero
			q->CNAMEReferrals = c;
			}
		}
	}

// New Questions are answered through AnswerNewQuestion. But there may not have been any
// matching cache records for the questions when it is called. There are two possibilities.
//
// 1) There are no cache records
// 2) There are cache records but the DNSServers between question and cache record don't match.
//
// In the case of (1), where there are no cache records and later we add them when we get a response,
// CacheRecordAdd/CacheRecordDeferredAdd will take care of adding the cache and delivering the ADD
// events to the application. If we already have a cache entry, then no ADD events are delivered
// unless the RDATA has changed
//
// In the case of (2) where we had the cache records and did not answer because of the DNSServer mismatch,
// we need to answer them whenever we change the DNSServer.  But we can't do it at the instant the DNSServer
// changes because when we do the callback, the question can get deleted and the calling function would not
// know how to handle it. So, we run this function from mDNS_Execute to handle DNSServer changes on the
// question

mDNSlocal void AnswerQuestionsForDNSServerChanges(mDNS *const m)
	{
	DNSQuestion *q;
	DNSQuestion *qnext;
	CacheRecord *rr;
	mDNSu32 slot;
	CacheGroup *cg;

	if (m->CurrentQuestion)
		LogMsg("AnswerQuestionsForDNSServerChanges: ERROR m->CurrentQuestion already set: %##s (%s)",
				m->CurrentQuestion->qname.c, DNSTypeName(m->CurrentQuestion->qtype));

	for (q = m->Questions; q && q != m->NewQuestions; q = qnext)
		{
		qnext = q->next;

		// multicast or DNSServers did not change.
		if (mDNSOpaque16IsZero(q->TargetQID)) continue;
		if (!q->deliverAddEvents) continue;

		// We are going to look through the cache for this question since it changed
		// its DNSserver last time. Reset it so that we don't call them again. Calling
		// them again will deliver duplicate events to the application
		q->deliverAddEvents = mDNSfalse;
		if (QuerySuppressed(q)) continue;
		m->CurrentQuestion = q;
		slot = HashSlot(&q->qname);
		cg = CacheGroupForName(m, slot, q->qnamehash, &q->qname);
		for (rr = cg ? cg->members : mDNSNULL; rr; rr=rr->next)
			{
			if (SameNameRecordAnswersQuestion(&rr->resrec, q))
				{
				LogInfo("AnswerQuestionsForDNSServerChanges: Calling AnswerCurrentQuestionWithResourceRecord for question %p %##s using resource record %s",
					q, q->qname.c, CRDisplayString(m, rr));
				// When this question penalizes a DNS server and has no more DNS servers to pick, we normally
				// deliver a negative cache response and suspend the question for 60 seconds (see uDNS_CheckCurrentQuestion).
				// But sometimes we may already find the negative cache entry and deliver that here as the process
				// of changing DNS servers. When the cache entry is about to expire, we will resend the question and
				// that time, we need to make sure that we have a valid DNS server. Otherwise, we will deliver
				// a negative cache response without trying the server.
				if (!q->qDNSServer && !q->DuplicateOf && rr->resrec.RecordType == kDNSRecordTypePacketNegative)
					{
					DNSQuestion *qptr;
					SetValidDNSServers(m, q);
					q->qDNSServer = GetServerForQuestion(m, q);
					for (qptr = q->next ; qptr; qptr = qptr->next)
						if (qptr->DuplicateOf == q) { qptr->validDNSServers = q->validDNSServers; qptr->qDNSServer = q->qDNSServer; }
					}
				q->CurrentAnswers++;
				if (rr->resrec.rdlength > SmallRecordLimit) q->LargeAnswers++;
				if (rr->resrec.RecordType & kDNSRecordTypePacketUniqueMask) q->UniqueAnswers++;
				AnswerCurrentQuestionWithResourceRecord(m, rr, QC_add);
				if (m->CurrentQuestion != q) break;		// If callback deleted q, then we're finished here
				}
			}
		}
		m->CurrentQuestion = mDNSNULL;
	}

mDNSlocal void CacheRecordDeferredAdd(mDNS *const m, CacheRecord *rr)
	{
	rr->DelayDelivery = 0;
	if (m->CurrentQuestion)
		LogMsg("CacheRecordDeferredAdd ERROR m->CurrentQuestion already set: %##s (%s)",
			m->CurrentQuestion->qname.c, DNSTypeName(m->CurrentQuestion->qtype));
	m->CurrentQuestion = m->Questions;
	while (m->CurrentQuestion && m->CurrentQuestion != m->NewQuestions)
		{
		DNSQuestion *q = m->CurrentQuestion;
		if (ResourceRecordAnswersQuestion(&rr->resrec, q))
			AnswerCurrentQuestionWithResourceRecord(m, rr, QC_add);
		if (m->CurrentQuestion == q)	// If m->CurrentQuestion was not auto-advanced, do it ourselves now
			m->CurrentQuestion = q->next;
		}
	m->CurrentQuestion = mDNSNULL;
	}

mDNSlocal mDNSs32 CheckForSoonToExpireRecords(mDNS *const m, const domainname *const name, const mDNSu32 namehash, const mDNSu32 slot)
	{
	const mDNSs32 threshhold = m->timenow + mDNSPlatformOneSecond;	// See if there are any records expiring within one second
	const mDNSs32 start      = m->timenow - 0x10000000;
	mDNSs32 delay = start;
	CacheGroup *cg = CacheGroupForName(m, slot, namehash, name);
	const CacheRecord *rr;
	for (rr = cg ? cg->members : mDNSNULL; rr; rr=rr->next)
		if (threshhold - RRExpireTime(rr) >= 0)		// If we have records about to expire within a second
			if (delay - RRExpireTime(rr) < 0)		// then delay until after they've been deleted
				delay = RRExpireTime(rr);
	if (delay - start > 0) return(NonZeroTime(delay));
	else return(0);
	}

// CacheRecordAdd is only called from CreateNewCacheEntry, *never* directly as a result of a client API call.
// If new questions are created as a result of invoking client callbacks, they will be added to
// the end of the question list, and m->NewQuestions will be set to indicate the first new question.
// rr is a new CacheRecord just received into our cache
// (kDNSRecordTypePacketAns/PacketAnsUnique/PacketAdd/PacketAddUnique).
// Note: CacheRecordAdd calls AnswerCurrentQuestionWithResourceRecord which can call a user callback,
// which may change the record list and/or question list.
// Any code walking either list must use the CurrentQuestion and/or CurrentRecord mechanism to protect against this.
mDNSlocal void CacheRecordAdd(mDNS *const m, CacheRecord *rr)
	{
	DNSQuestion *q;

	// We stop when we get to NewQuestions -- if we increment their CurrentAnswers/LargeAnswers/UniqueAnswers
	// counters here we'll end up double-incrementing them when we do it again in AnswerNewQuestion().
	for (q = m->Questions; q && q != m->NewQuestions; q=q->next)
		{
		if (ResourceRecordAnswersQuestion(&rr->resrec, q))
			{
			// If this question is one that's actively sending queries, and it's received ten answers within one
			// second of sending the last query packet, then that indicates some radical network topology change,
			// so reset its exponential backoff back to the start. We must be at least at the eight-second interval
			// to do this. If we're at the four-second interval, or less, there's not much benefit accelerating
			// because we will anyway send another query within a few seconds. The first reset query is sent out
			// randomized over the next four seconds to reduce possible synchronization between machines.
			if (q->LastAnswerPktNum != m->PktNum)
				{
				q->LastAnswerPktNum = m->PktNum;
				if (mDNSOpaque16IsZero(q->TargetQID) && ActiveQuestion(q) && ++q->RecentAnswerPkts >= 10 &&
					q->ThisQInterval > InitialQuestionInterval * QuestionIntervalStep3 && m->timenow - q->LastQTxTime < mDNSPlatformOneSecond)
					{
					LogMsg("CacheRecordAdd: %##s (%s) got immediate answer burst (%d); restarting exponential backoff sequence (%d)",
						q->qname.c, DNSTypeName(q->qtype), q->RecentAnswerPkts, q->ThisQInterval);
					q->LastQTime      = m->timenow - InitialQuestionInterval + (mDNSs32)mDNSRandom((mDNSu32)mDNSPlatformOneSecond*4);
					q->ThisQInterval  = InitialQuestionInterval;
					SetNextQueryTime(m,q);
					}
				}
			verbosedebugf("CacheRecordAdd %p %##s (%s) %lu %#a:%d question %p", rr, rr->resrec.name->c,
				DNSTypeName(rr->resrec.rrtype), rr->resrec.rroriginalttl, rr->resrec.rDNSServer ?
				&rr->resrec.rDNSServer->addr : mDNSNULL, mDNSVal16(rr->resrec.rDNSServer ?
				rr->resrec.rDNSServer->port : zeroIPPort), q);
			q->CurrentAnswers++;
			q->unansweredQueries = 0;
			if (rr->resrec.rdlength > SmallRecordLimit) q->LargeAnswers++;
			if (rr->resrec.RecordType & kDNSRecordTypePacketUniqueMask) q->UniqueAnswers++;
			if (q->CurrentAnswers > 4000)
				{
				static int msgcount = 0;
				if (msgcount++ < 10)
					LogMsg("CacheRecordAdd: %##s (%s) has %d answers; shedding records to resist DOS attack",
						q->qname.c, DNSTypeName(q->qtype), q->CurrentAnswers);
				rr->resrec.rroriginalttl = 0;
				rr->UnansweredQueries = MaxUnansweredQueries;
				}
			}
		}

	if (!rr->DelayDelivery)
		{
		if (m->CurrentQuestion)
			LogMsg("CacheRecordAdd ERROR m->CurrentQuestion already set: %##s (%s)", m->CurrentQuestion->qname.c, DNSTypeName(m->CurrentQuestion->qtype));
		m->CurrentQuestion = m->Questions;
		while (m->CurrentQuestion && m->CurrentQuestion != m->NewQuestions)
			{
			q = m->CurrentQuestion;
			if (ResourceRecordAnswersQuestion(&rr->resrec, q))
				AnswerCurrentQuestionWithResourceRecord(m, rr, QC_add);
			if (m->CurrentQuestion == q)	// If m->CurrentQuestion was not auto-advanced, do it ourselves now
				m->CurrentQuestion = q->next;
			}
		m->CurrentQuestion = mDNSNULL;
		}

	SetNextCacheCheckTimeForRecord(m, rr);
	}

// NoCacheAnswer is only called from mDNSCoreReceiveResponse, *never* directly as a result of a client API call.
// If new questions are created as a result of invoking client callbacks, they will be added to
// the end of the question list, and m->NewQuestions will be set to indicate the first new question.
// rr is a new CacheRecord just received from the wire (kDNSRecordTypePacketAns/AnsUnique/Add/AddUnique)
// but we don't have any place to cache it. We'll deliver question 'add' events now, but we won't have any
// way to deliver 'remove' events in future, nor will we be able to include this in known-answer lists,
// so we immediately bump ThisQInterval up to MaxQuestionInterval to avoid pounding the network.
// Note: NoCacheAnswer calls AnswerCurrentQuestionWithResourceRecord which can call a user callback,
// which may change the record list and/or question list.
// Any code walking either list must use the CurrentQuestion and/or CurrentRecord mechanism to protect against this.
mDNSlocal void NoCacheAnswer(mDNS *const m, CacheRecord *rr)
	{
	LogMsg("No cache space: Delivering non-cached result for %##s", m->rec.r.resrec.name->c);
	if (m->CurrentQuestion)
		LogMsg("NoCacheAnswer ERROR m->CurrentQuestion already set: %##s (%s)", m->CurrentQuestion->qname.c, DNSTypeName(m->CurrentQuestion->qtype));
	m->CurrentQuestion = m->Questions;
	// We do this for *all* questions, not stopping when we get to m->NewQuestions,
	// since we're not caching the record and we'll get no opportunity to do this later
	while (m->CurrentQuestion)
		{
		DNSQuestion *q = m->CurrentQuestion;
		if (ResourceRecordAnswersQuestion(&rr->resrec, q))
			AnswerCurrentQuestionWithResourceRecord(m, rr, QC_addnocache);	// QC_addnocache means "don't expect remove events for this"
		if (m->CurrentQuestion == q)	// If m->CurrentQuestion was not auto-advanced, do it ourselves now
			m->CurrentQuestion = q->next;
		}
	m->CurrentQuestion = mDNSNULL;
	}

// CacheRecordRmv is only called from CheckCacheExpiration, which is called from mDNS_Execute.
// Note that CacheRecordRmv is *only* called for records that are referenced by at least one active question.
// If new questions are created as a result of invoking client callbacks, they will be added to
// the end of the question list, and m->NewQuestions will be set to indicate the first new question.
// rr is an existing cache CacheRecord that just expired and is being deleted
// (kDNSRecordTypePacketAns/PacketAnsUnique/PacketAdd/PacketAddUnique).
// Note: CacheRecordRmv calls AnswerCurrentQuestionWithResourceRecord which can call a user callback,
// which may change the record list and/or question list.
// Any code walking either list must use the CurrentQuestion and/or CurrentRecord mechanism to protect against this.
mDNSlocal void CacheRecordRmv(mDNS *const m, CacheRecord *rr)
	{
	if (m->CurrentQuestion)
		LogMsg("CacheRecordRmv ERROR m->CurrentQuestion already set: %##s (%s)",
			m->CurrentQuestion->qname.c, DNSTypeName(m->CurrentQuestion->qtype));
	m->CurrentQuestion = m->Questions;

	// We stop when we get to NewQuestions -- for new questions their CurrentAnswers/LargeAnswers/UniqueAnswers counters
	// will all still be zero because we haven't yet gone through the cache counting how many answers we have for them.
	while (m->CurrentQuestion && m->CurrentQuestion != m->NewQuestions)
		{
		DNSQuestion *q = m->CurrentQuestion;
		// When a question enters suppressed state, we generate RMV events and generate a negative
		// response. A cache may be present that answers this question e.g., cache entry generated
		// before the question became suppressed. We need to skip the suppressed questions here as
		// the RMV event has already been generated.
		if (!QuerySuppressed(q) && ResourceRecordAnswersQuestion(&rr->resrec, q))
			{
			verbosedebugf("CacheRecordRmv %p %s", rr, CRDisplayString(m, rr));
			q->FlappingInterface1 = mDNSNULL;
			q->FlappingInterface2 = mDNSNULL;
		
			// When a question changes DNS server, it is marked with deliverAddEvents if we find any
			// cache entry corresponding to the new DNS server. Before we deliver the ADD event, the
			// cache entry may be removed in which case CurrentAnswers can be zero.
			if (q->deliverAddEvents && !q->CurrentAnswers)
				{
				LogInfo("CacheRecordRmv: Question %p %##s (%s) deliverAddEvents set, DNSServer %#a:%d",
					q, q->qname.c, DNSTypeName(q->qtype), q->qDNSServer ? &q->qDNSServer->addr : mDNSNULL,
					mDNSVal16(q->qDNSServer ? q->qDNSServer->port : zeroIPPort));
				m->CurrentQuestion = q->next;
				continue;
				}
			if (q->CurrentAnswers == 0)
				LogMsg("CacheRecordRmv ERROR!!: How can CurrentAnswers already be zero for %p %##s (%s) DNSServer %#a:%d",
					q, q->qname.c, DNSTypeName(q->qtype), q->qDNSServer ? &q->qDNSServer->addr : mDNSNULL,
					mDNSVal16(q->qDNSServer ? q->qDNSServer->port : zeroIPPort));
			else
				{
				q->CurrentAnswers--;
				if (rr->resrec.rdlength > SmallRecordLimit) q->LargeAnswers--;
				if (rr->resrec.RecordType & kDNSRecordTypePacketUniqueMask) q->UniqueAnswers--;
				}
			if (rr->resrec.rdata->MaxRDLength) // Never generate "remove" events for negative results
				{
				if (q->CurrentAnswers == 0)
					{
					LogInfo("CacheRecordRmv: Last answer for %##s (%s) expired from cache; will reconfirm antecedents",
						q->qname.c, DNSTypeName(q->qtype));
					ReconfirmAntecedents(m, &q->qname, q->qnamehash, 0);
					}
				AnswerCurrentQuestionWithResourceRecord(m, rr, QC_rmv);
				}
			}
		if (m->CurrentQuestion == q)	// If m->CurrentQuestion was not auto-advanced, do it ourselves now
			m->CurrentQuestion = q->next;
		}
	m->CurrentQuestion = mDNSNULL;
	}

mDNSlocal void ReleaseCacheEntity(mDNS *const m, CacheEntity *e)
	{
#if APPLE_OSX_mDNSResponder && MACOSX_MDNS_MALLOC_DEBUGGING >= 1
	unsigned int i;
	for (i=0; i<sizeof(*e); i++) ((char*)e)[i] = 0xFF;
#endif
	e->next = m->rrcache_free;
	m->rrcache_free = e;
	m->rrcache_totalused--;
	}

mDNSlocal void ReleaseCacheGroup(mDNS *const m, CacheGroup **cp)
	{
	CacheEntity *e = (CacheEntity *)(*cp);
	//LogMsg("ReleaseCacheGroup:  Releasing CacheGroup for %p, %##s", (*cp)->name->c, (*cp)->name->c);
	if ((*cp)->rrcache_tail != &(*cp)->members)
		LogMsg("ERROR: (*cp)->members == mDNSNULL but (*cp)->rrcache_tail != &(*cp)->members)");
	//if ((*cp)->name != (domainname*)((*cp)->namestorage))
	//	LogMsg("ReleaseCacheGroup: %##s, %p %p", (*cp)->name->c, (*cp)->name, (domainname*)((*cp)->namestorage));
	if ((*cp)->name != (domainname*)((*cp)->namestorage)) mDNSPlatformMemFree((*cp)->name);
	(*cp)->name = mDNSNULL;
	*cp = (*cp)->next;			// Cut record from list
	ReleaseCacheEntity(m, e);
	}

mDNSlocal void ReleaseCacheRecord(mDNS *const m, CacheRecord *r)
	{
	//LogMsg("ReleaseCacheRecord: Releasing %s", CRDisplayString(m, r));
	if (r->resrec.rdata && r->resrec.rdata != (RData*)&r->smallrdatastorage) mDNSPlatformMemFree(r->resrec.rdata);
	r->resrec.rdata = mDNSNULL;
	ReleaseCacheEntity(m, (CacheEntity *)r);
	}

// Note: We want to be careful that we deliver all the CacheRecordRmv calls before delivering
// CacheRecordDeferredAdd calls. The in-order nature of the cache lists ensures that all
// callbacks for old records are delivered before callbacks for newer records.
mDNSlocal void CheckCacheExpiration(mDNS *const m, const mDNSu32 slot, CacheGroup *const cg)
	{
	CacheRecord **rp = &cg->members;

	if (m->lock_rrcache) { LogMsg("CheckCacheExpiration ERROR! Cache already locked!"); return; }
	m->lock_rrcache = 1;

	while (*rp)
		{
		CacheRecord *const rr = *rp;
		mDNSs32 event = RRExpireTime(rr);
		if (m->timenow - event >= 0)	// If expired, delete it
			{
			*rp = rr->next;				// Cut it from the list
			verbosedebugf("CheckCacheExpiration: Deleting%7d %7d %p %s",
				m->timenow - rr->TimeRcvd, rr->resrec.rroriginalttl, rr->CRActiveQuestion, CRDisplayString(m, rr));
			if (rr->CRActiveQuestion)	// If this record has one or more active questions, tell them it's going away
				{
				DNSQuestion *q = rr->CRActiveQuestion;
				// When a cache record is about to expire, we expect to do four queries at 80-82%, 85-87%, 90-92% and
				// then 95-97% of the TTL. If the DNS server does not respond, then we will remove the cache entry
				// before we pick a new DNS server. As the question interval is set to MaxQuestionInterval, we may
				// not send out a query anytime soon. Hence, we need to reset the question interval. If this is
				// a normal deferred ADD case, then AnswerCurrentQuestionWithResourceRecord will reset it to
				// MaxQuestionInterval. If we have inactive questions referring to negative cache entries,
				// don't ressurect them as they will deliver duplicate "No such Record" ADD events
				if (!mDNSOpaque16IsZero(q->TargetQID) && !q->LongLived && ActiveQuestion(q))
					{
					q->ThisQInterval = InitialQuestionInterval;
					q->LastQTime     = m->timenow - q->ThisQInterval;
					SetNextQueryTime(m, q);
					}
				CacheRecordRmv(m, rr);
				m->rrcache_active--;
				}
			ReleaseCacheRecord(m, rr);
			}
		else							// else, not expired; see if we need to query
			{
			// If waiting to delay delivery, do nothing until then
			if (rr->DelayDelivery && rr->DelayDelivery - m->timenow > 0)
				event = rr->DelayDelivery;
			else
				{
				if (rr->DelayDelivery) CacheRecordDeferredAdd(m, rr);
				if (rr->CRActiveQuestion && rr->UnansweredQueries < MaxUnansweredQueries)
					{
					if (m->timenow - rr->NextRequiredQuery < 0)		// If not yet time for next query
						event = NextCacheCheckEvent(rr);			// then just record when we want the next query
					else											// else trigger our question to go out now
						{
						// Set NextScheduledQuery to timenow so that SendQueries() will run.
						// SendQueries() will see that we have records close to expiration, and send FEQs for them.
						m->NextScheduledQuery = m->timenow;
						// After sending the query we'll increment UnansweredQueries and call SetNextCacheCheckTimeForRecord(),
						// which will correctly update m->NextCacheCheck for us.
						event = m->timenow + 0x3FFFFFFF;
						}
					}
				}
			verbosedebugf("CheckCacheExpiration:%6d %5d %s",
				(event - m->timenow) / mDNSPlatformOneSecond, CacheCheckGracePeriod(rr), CRDisplayString(m, rr));
			if (m->rrcache_nextcheck[slot] - event > 0)
				m->rrcache_nextcheck[slot] = event;
			rp = &rr->next;
			}
		}
	if (cg->rrcache_tail != rp) verbosedebugf("CheckCacheExpiration: Updating CacheGroup tail from %p to %p", cg->rrcache_tail, rp);
	cg->rrcache_tail = rp;
	m->lock_rrcache = 0;
	}

// Caller should hold the lock
mDNSlocal void AnswerSuppressUnusableQuestion(mDNS *const m, DNSQuestion *q)
	{
	LogInfo("AnswerSuppressUnusableQuestion: Generating negative response for question %##s (%s)", q->qname.c, DNSTypeName(q->qtype));
	if (!m->CurrentQuestion) LogMsg("AnswerSuppressUnusableQuestion: ERROR!! CurrentQuestion not set");

	MakeNegativeCacheRecord(m, &m->rec.r, &q->qname, q->qnamehash, q->qtype, q->qclass, 60, mDNSInterface_Any, mDNSNULL);
	AnswerCurrentQuestionWithResourceRecord(m, &m->rec.r, QC_addnocache);
	if (m->CurrentQuestion == q) q->ThisQInterval = 0;				// Deactivate this question
	// Don't touch the question after this
	m->rec.r.resrec.RecordType = 0;		// Clear RecordType to show we're not still using it
	}

mDNSlocal void AnswerNewQuestion(mDNS *const m)
	{
	mDNSBool ShouldQueryImmediately = mDNStrue;
	DNSQuestion *const q = m->NewQuestions;		// Grab the question we're going to answer
	const mDNSu32 slot = HashSlot(&q->qname);
	CacheGroup *const cg = CacheGroupForName(m, slot, q->qnamehash, &q->qname);

	verbosedebugf("AnswerNewQuestion: Answering %##s (%s)", q->qname.c, DNSTypeName(q->qtype));

	if (cg) CheckCacheExpiration(m, slot, cg);
	if (m->NewQuestions != q) { LogInfo("AnswerNewQuestion: Question deleted while doing CheckCacheExpiration"); goto exit; }
	m->NewQuestions = q->next;
	// Advance NewQuestions to the next *after* calling CheckCacheExpiration, because if we advance it first
	// then CheckCacheExpiration may give this question add/remove callbacks, and it's not yet ready for that.
	//
	// Also, CheckCacheExpiration() calls CacheRecordDeferredAdd() and CacheRecordRmv(), which invoke
	// client callbacks, which may delete their own or any other question. Our mechanism for detecting
	// whether our current m->NewQuestions question got deleted by one of these callbacks is to store the
	// value of m->NewQuestions in 'q' before calling CheckCacheExpiration(), and then verify afterwards
	// that they're still the same. If m->NewQuestions has changed (because mDNS_StopQuery_internal
	// advanced it), that means the question was deleted, so we no longer need to worry about answering
	// it (and indeed 'q' is now a dangling pointer, so dereferencing it at all would be bad, and the
	// values we computed for slot and cg are now stale and relate to a question that no longer exists).
	//
	// We can't use the usual m->CurrentQuestion mechanism for this because  CacheRecordDeferredAdd() and
	// CacheRecordRmv() both use that themselves when walking the list of (non-new) questions generating callbacks.
	// Fortunately mDNS_StopQuery_internal auto-advances both m->CurrentQuestion *AND* m->NewQuestions when
	// deleting a question, so luckily we have an easy alternative way of detecting if our question got deleted.
	
	if (m->lock_rrcache) LogMsg("AnswerNewQuestion ERROR! Cache already locked!");
	// This should be safe, because calling the client's question callback may cause the
	// question list to be modified, but should not ever cause the rrcache list to be modified.
	// If the client's question callback deletes the question, then m->CurrentQuestion will
	// be advanced, and we'll exit out of the loop
	m->lock_rrcache = 1;
	if (m->CurrentQuestion)
		LogMsg("AnswerNewQuestion ERROR m->CurrentQuestion already set: %##s (%s)",
			m->CurrentQuestion->qname.c, DNSTypeName(m->CurrentQuestion->qtype));
	m->CurrentQuestion = q;		// Indicate which question we're answering, so we'll know if it gets deleted

	if (q->NoAnswer == NoAnswer_Fail)
		{
		LogMsg("AnswerNewQuestion: NoAnswer_Fail %##s (%s)", q->qname.c, DNSTypeName(q->qtype));
		MakeNegativeCacheRecord(m, &m->rec.r, &q->qname, q->qnamehash, q->qtype, q->qclass, 60, mDNSInterface_Any, q->qDNSServer);
		q->NoAnswer = NoAnswer_Normal;		// Temporarily turn off answer suppression
		AnswerCurrentQuestionWithResourceRecord(m, &m->rec.r, QC_addnocache);
		q->NoAnswer = NoAnswer_Fail;		// Restore NoAnswer state
		m->rec.r.resrec.RecordType = 0;		// Clear RecordType to show we're not still using it
		}
	if (m->CurrentQuestion != q) { LogInfo("AnswerNewQuestion: Question deleted while generating NoAnswer_Fail response"); goto exit; }

	// If 'mDNSInterface_Any' question, see if we want to tell it about LocalOnly records
	if (q->InterfaceID == mDNSInterface_Any)
		{
		if (m->CurrentRecord)
			LogMsg("AnswerNewQuestion ERROR m->CurrentRecord already set %s", ARDisplayString(m, m->CurrentRecord));
		m->CurrentRecord = m->ResourceRecords;
		while (m->CurrentRecord && m->CurrentRecord != m->NewLocalRecords)
			{
			AuthRecord *rr = m->CurrentRecord;
			m->CurrentRecord = rr->next;
			if (rr->resrec.InterfaceID == mDNSInterface_LocalOnly || rr->resrec.InterfaceID == mDNSInterface_P2P)
				if (ResourceRecordAnswersQuestion(&rr->resrec, q))
					{
					AnswerLocalQuestionWithLocalAuthRecord(m, q, rr, mDNStrue);
					if (m->CurrentQuestion != q) break;		// If callback deleted q, then we're finished here
					}
			}
		m->CurrentRecord = mDNSNULL;
		}
	if (m->CurrentQuestion != q) { LogInfo("AnswerNewQuestion: Question deleted while while giving LocalOnly record answers"); goto exit; }

	// If we are not supposed to answer this question, generate a negative response.
	// Temporarily suspend the SuppressQuery so that AnswerCurrentQuestionWithResourceRecord can answer the question
	if (QuerySuppressed(q)) { q->SuppressQuery = mDNSfalse; AnswerSuppressUnusableQuestion(m, q); q->SuppressQuery = mDNStrue; }
	else
		{
		CacheRecord *rr;
		for (rr = cg ? cg->members : mDNSNULL; rr; rr=rr->next)
			if (SameNameRecordAnswersQuestion(&rr->resrec, q))
				{
				// SecsSinceRcvd is whole number of elapsed seconds, rounded down
				mDNSu32 SecsSinceRcvd = ((mDNSu32)(m->timenow - rr->TimeRcvd)) / mDNSPlatformOneSecond;
				if (rr->resrec.rroriginalttl <= SecsSinceRcvd)
					{
					LogMsg("AnswerNewQuestion: How is rr->resrec.rroriginalttl %lu <= SecsSinceRcvd %lu for %s %d %d",
						rr->resrec.rroriginalttl, SecsSinceRcvd, CRDisplayString(m, rr), m->timenow, rr->TimeRcvd);
					continue;	// Go to next one in loop
					}
	
				// If this record set is marked unique, then that means we can reasonably assume we have the whole set
				// -- we don't need to rush out on the network and query immediately to see if there are more answers out there
				if ((rr->resrec.RecordType & kDNSRecordTypePacketUniqueMask) || (q->ExpectUnique))
					ShouldQueryImmediately = mDNSfalse;
				q->CurrentAnswers++;
				if (rr->resrec.rdlength > SmallRecordLimit) q->LargeAnswers++;
				if (rr->resrec.RecordType & kDNSRecordTypePacketUniqueMask) q->UniqueAnswers++;
				AnswerCurrentQuestionWithResourceRecord(m, rr, QC_add);
				if (m->CurrentQuestion != q) break;		// If callback deleted q, then we're finished here
				}
			else if (RRTypeIsAddressType(rr->resrec.rrtype) && RRTypeIsAddressType(q->qtype))
				ShouldQueryImmediately = mDNSfalse;
		}
	// We don't use LogInfo for this "Question deleted" message because it happens so routinely that
	// it's not remotely remarkable, and therefore unlikely to be of much help tracking down bugs.
	if (m->CurrentQuestion != q) { debugf("AnswerNewQuestion: Question deleted while giving cache answers"); goto exit; }

	if (ShouldQueryImmediately && ActiveQuestion(q))
		{
		debugf("AnswerNewQuestion: ShouldQueryImmediately %##s (%s)", q->qname.c, DNSTypeName(q->qtype));
		q->ThisQInterval  = InitialQuestionInterval;
		q->LastQTime      = m->timenow - q->ThisQInterval;
		if (mDNSOpaque16IsZero(q->TargetQID))		// For mDNS, spread packets to avoid a burst of simultaneous queries
			{
			// Compute random delay in the range 1-6 seconds, then divide by 50 to get 20-120ms
			if (!m->RandomQueryDelay)
				m->RandomQueryDelay = (mDNSPlatformOneSecond + mDNSRandom(mDNSPlatformOneSecond*5) - 1) / 50 + 1;
			q->LastQTime += m->RandomQueryDelay;
			}
		}

	// IN ALL CASES make sure that m->NextScheduledQuery is set appropriately.
	// In cases where m->NewQuestions->DelayAnswering is set, we may have delayed generating our
	// answers for this question until *after* its scheduled transmission time, in which case
	// m->NextScheduledQuery may now be set to 'never', and in that case -- even though we're *not* doing
	// ShouldQueryImmediately -- we still need to make sure we set m->NextScheduledQuery correctly.
	SetNextQueryTime(m,q);

exit:
	m->CurrentQuestion = mDNSNULL;
	m->lock_rrcache = 0;
	}

// When a NewLocalOnlyQuestion is created, AnswerNewLocalOnlyQuestion runs though our ResourceRecords delivering any
// appropriate answers, stopping if it reaches a NewLocalRecord -- these will be handled by AnswerAllLocalQuestionsWithLocalAuthRecord
mDNSlocal void AnswerNewLocalOnlyQuestion(mDNS *const m)
	{
	DNSQuestion *q = m->NewLocalOnlyQuestions;		// Grab the question we're going to answer
	m->NewLocalOnlyQuestions = q->next;				// Advance NewLocalOnlyQuestions to the next (if any)

	debugf("AnswerNewLocalOnlyQuestion: Answering %##s (%s)", q->qname.c, DNSTypeName(q->qtype));

	if (m->CurrentQuestion)
		LogMsg("AnswerNewLocalOnlyQuestion ERROR m->CurrentQuestion already set: %##s (%s)",
			m->CurrentQuestion->qname.c, DNSTypeName(m->CurrentQuestion->qtype));
	m->CurrentQuestion = q;		// Indicate which question we're answering, so we'll know if it gets deleted

	if (m->CurrentRecord)
		LogMsg("AnswerNewLocalOnlyQuestion ERROR m->CurrentRecord already set %s", ARDisplayString(m, m->CurrentRecord));
	m->CurrentRecord = m->ResourceRecords;

	while (m->CurrentRecord && m->CurrentRecord != m->NewLocalRecords)
		{
		AuthRecord *rr = m->CurrentRecord;
		m->CurrentRecord = rr->next;
		if (ResourceRecordAnswersQuestion(&rr->resrec, q))
			{
			AnswerLocalQuestionWithLocalAuthRecord(m, q, rr, mDNStrue);
			if (m->CurrentQuestion != q) break;		// If callback deleted q, then we're finished here
			}
		}

	m->CurrentQuestion = mDNSNULL;
	m->CurrentRecord   = mDNSNULL;
	}

mDNSlocal CacheEntity *GetCacheEntity(mDNS *const m, const CacheGroup *const PreserveCG)
	{
	CacheEntity *e = mDNSNULL;

	if (m->lock_rrcache) { LogMsg("GetFreeCacheRR ERROR! Cache already locked!"); return(mDNSNULL); }
	m->lock_rrcache = 1;
	
	// If we have no free records, ask the client layer to give us some more memory
	if (!m->rrcache_free && m->MainCallback)
		{
		if (m->rrcache_totalused != m->rrcache_size)
			LogMsg("GetFreeCacheRR: count mismatch: m->rrcache_totalused %lu != m->rrcache_size %lu",
				m->rrcache_totalused, m->rrcache_size);
		
		// We don't want to be vulnerable to a malicious attacker flooding us with an infinite
		// number of bogus records so that we keep growing our cache until the machine runs out of memory.
		// To guard against this, if our cache grows above 512kB (approx 3168 records at 164 bytes each),
		// and we're actively using less than 1/32 of that cache, then we purge all the unused records
		// and recycle them, instead of allocating more memory.
		if (m->rrcache_size > 5000 && m->rrcache_size / 32 > m->rrcache_active)
			LogInfo("Possible denial-of-service attack in progress: m->rrcache_size %lu; m->rrcache_active %lu",
				m->rrcache_size, m->rrcache_active);
		else
			{
			mDNS_DropLockBeforeCallback();		// Allow client to legally make mDNS API calls from the callback
			m->MainCallback(m, mStatus_GrowCache);
			mDNS_ReclaimLockAfterCallback();	// Decrement mDNS_reentrancy to block mDNS API calls again
			}
		}
	
	// If we still have no free records, recycle all the records we can.
	// Enumerating the entire cache is moderately expensive, so when we do it, we reclaim all the records we can in one pass.
	if (!m->rrcache_free)
		{
		mDNSu32 oldtotalused = m->rrcache_totalused;
		mDNSu32 slot;
		for (slot = 0; slot < CACHE_HASH_SLOTS; slot++)
			{
			CacheGroup **cp = &m->rrcache_hash[slot];
			while (*cp)
				{
				CacheRecord **rp = &(*cp)->members;
				while (*rp)
					{
					// Records that answer still-active questions are not candidates for recycling
					// Records that are currently linked into the CacheFlushRecords list may not be recycled, or we'll crash
					if ((*rp)->CRActiveQuestion || (*rp)->NextInCFList)
						rp=&(*rp)->next;
					else
						{
						CacheRecord *rr = *rp;
						*rp = (*rp)->next;			// Cut record from list
						ReleaseCacheRecord(m, rr);
						}
					}
				if ((*cp)->rrcache_tail != rp)
					verbosedebugf("GetFreeCacheRR: Updating rrcache_tail[%lu] from %p to %p", slot, (*cp)->rrcache_tail, rp);
				(*cp)->rrcache_tail = rp;
				if ((*cp)->members || (*cp)==PreserveCG) cp=&(*cp)->next;
				else ReleaseCacheGroup(m, cp);
				}
			}
		LogInfo("GetCacheEntity recycled %d records to reduce cache from %d to %d",
			oldtotalused - m->rrcache_totalused, oldtotalused, m->rrcache_totalused);
		}

	if (m->rrcache_free)	// If there are records in the free list, take one
		{
		e = m->rrcache_free;
		m->rrcache_free = e->next;
		if (++m->rrcache_totalused >= m->rrcache_report)
			{
			LogInfo("RR Cache now using %ld objects", m->rrcache_totalused);
			if      (m->rrcache_report <  100) m->rrcache_report += 10;
			else if (m->rrcache_report < 1000) m->rrcache_report += 100;
			else                               m->rrcache_report += 1000;
			}
		mDNSPlatformMemZero(e, sizeof(*e));
		}

	m->lock_rrcache = 0;

	return(e);
	}

mDNSlocal CacheRecord *GetCacheRecord(mDNS *const m, CacheGroup *cg, mDNSu16 RDLength)
	{
	CacheRecord *r = (CacheRecord *)GetCacheEntity(m, cg);
	if (r)
		{
		r->resrec.rdata = (RData*)&r->smallrdatastorage;	// By default, assume we're usually going to be using local storage
		if (RDLength > InlineCacheRDSize)			// If RDLength is too big, allocate extra storage
			{
			r->resrec.rdata = (RData*)mDNSPlatformMemAllocate(sizeofRDataHeader + RDLength);
			if (r->resrec.rdata) r->resrec.rdata->MaxRDLength = r->resrec.rdlength = RDLength;
			else { ReleaseCacheEntity(m, (CacheEntity*)r); r = mDNSNULL; }
			}
		}
	return(r);
	}

mDNSlocal CacheGroup *GetCacheGroup(mDNS *const m, const mDNSu32 slot, const ResourceRecord *const rr)
	{
	mDNSu16 namelen = DomainNameLength(rr->name);
	CacheGroup *cg = (CacheGroup*)GetCacheEntity(m, mDNSNULL);
	if (!cg) { LogMsg("GetCacheGroup: Failed to allocate memory for %##s", rr->name->c); return(mDNSNULL); }
	cg->next         = m->rrcache_hash[slot];
	cg->namehash     = rr->namehash;
	cg->members      = mDNSNULL;
	cg->rrcache_tail = &cg->members;
	cg->name         = (domainname*)cg->namestorage;
	//LogMsg("GetCacheGroup: %-10s %d-byte cache name %##s",
	//	(namelen > InlineCacheGroupNameSize) ? "Allocating" : "Inline", namelen, rr->name->c);
	if (namelen > InlineCacheGroupNameSize) cg->name = mDNSPlatformMemAllocate(namelen);
	if (!cg->name)
		{
		LogMsg("GetCacheGroup: Failed to allocate name storage for %##s", rr->name->c);
		ReleaseCacheEntity(m, (CacheEntity*)cg);
		return(mDNSNULL);
		}
	AssignDomainName(cg->name, rr->name);

	if (CacheGroupForRecord(m, slot, rr)) LogMsg("GetCacheGroup: Already have CacheGroup for %##s", rr->name->c);
	m->rrcache_hash[slot] = cg;
	if (CacheGroupForRecord(m, slot, rr) != cg) LogMsg("GetCacheGroup: Not finding CacheGroup for %##s", rr->name->c);
	
	return(cg);
	}

mDNSexport void mDNS_PurgeCacheResourceRecord(mDNS *const m, CacheRecord *rr)
	{
	if (m->mDNS_busy != m->mDNS_reentrancy+1)
		LogMsg("mDNS_PurgeCacheResourceRecord: Lock not held! mDNS_busy (%ld) mDNS_reentrancy (%ld)", m->mDNS_busy, m->mDNS_reentrancy);
	// Make sure we mark this record as thoroughly expired -- we don't ever want to give
	// a positive answer using an expired record (e.g. from an interface that has gone away).
	// We don't want to clear CRActiveQuestion here, because that would leave the record subject to
	// summary deletion without giving the proper callback to any questions that are monitoring it.
	// By setting UnansweredQueries to MaxUnansweredQueries we ensure it won't trigger any further expiration queries.
	rr->TimeRcvd          = m->timenow - mDNSPlatformOneSecond * 60;
	rr->UnansweredQueries = MaxUnansweredQueries;
	rr->resrec.rroriginalttl     = 0;
	SetNextCacheCheckTimeForRecord(m, rr);
	}

mDNSexport mDNSs32 mDNS_TimeNow(const mDNS *const m)
	{
	mDNSs32 time;
	mDNSPlatformLock(m);
	if (m->mDNS_busy)
		{
		LogMsg("mDNS_TimeNow called while holding mDNS lock. This is incorrect. Code protected by lock should just use m->timenow.");
		if (!m->timenow) LogMsg("mDNS_TimeNow: m->mDNS_busy is %ld but m->timenow not set", m->mDNS_busy);
		}
	
	if (m->timenow) time = m->timenow;
	else            time = mDNS_TimeNow_NoLock(m);
	mDNSPlatformUnlock(m);
	return(time);
	}

// To avoid pointless CPU thrash, we use SetSPSProxyListChanged(X) to record the last interface that
// had its Sleep Proxy client list change, and defer to actual BPF reconfiguration to mDNS_Execute().
// (GetNextScheduledEvent() returns "now" when m->SPSProxyListChanged is set)
#define SetSPSProxyListChanged(X) do { \
	if (m->SPSProxyListChanged && m->SPSProxyListChanged != (X)) mDNSPlatformUpdateProxyList(m, m->SPSProxyListChanged); \
	m->SPSProxyListChanged = (X); } while(0)

// Called from mDNS_Execute() to expire stale proxy records
mDNSlocal void CheckProxyRecords(mDNS *const m, AuthRecord *list)
	{
	m->CurrentRecord = list;
	while (m->CurrentRecord)
		{
		AuthRecord *rr = m->CurrentRecord;
		if (rr->resrec.RecordType != kDNSRecordTypeDeregistering && rr->WakeUp.HMAC.l[0])
			{
			// If m->SPSSocket is NULL that means we're not acting as a sleep proxy any more,
			// so we need to cease proxying for *all* records we may have, expired or not.
			if (m->SPSSocket && m->timenow - rr->TimeExpire < 0)	// If proxy record not expired yet, update m->NextScheduledSPS
				{
				if (m->NextScheduledSPS - rr->TimeExpire > 0)
					m->NextScheduledSPS = rr->TimeExpire;
				}
			else													// else proxy record expired, so remove it
				{
				LogSPS("CheckProxyRecords: Removing %d H-MAC %.6a I-MAC %.6a %d %s",
					m->ProxyRecords, &rr->WakeUp.HMAC, &rr->WakeUp.IMAC, rr->WakeUp.seq, ARDisplayString(m, rr));
				SetSPSProxyListChanged(rr->resrec.InterfaceID);
				mDNS_Deregister_internal(m, rr, mDNS_Dereg_normal);
				// Don't touch rr after this -- memory may have been free'd
				}
			}
		// Mustn't advance m->CurrentRecord until *after* mDNS_Deregister_internal, because
		// new records could have been added to the end of the list as a result of that call.
		if (m->CurrentRecord == rr) // If m->CurrentRecord was not advanced for us, do it now
			m->CurrentRecord = rr->next;
		}
	}

mDNSexport mDNSs32 mDNS_Execute(mDNS *const m)
	{
	mDNS_Lock(m);	// Must grab lock before trying to read m->timenow

	if (m->timenow - m->NextScheduledEvent >= 0)
		{
		int i;
		AuthRecord *head, *tail;

		verbosedebugf("mDNS_Execute");

		if (m->CurrentQuestion)
			LogMsg("mDNS_Execute: ERROR m->CurrentQuestion already set: %##s (%s)",
				m->CurrentQuestion->qname.c, DNSTypeName(m->CurrentQuestion->qtype));
	
		if (m->CurrentRecord)
			LogMsg("mDNS_Execute: ERROR m->CurrentRecord already set: %s", ARDisplayString(m, m->CurrentRecord));
	
		// 1. If we're past the probe suppression time, we can clear it
		if (m->SuppressProbes && m->timenow - m->SuppressProbes >= 0) m->SuppressProbes = 0;
	
		// 2. If it's been more than ten seconds since the last probe failure, we can clear the counter
		if (m->NumFailedProbes && m->timenow - m->ProbeFailTime >= mDNSPlatformOneSecond * 10) m->NumFailedProbes = 0;
		
		// 3. Purge our cache of stale old records
		if (m->rrcache_size && m->timenow - m->NextCacheCheck >= 0)
			{
			mDNSu32 slot, numchecked = 0;
			m->NextCacheCheck = m->timenow + 0x3FFFFFFF;
			for (slot = 0; slot < CACHE_HASH_SLOTS; slot++)
				{
				if (m->timenow - m->rrcache_nextcheck[slot] >= 0)
					{
					CacheGroup **cp = &m->rrcache_hash[slot];
					m->rrcache_nextcheck[slot] = m->timenow + 0x3FFFFFFF;
					while (*cp)
						{
						debugf("m->NextCacheCheck %4d Slot %3d %##s", numchecked, slot, *cp ? (*cp)->name : (domainname*)"\x04NULL");
						numchecked++;
						CheckCacheExpiration(m, slot, *cp);
						if ((*cp)->members) cp=&(*cp)->next;
						else ReleaseCacheGroup(m, cp);
						}
					}
				// Even if we didn't need to actually check this slot yet, still need to
				// factor its nextcheck time into our overall NextCacheCheck value
				if (m->NextCacheCheck - m->rrcache_nextcheck[slot] > 0)
					m->NextCacheCheck = m->rrcache_nextcheck[slot];
				}
			debugf("m->NextCacheCheck %4d checked, next in %d", numchecked, m->NextCacheCheck - m->timenow);
			}
	
		if (m->timenow - m->NextScheduledSPS >= 0)
			{
			m->NextScheduledSPS = m->timenow + 0x3FFFFFFF;
			CheckProxyRecords(m, m->DuplicateRecords);	// Clear m->DuplicateRecords first, then m->ResourceRecords
			CheckProxyRecords(m, m->ResourceRecords);
			}

		SetSPSProxyListChanged(mDNSNULL);		// Perform any deferred BPF reconfiguration now

		// Clear AnnounceOwner if necessary. (Do this *before* SendQueries() and SendResponses().)
		if (m->AnnounceOwner && m->timenow - m->AnnounceOwner >= 0) m->AnnounceOwner = 0;

		if (m->DelaySleep && m->timenow - m->DelaySleep >= 0)
			{
			m->DelaySleep = 0;
			if (m->SleepState == SleepState_Transferring)
				{
				LogSPS("Re-sleep delay passed; now checking for Sleep Proxy Servers");
				BeginSleepProcessing(m);
				}
			}

		// 4. See if we can answer any of our new local questions from the cache
		for (i=0; m->NewQuestions && i<1000; i++)
			{
			if (m->NewQuestions->DelayAnswering && m->timenow - m->NewQuestions->DelayAnswering < 0) break;
			AnswerNewQuestion(m);
			}
		if (i >= 1000) LogMsg("mDNS_Execute: AnswerNewQuestion exceeded loop limit");

		// Make sure we deliver *all* local RMV events, and clear the corresponding rr->AnsweredLocalQ flags, *before*
		// we begin generating *any* new ADD events in the m->NewLocalOnlyQuestions and m->NewLocalRecords loops below.
		for (i=0; i<1000 && m->LocalRemoveEvents; i++)
			{
			m->LocalRemoveEvents = mDNSfalse;
			m->CurrentRecord = m->ResourceRecords;
			while (m->CurrentRecord)
				{
				AuthRecord *rr = m->CurrentRecord;
				if (rr->AnsweredLocalQ && rr->resrec.RecordType == kDNSRecordTypeDeregistering)
					{
					debugf("mDNS_Execute: Generating local RMV events for %s", ARDisplayString(m, rr));
					rr->resrec.RecordType = kDNSRecordTypeShared;
					AnswerAllLocalQuestionsWithLocalAuthRecord(m, rr, mDNSfalse);
					if (m->CurrentRecord == rr)	// If rr still exists in list, restore its state now
						{
						rr->resrec.RecordType = kDNSRecordTypeDeregistering;
						rr->AnsweredLocalQ = mDNSfalse;
						}
					}
				if (m->CurrentRecord == rr)		// If m->CurrentRecord was not auto-advanced, do it ourselves now
					m->CurrentRecord = rr->next;
				}
			}
		if (i >= 1000) LogMsg("mDNS_Execute: m->LocalRemoveEvents exceeded loop limit");
		
		for (i=0; m->NewLocalOnlyQuestions && i<1000; i++) AnswerNewLocalOnlyQuestion(m);
		if (i >= 1000) LogMsg("mDNS_Execute: AnswerNewLocalOnlyQuestion exceeded loop limit");

		head = tail = mDNSNULL;
		for (i=0; i<1000 && m->NewLocalRecords && m->NewLocalRecords != head; i++)
			{
			AuthRecord *rr = m->NewLocalRecords;
			m->NewLocalRecords = m->NewLocalRecords->next;
			if (LocalRecordReady(rr))
				{
				debugf("mDNS_Execute: Delivering Add event with LocalAuthRecord %s", ARDisplayString(m, rr));
				AnswerAllLocalQuestionsWithLocalAuthRecord(m, rr, mDNStrue);
				}
			else if (!rr->next)
				{
				// If we have just one record that is not ready, we don't have to unlink and
				// reinsert. As the NewLocalRecords will be NULL for this case, the loop will
				// terminate and set the NewLocalRecords to rr.
				debugf("mDNS_Execute: Just one LocalAuthRecord %s, breaking out of the loop early", ARDisplayString(m, rr));
				if (head != mDNSNULL || m->NewLocalRecords != mDNSNULL)
					LogMsg("mDNS_Execute: ERROR!!: head %p, NewLocalRecords %p", head, m->NewLocalRecords);
					
				head = rr;
				}
			else
				{
				AuthRecord **p = &m->ResourceRecords;	// Find this record in our list of active records
				debugf("mDNS_Execute: Skipping LocalAuthRecord %s", ARDisplayString(m, rr));
				// if this is the first record we are skipping, move to the end of the list.
				// if we have already skipped records before, append it at the end.
				while (*p && *p != rr) p=&(*p)->next;
				if (*p) *p = rr->next;					// Cut this record from the list
				else { LogMsg("mDNS_Execute: ERROR!! Cannot find record %s in ResourceRecords list", ARDisplayString(m, rr)); break; }
				if (!head)
					{
					while (*p) p=&(*p)->next;
					*p = rr;
					head = tail = rr;
					}
				else
					{
					tail->next = rr;
					tail = rr;
					}
				rr->next = mDNSNULL;
				}
			}
		m->NewLocalRecords = head;
		debugf("mDNS_Execute: Setting NewLocalRecords to %s", (head ? ARDisplayString(m, head) : "NULL"));

		if (i >= 1000) LogMsg("mDNS_Execute: m->NewLocalRecords exceeded loop limit");

		// 5. Some questions may have picked a new DNS server and the cache may answer these questions now.
		AnswerQuestionsForDNSServerChanges(m);

		// 6. See what packets we need to send
		if (m->mDNSPlatformStatus != mStatus_NoError || (m->SleepState == SleepState_Sleeping))
			DiscardDeregistrations(m);
		if (m->mDNSPlatformStatus == mStatus_NoError && (m->SuppressSending == 0 || m->timenow - m->SuppressSending >= 0))
			{
			// If the platform code is ready, and we're not suppressing packet generation right now
			// then send our responses, probes, and questions.
			// We check the cache first, because there might be records close to expiring that trigger questions to refresh them.
			// We send queries next, because there might be final-stage probes that complete their probing here, causing
			// them to advance to announcing state, and we want those to be included in any announcements we send out.
			// Finally, we send responses, including the previously mentioned records that just completed probing.
			m->SuppressSending = 0;
	
			// 7. Send Query packets. This may cause some probing records to advance to announcing state
			if (m->timenow - m->NextScheduledQuery >= 0 || m->timenow - m->NextScheduledProbe >= 0) SendQueries(m);
			if (m->timenow - m->NextScheduledQuery >= 0)
				{
				DNSQuestion *q;
				LogMsg("mDNS_Execute: SendQueries didn't send all its queries (%d - %d = %d) will try again in one second",
					m->timenow, m->NextScheduledQuery, m->timenow - m->NextScheduledQuery);
				m->NextScheduledQuery = m->timenow + mDNSPlatformOneSecond;
				for (q = m->Questions; q && q != m->NewQuestions; q=q->next)
					if (ActiveQuestion(q) && m->timenow - NextQSendTime(q) >= 0)
						LogMsg("mDNS_Execute: SendQueries didn't send %##s (%s)", q->qname.c, DNSTypeName(q->qtype));
				}
			if (m->timenow - m->NextScheduledProbe >= 0)
				{
				LogMsg("mDNS_Execute: SendQueries didn't send all its probes (%d - %d = %d) will try again in one second",
					m->timenow, m->NextScheduledProbe, m->timenow - m->NextScheduledProbe);
				m->NextScheduledProbe = m->timenow + mDNSPlatformOneSecond;
				}
	
			// 8. Send Response packets, including probing records just advanced to announcing state
			if (m->timenow - m->NextScheduledResponse >= 0) SendResponses(m);
			if (m->timenow - m->NextScheduledResponse >= 0)
				{
				LogMsg("mDNS_Execute: SendResponses didn't send all its responses; will try again in one second");
				m->NextScheduledResponse = m->timenow + mDNSPlatformOneSecond;
				}
			}

		// Clear RandomDelay values, ready to pick a new different value next time
		m->RandomQueryDelay     = 0;
		m->RandomReconfirmDelay = 0;

#ifndef UNICAST_DISABLED
		if (m->NextSRVUpdate && m->timenow - m->NextSRVUpdate >= 0) UpdateAllSRVRecords(m);
		if (m->timenow - m->NextScheduledNATOp >= 0) CheckNATMappings(m);
		if (m->timenow - m->NextuDNSEvent >= 0) uDNS_Tasks(m);
#endif
		}

	// Note about multi-threaded systems:
	// On a multi-threaded system, some other thread could run right after the mDNS_Unlock(),
	// performing mDNS API operations that change our next scheduled event time.
	//
	// On multi-threaded systems (like the current Windows implementation) that have a single main thread
	// calling mDNS_Execute() (and other threads allowed to call mDNS API routines) it is the responsibility
	// of the mDNSPlatformUnlock() routine to signal some kind of stateful condition variable that will
	// signal whatever blocking primitive the main thread is using, so that it will wake up and execute one
	// more iteration of its loop, and immediately call mDNS_Execute() again. The signal has to be stateful
	// in the sense that if the main thread has not yet entered its blocking primitive, then as soon as it
	// does, the state of the signal will be noticed, causing the blocking primitive to return immediately
	// without blocking. This avoids the race condition between the signal from the other thread arriving
	// just *before* or just *after* the main thread enters the blocking primitive.
	//
	// On multi-threaded systems (like the current Mac OS 9 implementation) that are entirely timer-driven,
	// with no main mDNS_Execute() thread, it is the responsibility of the mDNSPlatformUnlock() routine to
	// set the timer according to the m->NextScheduledEvent value, and then when the timer fires, the timer
	// callback function should call mDNS_Execute() (and ignore the return value, which may already be stale
	// by the time it gets to the timer callback function).

	mDNS_Unlock(m);		// Calling mDNS_Unlock is what gives m->NextScheduledEvent its new value
	return(m->NextScheduledEvent);
	}

mDNSlocal void SuspendLLQs(mDNS *m)
	{
	DNSQuestion *q;
	for (q = m->Questions; q; q = q->next)
		if (ActiveQuestion(q) && !mDNSOpaque16IsZero(q->TargetQID) && q->LongLived && q->state == LLQ_Established)
			{ q->ReqLease = 0; sendLLQRefresh(m, q); }
	}

// ActivateUnicastQuery() is called from three places:
// 1. When a new question is created
// 2. On wake from sleep
// 3. When the DNS configuration changes
// In case 1 we don't want to mess with our established ThisQInterval and LastQTime (ScheduleImmediately is false)
// In cases 2 and 3 we do want to cause the question to be resent immediately (ScheduleImmediately is true)
mDNSlocal void ActivateUnicastQuery(mDNS *const m, DNSQuestion *const question, mDNSBool ScheduleImmediately)
	{
	// For now this AutoTunnel stuff is specific to Mac OS X.
	// In the future, if there's demand, we may see if we can abstract it out cleanly into the platform layer
#if APPLE_OSX_mDNSResponder
	// Even though BTMM client tunnels are only useful for AAAA queries, we need to treat v4 and v6 queries equally.
	// Otherwise we can get the situation where the A query completes really fast (with an NXDOMAIN result) and the
	// caller then gives up waiting for the AAAA result while we're still in the process of setting up the tunnel.
	// To level the playing field, we block both A and AAAA queries while tunnel setup is in progress, and then
	// returns results for both at the same time. If we are looking for the _autotunnel6 record, then skip this logic
	// as this would trigger looking up _autotunnel6._autotunnel6 and end up failing the original query.

	if (RRTypeIsAddressType(question->qtype) && PrivateQuery(question) &&
		!SameDomainLabel(question->qname.c, (const mDNSu8 *)"\x0c_autotunnel6")&& question->QuestionCallback != AutoTunnelCallback)
		{
		question->NoAnswer = NoAnswer_Suspended;
		AddNewClientTunnel(m, question);
		return;
		}
#endif // APPLE_OSX_mDNSResponder

	if (!question->DuplicateOf)
		{
		debugf("ActivateUnicastQuery: %##s %s%s%s",
			question->qname.c, DNSTypeName(question->qtype), PrivateQuery(question) ? " (Private)" : "", ScheduleImmediately ? " ScheduleImmediately" : "");
		question->CNAMEReferrals = 0;
		if (question->nta) { CancelGetZoneData(m, question->nta); question->nta = mDNSNULL; }
		if (question->LongLived)
			{
			question->state = LLQ_InitialRequest;
			question->id = zeroOpaque64;
			question->servPort = zeroIPPort;
			if (question->tcp) { DisposeTCPConn(question->tcp); question->tcp = mDNSNULL; }
			}
		if (ScheduleImmediately)
			{
			question->ThisQInterval = InitialQuestionInterval;
			question->LastQTime     = m->timenow - question->ThisQInterval;
			SetNextQueryTime(m, question);
			}
		}
	}

mDNSexport void mDNSCoreRestartQueries(mDNS *const m)
	{
	DNSQuestion *q;

#ifndef UNICAST_DISABLED
	// Retrigger all our uDNS questions
	if (m->CurrentQuestion)
		LogMsg("mDNSCoreRestartQueries: ERROR m->CurrentQuestion already set: %##s (%s)",
			m->CurrentQuestion->qname.c, DNSTypeName(m->CurrentQuestion->qtype));
	m->CurrentQuestion = m->Questions;
	while (m->CurrentQuestion)
		{
		q = m->CurrentQuestion;
		m->CurrentQuestion = m->CurrentQuestion->next;
		if (!mDNSOpaque16IsZero(q->TargetQID) && ActiveQuestion(q)) ActivateUnicastQuery(m, q, mDNStrue);
		}
#endif

	// Retrigger all our mDNS questions
	for (q = m->Questions; q; q=q->next)				// Scan our list of questions
		if (mDNSOpaque16IsZero(q->TargetQID) && ActiveQuestion(q))
			{
			q->ThisQInterval    = InitialQuestionInterval;	// MUST be > zero for an active question
			q->RequestUnicast   = 2;						// Set to 2 because is decremented once *before* we check it
			q->LastQTime        = m->timenow - q->ThisQInterval;
			q->RecentAnswerPkts = 0;
			ExpireDupSuppressInfo(q->DupSuppress, m->timenow);
			m->NextScheduledQuery = m->timenow;
			}
	}

// ***************************************************************************
#if COMPILER_LIKES_PRAGMA_MARK
#pragma mark -
#pragma mark - Power Management (Sleep/Wake)
#endif

mDNSexport void mDNS_UpdateAllowSleep(mDNS *const m)
	{
#ifndef IDLESLEEPCONTROL_DISABLED
	mDNSBool allowSleep = mDNStrue;
	
	if (m->SystemSleepOnlyIfWakeOnLAN)
		{
		// Don't sleep if we are a proxy for any services
		if (m->ProxyRecords)
			{
			allowSleep = mDNSfalse;
			LogInfo("Sleep disabled because we are proxying %d records", m->ProxyRecords);
			}

		if (allowSleep && mDNSCoreHaveAdvertisedMulticastServices(m))
			{
			// Scan the list of active interfaces
			NetworkInterfaceInfo *intf;
			for (intf = GetFirstActiveInterface(m->HostInterfaces); intf; intf = GetFirstActiveInterface(intf->next))
				{
				if (intf->McastTxRx)
					{
					// Disallow sleep if this interface doesn't support NetWake
					if (!intf->NetWake)
						{
						allowSleep = mDNSfalse;
						LogInfo("Sleep disabled because %s does not support NetWake", intf->ifname);
						break;
						}

					// Disallow sleep if there is no sleep proxy server
					if (FindSPSInCache1(m, &intf->NetWakeBrowse, mDNSNULL, mDNSNULL) == mDNSNULL)
						{
						allowSleep = mDNSfalse;
						LogInfo("Sleep disabled because %s has no sleep proxy", intf->ifname);
						break;
						}
					}
				}
			}
#endif /* !defined(IDLESLEEPCONTROL_DISABLED) */
		}
	
	// Call the platform code to enable/disable sleep
	mDNSPlatformSetAllowSleep(m, allowSleep);
	}

mDNSlocal void SendSPSRegistration(mDNS *const m, NetworkInterfaceInfo *intf, const mDNSOpaque16 id)
	{
	const int optspace = DNSOpt_Header_Space + DNSOpt_LeaseData_Space + DNSOpt_Owner_Space(&m->PrimaryMAC, &intf->MAC);
	const int sps = intf->NextSPSAttempt / 3;
	AuthRecord *rr;

	if (!intf->SPSAddr[sps].type)
		{
		intf->NextSPSAttemptTime = m->timenow + mDNSPlatformOneSecond;
		if (m->NextScheduledSPRetry - intf->NextSPSAttemptTime > 0)
			m->NextScheduledSPRetry = intf->NextSPSAttemptTime;
		LogSPS("SendSPSRegistration: %s SPS %d (%d) %##s not yet resolved", intf->ifname, intf->NextSPSAttempt, sps, intf->NetWakeResolve[sps].qname.c);
		goto exit;
		}

	// Mark our mDNS records (not unicast records) for transfer to SPS
	if (mDNSOpaque16IsZero(id))
		for (rr = m->ResourceRecords; rr; rr=rr->next)
			if (rr->resrec.RecordType > kDNSRecordTypeDeregistering)
				if (rr->resrec.InterfaceID == intf->InterfaceID || (!rr->resrec.InterfaceID && (rr->ForceMCast || IsLocalDomain(rr->resrec.name))))
					rr->SendRNow = mDNSInterfaceMark;	// mark it now

	while (1)
		{
		mDNSu8 *p = m->omsg.data;
		// To comply with RFC 2782, PutResourceRecord suppresses name compression for SRV records in unicast updates.
		// For now we follow that same logic for SPS registrations too.
		// If we decide to compress SRV records in SPS registrations in the future, we can achieve that by creating our
		// initial DNSMessage with h.flags set to zero, and then update it to UpdateReqFlags right before sending the packet.
		InitializeDNSMessage(&m->omsg.h, mDNSOpaque16IsZero(id) ? mDNS_NewMessageID(m) : id, UpdateReqFlags);

		for (rr = m->ResourceRecords; rr; rr=rr->next)
			if (rr->SendRNow || (!mDNSOpaque16IsZero(id) && !AuthRecord_uDNS(rr) && mDNSSameOpaque16(rr->updateid, id) && m->timenow - (rr->LastAPTime + rr->ThisAPInterval) >= 0))
				{
				mDNSu8 *newptr;
				const mDNSu8 *const limit = m->omsg.data + (m->omsg.h.mDNS_numUpdates ? NormalMaxDNSMessageData : AbsoluteMaxDNSMessageData) - optspace;
				if (rr->resrec.RecordType & kDNSRecordTypeUniqueMask)
					rr->resrec.rrclass |= kDNSClass_UniqueRRSet;	// Temporarily set the 'unique' bit so PutResourceRecord will set it
				newptr = PutResourceRecordTTLWithLimit(&m->omsg, p, &m->omsg.h.mDNS_numUpdates, &rr->resrec, rr->resrec.rroriginalttl, limit);
				rr->resrec.rrclass &= ~kDNSClass_UniqueRRSet;		// Make sure to clear 'unique' bit back to normal state
				if (!newptr)
					LogSPS("SendSPSRegistration put %s FAILED %d/%d %s", intf->ifname, p - m->omsg.data, limit - m->omsg.data, ARDisplayString(m, rr));
				else
					{
					LogSPS("SendSPSRegistration put %s %s", intf->ifname, ARDisplayString(m, rr));
					rr->SendRNow       = mDNSNULL;
					rr->ThisAPInterval = mDNSPlatformOneSecond;
					rr->LastAPTime     = m->timenow;
					rr->updateid       = m->omsg.h.id;
					if (m->NextScheduledResponse - (rr->LastAPTime + rr->ThisAPInterval) >= 0)
						m->NextScheduledResponse = (rr->LastAPTime + rr->ThisAPInterval);
					p = newptr;
					}
				}

		if (!m->omsg.h.mDNS_numUpdates) break;
		else
			{
			AuthRecord opt;
			mDNS_SetupResourceRecord(&opt, mDNSNULL, mDNSInterface_Any, kDNSType_OPT, kStandardTTL, kDNSRecordTypeKnownUnique, mDNSNULL, mDNSNULL);
			opt.resrec.rrclass    = NormalMaxDNSMessageData;
			opt.resrec.rdlength   = sizeof(rdataOPT) * 2;	// Two options in this OPT record
			opt.resrec.rdestimate = sizeof(rdataOPT) * 2;
			opt.resrec.rdata->u.opt[0].opt              = kDNSOpt_Lease;
			opt.resrec.rdata->u.opt[0].optlen           = DNSOpt_LeaseData_Space - 4;
			opt.resrec.rdata->u.opt[0].u.updatelease    = DEFAULT_UPDATE_LEASE;
			SetupOwnerOpt(m, intf, &opt.resrec.rdata->u.opt[1]);
			LogSPS("SendSPSRegistration put %s %s", intf->ifname, ARDisplayString(m, &opt));
			p = PutResourceRecordTTLWithLimit(&m->omsg, p, &m->omsg.h.numAdditionals, &opt.resrec, opt.resrec.rroriginalttl, m->omsg.data + AbsoluteMaxDNSMessageData);
			if (!p)
				LogMsg("SendSPSRegistration: Failed to put OPT record (%d updates) %s", m->omsg.h.mDNS_numUpdates, ARDisplayString(m, &opt));
			else
				{
				mStatus err;
				// Once we've attempted to register, we need to include our OWNER option in our packets when we re-awaken
				m->SentSleepProxyRegistration = mDNStrue;

				LogSPS("SendSPSRegistration: Sending Update %s %d (%d) id %5d with %d records %d bytes to %#a:%d", intf->ifname, intf->NextSPSAttempt, sps,
					mDNSVal16(m->omsg.h.id), m->omsg.h.mDNS_numUpdates, p - m->omsg.data, &intf->SPSAddr[sps], mDNSVal16(intf->SPSPort[sps]));
				// if (intf->NextSPSAttempt < 5) m->omsg.h.flags = zeroID;	// For simulating packet loss
				err = mDNSSendDNSMessage(m, &m->omsg, p, intf->InterfaceID, mDNSNULL, &intf->SPSAddr[sps], intf->SPSPort[sps], mDNSNULL, mDNSNULL);
				if (err) LogSPS("SendSPSRegistration: mDNSSendDNSMessage err %d", err);
				if (err && intf->SPSAddr[sps].type == mDNSAddrType_IPv6 && intf->NetWakeResolve[sps].ThisQInterval == -1)
					{
					LogSPS("SendSPSRegistration %d %##s failed to send to IPv6 address; will try IPv4 instead", sps, intf->NetWakeResolve[sps].qname.c);
					intf->NetWakeResolve[sps].qtype = kDNSType_A;
					mDNS_StartQuery_internal(m, &intf->NetWakeResolve[sps]);
					return;
					}
				}
			}
		}

	intf->NextSPSAttemptTime = m->timenow + mDNSPlatformOneSecond * 10;		// If successful, update NextSPSAttemptTime

exit:
	if (mDNSOpaque16IsZero(id) && intf->NextSPSAttempt < 8) intf->NextSPSAttempt++;
	}

// RetrySPSRegistrations is called from SendResponses, with the lock held
mDNSlocal void RetrySPSRegistrations(mDNS *const m)
	{
	AuthRecord *rr;
	NetworkInterfaceInfo *intf;

	// First make sure none of our interfaces' NextSPSAttemptTimes are inadvertently set to m->timenow + mDNSPlatformOneSecond * 10
	for (intf = GetFirstActiveInterface(m->HostInterfaces); intf; intf = GetFirstActiveInterface(intf->next))
		if (intf->NextSPSAttempt && intf->NextSPSAttemptTime == m->timenow + mDNSPlatformOneSecond * 10)
			intf->NextSPSAttemptTime++;

	// Retry any record registrations that are due
	for (rr = m->ResourceRecords; rr; rr=rr->next)
		if (!AuthRecord_uDNS(rr) && !mDNSOpaque16IsZero(rr->updateid) && m->timenow - (rr->LastAPTime + rr->ThisAPInterval) >= 0)
			for (intf = GetFirstActiveInterface(m->HostInterfaces); intf; intf = GetFirstActiveInterface(intf->next))
				if (!rr->resrec.InterfaceID || rr->resrec.InterfaceID == intf->InterfaceID)
					{
					LogSPS("RetrySPSRegistrations: %s", ARDisplayString(m, rr));
					SendSPSRegistration(m, intf, rr->updateid);
					}

	// For interfaces where we did an SPS registration attempt, increment intf->NextSPSAttempt
	for (intf = GetFirstActiveInterface(m->HostInterfaces); intf; intf = GetFirstActiveInterface(intf->next))
		if (intf->NextSPSAttempt && intf->NextSPSAttemptTime == m->timenow + mDNSPlatformOneSecond * 10 && intf->NextSPSAttempt < 8)
			intf->NextSPSAttempt++;
	}

mDNSlocal void NetWakeResolve(mDNS *const m, DNSQuestion *question, const ResourceRecord *const answer, QC_result AddRecord)
	{
	NetworkInterfaceInfo *intf = (NetworkInterfaceInfo *)question->QuestionContext;
	int sps = (int)(question - intf->NetWakeResolve);
	(void)m;			// Unused
	LogSPS("NetWakeResolve: SPS: %d Add: %d %s", sps, AddRecord, RRDisplayString(m, answer));

	if (!AddRecord) return;												// Don't care about REMOVE events
	if (answer->rrtype != question->qtype) return;						// Don't care about CNAMEs

	// if (answer->rrtype == kDNSType_AAAA && sps == 0) return;	// To test failing to resolve sleep proxy's address

	if (answer->rrtype == kDNSType_SRV)
		{
		// 1. Got the SRV record; now look up the target host's IPv6 link-local address
		mDNS_StopQuery(m, question);
		intf->SPSPort[sps] = answer->rdata->u.srv.port;
		AssignDomainName(&question->qname, &answer->rdata->u.srv.target);
		question->qtype = kDNSType_AAAA;
		mDNS_StartQuery(m, question);
		}
	else if (answer->rrtype == kDNSType_AAAA && answer->rdlength == sizeof(mDNSv6Addr) && mDNSv6AddressIsLinkLocal(&answer->rdata->u.ipv6))
		{
		// 2. Got the target host's IPv6 link-local address; record address and initiate an SPS registration if appropriate
		mDNS_StopQuery(m, question);
		question->ThisQInterval = -1;
		intf->SPSAddr[sps].type = mDNSAddrType_IPv6;
		intf->SPSAddr[sps].ip.v6 = answer->rdata->u.ipv6;
		mDNS_Lock(m);
		if (sps == intf->NextSPSAttempt/3) SendSPSRegistration(m, intf, zeroID);	// If we're ready for this result, use it now
		mDNS_Unlock(m);
		}
	else if (answer->rrtype == kDNSType_AAAA && answer->rdlength == 0)
		{
		// 3. Got negative response -- target host apparently has IPv6 disabled -- so try looking up the target host's IPv4 address(es) instead
		mDNS_StopQuery(m, question);
		LogSPS("NetWakeResolve: SPS %d %##s has no IPv6 address, will try IPv4 instead", sps, question->qname.c);
		question->qtype = kDNSType_A;
		mDNS_StartQuery(m, question);
		}
	else if (answer->rrtype == kDNSType_A && answer->rdlength == sizeof(mDNSv4Addr))
		{
		// 4. Got an IPv4 address for the target host; record address and initiate an SPS registration if appropriate
		mDNS_StopQuery(m, question);
		question->ThisQInterval = -1;
		intf->SPSAddr[sps].type = mDNSAddrType_IPv4;
		intf->SPSAddr[sps].ip.v4 = answer->rdata->u.ipv4;
		mDNS_Lock(m);
		if (sps == intf->NextSPSAttempt/3) SendSPSRegistration(m, intf, zeroID);	// If we're ready for this result, use it now
		mDNS_Unlock(m);
		}
	}

mDNSexport mDNSBool mDNSCoreHaveAdvertisedMulticastServices(mDNS *const m)
	{
	AuthRecord *rr;
	for (rr = m->ResourceRecords; rr; rr=rr->next)
		if (rr->resrec.rrtype == kDNSType_SRV && !AuthRecord_uDNS(rr) && !mDNSSameIPPort(rr->resrec.rdata->u.srv.port, DiscardPort))
			return mDNStrue;
	return mDNSfalse;
	}

mDNSlocal void SendSleepGoodbyes(mDNS *const m)
	{
	AuthRecord *rr;
	m->SleepState = SleepState_Sleeping;

#ifndef UNICAST_DISABLED
	SleepRecordRegistrations(m);	// If we have no SPS, need to deregister our uDNS records
#endif /* UNICAST_DISABLED */

	// Mark all the records we need to deregister and send them
	for (rr = m->ResourceRecords; rr; rr=rr->next)
		if (rr->resrec.RecordType == kDNSRecordTypeShared && rr->RequireGoodbye)
			rr->ImmedAnswer = mDNSInterfaceMark;
	SendResponses(m);
	}

// BeginSleepProcessing is called, with the lock held, from either mDNS_Execute or mDNSCoreMachineSleep
mDNSlocal void BeginSleepProcessing(mDNS *const m)
	{
	mDNSBool SendGoodbyes = mDNStrue;
	const CacheRecord *sps[3] = { mDNSNULL };

	m->NextScheduledSPRetry = m->timenow;

	if      (!m->SystemWakeOnLANEnabled)                  LogSPS("BeginSleepProcessing: m->SystemWakeOnLANEnabled is false");
	else if (!mDNSCoreHaveAdvertisedMulticastServices(m)) LogSPS("BeginSleepProcessing: No advertised services");
	else	// If we have at least one advertised service
		{
		NetworkInterfaceInfo *intf;
		for (intf = GetFirstActiveInterface(m->HostInterfaces); intf; intf = GetFirstActiveInterface(intf->next))
			{
			if (!intf->NetWake) LogSPS("BeginSleepProcessing: %-6s not capable of magic packet wakeup", intf->ifname);
#if APPLE_OSX_mDNSResponder
			else if (ActivateLocalProxy(m, intf->ifname) == mStatus_NoError)
				{
				SendGoodbyes = mDNSfalse;
				LogSPS("BeginSleepProcessing: %-6s using local proxy", intf->ifname);
				// This will leave m->SleepState set to SleepState_Transferring,
				// which is okay because with no outstanding resolves, or updates in flight,
				// mDNSCoreReadyForSleep() will conclude correctly that all the updates have already completed
				}
#endif // APPLE_OSX_mDNSResponder
			else
				{
				FindSPSInCache(m, &intf->NetWakeBrowse, sps);
				if (!sps[0]) LogSPS("BeginSleepProcessing: %-6s %#a No Sleep Proxy Server found (Next Browse Q in %d, interval %d)",
					intf->ifname, &intf->ip, NextQSendTime(&intf->NetWakeBrowse) - m->timenow, intf->NetWakeBrowse.ThisQInterval);
				else
					{
					int i;
					SendGoodbyes = mDNSfalse;
					intf->NextSPSAttempt = 0;
					intf->NextSPSAttemptTime = m->timenow + mDNSPlatformOneSecond;
					// Don't need to set m->NextScheduledSPRetry here because we already set "m->NextScheduledSPRetry = m->timenow" above
					for (i=0; i<3; i++)
						{
#if ForceAlerts
						if (intf->SPSAddr[i].type)
							{ LogMsg("BeginSleepProcessing: %s %d intf->SPSAddr[i].type %d", intf->ifname, i, intf->SPSAddr[i].type); *(long*)0 = 0; }
						if (intf->NetWakeResolve[i].ThisQInterval >= 0)
							{ LogMsg("BeginSleepProcessing: %s %d intf->NetWakeResolve[i].ThisQInterval %d", intf->ifname, i, intf->NetWakeResolve[i].ThisQInterval); *(long*)0 = 0; }
#endif
						intf->SPSAddr[i].type = mDNSAddrType_None;
						if (intf->NetWakeResolve[i].ThisQInterval >= 0) mDNS_StopQuery(m, &intf->NetWakeResolve[i]);
						intf->NetWakeResolve[i].ThisQInterval = -1;
						if (sps[i])
							{
							LogSPS("BeginSleepProcessing: %-6s Found Sleep Proxy Server %d TTL %d %s", intf->ifname, i, sps[i]->resrec.rroriginalttl, CRDisplayString(m, sps[i]));
							mDNS_SetupQuestion(&intf->NetWakeResolve[i], intf->InterfaceID, &sps[i]->resrec.rdata->u.name, kDNSType_SRV, NetWakeResolve, intf);
							intf->NetWakeResolve[i].ReturnIntermed = mDNStrue;
							mDNS_StartQuery_internal(m, &intf->NetWakeResolve[i]);
							}
						}
					}
				}
			}
		}

	if (SendGoodbyes)	// If we didn't find even one Sleep Proxy
		{
		LogSPS("BeginSleepProcessing: Not registering with Sleep Proxy Server");
		SendSleepGoodbyes(m);
		}
	}

// Call mDNSCoreMachineSleep(m, mDNStrue) when the machine is about to go to sleep.
// Call mDNSCoreMachineSleep(m, mDNSfalse) when the machine is has just woken up.
// Normally, the platform support layer below mDNSCore should call this, not the client layer above.
mDNSexport void mDNSCoreMachineSleep(mDNS *const m, mDNSBool sleep)
	{
	AuthRecord *rr;

	LogSPS("%s (old state %d) at %ld", sleep ? "Sleeping" : "Waking", m->SleepState, m->timenow);

	if (sleep && !m->SleepState)		// Going to sleep
		{
		mDNS_Lock(m);
		// If we're going to sleep, need to stop advertising that we're a Sleep Proxy Server
		if (m->SPSSocket)
			{
			mDNSu8 oldstate = m->SPSState;
			mDNS_DropLockBeforeCallback();		// mDNS_DeregisterService expects to be called without the lock held, so we emulate that here
			m->SPSState = 2;
			if (oldstate == 1) mDNS_DeregisterService(m, &m->SPSRecords);
			mDNS_ReclaimLockAfterCallback();
			}

		m->SleepState = SleepState_Transferring;
		if (m->SystemWakeOnLANEnabled && m->DelaySleep)
			{
			// If we just woke up moments ago, allow ten seconds for networking to stabilize before going back to sleep
			LogSPS("mDNSCoreMachineSleep: Re-sleeping immediately after waking; will delay for %d ticks", m->DelaySleep - m->timenow);
			m->SleepLimit = NonZeroTime(m->DelaySleep + mDNSPlatformOneSecond * 10);
			}
		else
			{
			m->DelaySleep = 0;
			m->SleepLimit = NonZeroTime(m->timenow + mDNSPlatformOneSecond * 10);
			BeginSleepProcessing(m);
			}

#ifndef UNICAST_DISABLED
		SuspendLLQs(m);
#endif
		mDNS_Unlock(m);
		// RemoveAutoTunnel6Record needs to be called outside the lock, as it grabs the lock also.
#if APPLE_OSX_mDNSResponder
		RemoveAutoTunnel6Record(m);
#endif
		LogSPS("mDNSCoreMachineSleep: m->SleepState %d (%s) seq %d", m->SleepState,
			m->SleepState == SleepState_Transferring ? "Transferring" :
			m->SleepState == SleepState_Sleeping     ? "Sleeping"     : "?", m->SleepSeqNum);
		}
	else if (!sleep)		// Waking up
		{
		mDNSu32 slot;
		CacheGroup *cg;
		CacheRecord *cr;
		NetworkInterfaceInfo *intf;

		mDNS_Lock(m);
		// Reset SleepLimit back to 0 now that we're awake again.
		m->SleepLimit = 0;

		// If we were previously sleeping, but now we're not, increment m->SleepSeqNum to indicate that we're entering a new period of wakefulness
		if (m->SleepState != SleepState_Awake)
			{
			m->SleepState = SleepState_Awake;
			m->SleepSeqNum++;
			if (m->SentSleepProxyRegistration)		// Include OWNER option in packets for 60 seconds after waking
				{
				m->SentSleepProxyRegistration = mDNSfalse;
				m->AnnounceOwner = NonZeroTime(m->timenow + 60 * mDNSPlatformOneSecond);
				}
			// If the machine wakes and then immediately tries to sleep again (e.g. a maintenance wake)
			// then we enforce a minimum delay of 16 seconds before we begin sleep processing.
			// This is to allow time for the Ethernet link to come up, DHCP to get an address, mDNS to issue queries, etc.,
			// before we make our determination of whether there's a Sleep Proxy out there we should register with.
			m->DelaySleep = NonZeroTime(m->timenow + mDNSPlatformOneSecond * 16);
			}

		if (m->SPSState == 3)
			{
			m->SPSState = 0;
			mDNSCoreBeSleepProxyServer_internal(m, m->SPSType, m->SPSPortability, m->SPSMarginalPower, m->SPSTotalPower);
			}

		// In case we gave up waiting and went to sleep before we got an ack from the Sleep Proxy,
		// on wake we go through our record list and clear updateid back to zero
		for (rr = m->ResourceRecords; rr; rr=rr->next) rr->updateid = zeroID;

		// ... and the same for NextSPSAttempt
		for (intf = GetFirstActiveInterface(m->HostInterfaces); intf; intf = GetFirstActiveInterface(intf->next)) intf->NextSPSAttempt = -1;

		// Restart unicast and multicast queries
		mDNSCoreRestartQueries(m);

		// and reactivtate service registrations
		m->NextSRVUpdate = NonZeroTime(m->timenow + mDNSPlatformOneSecond);
		LogInfo("mDNSCoreMachineSleep waking: NextSRVUpdate in %d %d", m->NextSRVUpdate - m->timenow, m->timenow);

		// 2. Re-validate our cache records
		FORALL_CACHERECORDS(slot, cg, cr)
			mDNS_Reconfirm_internal(m, cr, kDefaultReconfirmTimeForWake);

		// 3. Retrigger probing and announcing for all our authoritative records
		for (rr = m->ResourceRecords; rr; rr=rr->next)
			if (AuthRecord_uDNS(rr))
				{
				ActivateUnicastRegistration(m, rr);
				}
			else
				{
				if (rr->resrec.RecordType == kDNSRecordTypeVerified && !rr->DependentOn) rr->resrec.RecordType = kDNSRecordTypeUnique;
				rr->ProbeCount     = DefaultProbeCountForRecordType(rr->resrec.RecordType);
				rr->AnnounceCount  = InitialAnnounceCount;
				rr->SendNSECNow    = mDNSNULL;
				InitializeLastAPTime(m, rr);
				}

		// 4. Refresh NAT mappings
		// We don't want to have to assume that all hardware can necessarily keep accurate
		// track of passage of time while asleep, so on wake we refresh our NAT mappings
		// We typically wake up with no interfaces active, so there's no need to rush to try to find our external address.
		// When we get a network configuration change, mDNSMacOSXNetworkChanged calls uDNS_SetupDNSConfig, which calls
		// mDNS_SetPrimaryInterfaceInfo, which then sets m->retryGetAddr to immediately request our external address from the NAT gateway.
		m->retryIntervalGetAddr = NATMAP_INIT_RETRY;
		m->retryGetAddr         = m->timenow + mDNSPlatformOneSecond * 5;
		LogInfo("mDNSCoreMachineSleep: retryGetAddr in %d %d", m->retryGetAddr - m->timenow, m->timenow);
		RecreateNATMappings(m);
		mDNS_Unlock(m);
		}
	}

mDNSexport mDNSBool mDNSCoreReadyForSleep(mDNS *m, mDNSs32 now)
	{
	DNSQuestion *q;
	AuthRecord *rr;
	NetworkInterfaceInfo *intf;

	mDNS_Lock(m);

	if (m->DelaySleep) goto notready;

	// If we've not hit the sleep limit time, and it's not time for our next retry, we can skip these checks
	if (m->SleepLimit - now > 0 && m->NextScheduledSPRetry - now > 0) goto notready;

	m->NextScheduledSPRetry = now + 0x40000000UL;

	// See if we might need to retransmit any lost Sleep Proxy Registrations
	for (intf = GetFirstActiveInterface(m->HostInterfaces); intf; intf = GetFirstActiveInterface(intf->next))
		if (intf->NextSPSAttempt >= 0)
			{
			if (now - intf->NextSPSAttemptTime >= 0)
				{
				LogSPS("mDNSCoreReadyForSleep: retrying for %s SPS %d try %d",
					intf->ifname, intf->NextSPSAttempt/3, intf->NextSPSAttempt);
				SendSPSRegistration(m, intf, zeroID);
				// Don't need to "goto notready" here, because if we do still have record registrations
				// that have not been acknowledged yet, we'll catch that in the record list scan below.
				}
			else
				if (m->NextScheduledSPRetry - intf->NextSPSAttemptTime > 0)
					m->NextScheduledSPRetry = intf->NextSPSAttemptTime;
			}

	// Scan list of interfaces, and see if we're still waiting for any sleep proxy resolves to complete
	for (intf = GetFirstActiveInterface(m->HostInterfaces); intf; intf = GetFirstActiveInterface(intf->next))
		{
		int sps = (intf->NextSPSAttempt == 0) ? 0 : (intf->NextSPSAttempt-1)/3;
		if (intf->NetWakeResolve[sps].ThisQInterval >= 0)
			{
			LogSPS("mDNSCoreReadyForSleep: waiting for SPS Resolve %s %##s (%s)",
				intf->ifname, intf->NetWakeResolve[sps].qname.c, DNSTypeName(intf->NetWakeResolve[sps].qtype));
			goto spsnotready;
			}
		}

	// Scan list of registered records
	for (rr = m->ResourceRecords; rr; rr = rr->next)
		if (!AuthRecord_uDNS(rr))
			if (!mDNSOpaque16IsZero(rr->updateid))
				{ LogSPS("mDNSCoreReadyForSleep: waiting for SPS Update ID %d %s", mDNSVal16(rr->updateid), ARDisplayString(m,rr)); goto spsnotready; }

	// Scan list of private LLQs, and make sure they've all completed their handshake with the server
	for (q = m->Questions; q; q = q->next)
		if (!mDNSOpaque16IsZero(q->TargetQID) && q->LongLived && q->ReqLease == 0 && q->tcp)
			{
			LogSPS("mDNSCoreReadyForSleep: waiting for LLQ %##s (%s)", q->qname.c, DNSTypeName(q->qtype));
			goto notready;
			}

	// Scan list of registered records
	for (rr = m->ResourceRecords; rr; rr = rr->next)
		if (AuthRecord_uDNS(rr))
			{
			if (rr->state == regState_Refresh && rr->tcp)
				{ LogSPS("mDNSCoreReadyForSleep: waiting for Record Update ID %d %s", mDNSVal16(rr->updateid), ARDisplayString(m,rr)); goto notready; }
			#if APPLE_OSX_mDNSResponder
			if (!RecordReadyForSleep(m, rr)) { LogSPS("mDNSCoreReadyForSleep: waiting for %s", ARDisplayString(m, rr)); goto notready; }
			#endif
			}

	mDNS_Unlock(m);
	return mDNStrue;

spsnotready:

	// If we failed to complete sleep proxy registration within ten seconds, we give up on that
	// and allow up to ten seconds more to complete wide-area deregistration instead
	if (now - m->SleepLimit >= 0)
		{
		LogMsg("Failed to register with SPS, now sending goodbyes");

		for (intf = GetFirstActiveInterface(m->HostInterfaces); intf; intf = GetFirstActiveInterface(intf->next))
			if (intf->NetWakeBrowse.ThisQInterval >= 0)
				{
				LogSPS("ReadyForSleep mDNS_DeactivateNetWake %s %##s (%s)",
					intf->ifname, intf->NetWakeResolve[0].qname.c, DNSTypeName(intf->NetWakeResolve[0].qtype));
				mDNS_DeactivateNetWake_internal(m, intf);
				}

		for (rr = m->ResourceRecords; rr; rr = rr->next)
			if (!AuthRecord_uDNS(rr))
				if (!mDNSOpaque16IsZero(rr->updateid))
					{
					LogSPS("ReadyForSleep clearing updateid for %s", ARDisplayString(m, rr));
					rr->updateid = zeroID;
					}

		// We'd really like to allow up to ten seconds more here,
		// but if we don't respond to the sleep notification within 30 seconds
		// we'll be put back to sleep forcibly without the chance to schedule the next maintenance wake.
		// Right now we wait 16 sec after wake for all the interfaces to come up, then we wait up to 10 seconds
		// more for SPS resolves and record registrations to complete, which puts us at 26 seconds.
		// If we allow just one more second to send our goodbyes, that puts us at 27 seconds.
		m->SleepLimit = now + mDNSPlatformOneSecond * 1;

		SendSleepGoodbyes(m);
		}

notready:
	mDNS_Unlock(m);
	return mDNSfalse;
	}

mDNSexport mDNSs32 mDNSCoreIntervalToNextWake(mDNS *const m, mDNSs32 now)
	{
	AuthRecord *ar;

	// Even when we have no wake-on-LAN-capable interfaces, or we failed to find a sleep proxy, or we have other
	// failure scenarios, we still want to wake up in at most 120 minutes, to see if the network environment has changed.
	// E.g. we might wake up and find no wireless network because the base station got rebooted just at that moment,
	// and if that happens we don't want to just give up and go back to sleep and never try again.
	mDNSs32 e = now + (120 * 60 * mDNSPlatformOneSecond);		// Sleep for at most 120 minutes

	NATTraversalInfo *nat;
	for (nat = m->NATTraversals; nat; nat=nat->next)
		if (nat->Protocol && nat->ExpiryTime && nat->ExpiryTime - now > mDNSPlatformOneSecond*4)
			{
			mDNSs32 t = nat->ExpiryTime - (nat->ExpiryTime - now) / 10;		// Wake up when 90% of the way to the expiry time
			if (e - t > 0) e = t;
			LogSPS("ComputeWakeTime: %p %s Int %5d Ext %5d Err %d Retry %5d Interval %5d Expire %5d Wake %5d",
				nat, nat->Protocol == NATOp_MapTCP ? "TCP" : "UDP",
				mDNSVal16(nat->IntPort), mDNSVal16(nat->ExternalPort), nat->Result,
				nat->retryPortMap ? (nat->retryPortMap - now) / mDNSPlatformOneSecond : 0,
				nat->retryInterval / mDNSPlatformOneSecond,
				nat->ExpiryTime ? (nat->ExpiryTime - now) / mDNSPlatformOneSecond : 0,
				(t - now) / mDNSPlatformOneSecond);
			}

	// This loop checks both the time we need to renew wide-area registrations,
	// and the time we need to renew Sleep Proxy registrations
	for (ar = m->ResourceRecords; ar; ar = ar->next)
		if (ar->expire && ar->expire - now > mDNSPlatformOneSecond*4)
			{
			mDNSs32 t = ar->expire - (ar->expire - now) / 10;		// Wake up when 90% of the way to the expiry time
			if (e - t > 0) e = t;
			LogSPS("ComputeWakeTime: %p Int %7d Next %7d Expire %7d Wake %7d %s",
				ar, ar->ThisAPInterval / mDNSPlatformOneSecond,
				(ar->LastAPTime + ar->ThisAPInterval - now) / mDNSPlatformOneSecond,
				ar->expire ? (ar->expire - now) / mDNSPlatformOneSecond : 0,
				(t - now) / mDNSPlatformOneSecond, ARDisplayString(m, ar));
			}

	return(e - now);
	}

// ***************************************************************************
#if COMPILER_LIKES_PRAGMA_MARK
#pragma mark -
#pragma mark - Packet Reception Functions
#endif

#define MustSendRecord(RR) ((RR)->NR_AnswerTo || (RR)->NR_AdditionalTo)

mDNSlocal mDNSu8 *GenerateUnicastResponse(const DNSMessage *const query, const mDNSu8 *const end,
	const mDNSInterfaceID InterfaceID, mDNSBool LegacyQuery, DNSMessage *const response, AuthRecord *ResponseRecords)
	{
	mDNSu8          *responseptr     = response->data;
	const mDNSu8    *const limit     = response->data + sizeof(response->data);
	const mDNSu8    *ptr             = query->data;
	AuthRecord  *rr;
	mDNSu32          maxttl = 0x70000000;
	int i;

	// Initialize the response fields so we can answer the questions
	InitializeDNSMessage(&response->h, query->h.id, ResponseFlags);

	// ***
	// *** 1. Write out the list of questions we are actually going to answer with this packet
	// ***
	if (LegacyQuery)
		{
		maxttl = kStaticCacheTTL;
		for (i=0; i<query->h.numQuestions; i++)						// For each question...
			{
			DNSQuestion q;
			ptr = getQuestion(query, ptr, end, InterfaceID, &q);	// get the question...
			if (!ptr) return(mDNSNULL);
	
			for (rr=ResponseRecords; rr; rr=rr->NextResponse)		// and search our list of proposed answers
				{
				if (rr->NR_AnswerTo == ptr)							// If we're going to generate a record answering this question
					{												// then put the question in the question section
					responseptr = putQuestion(response, responseptr, limit, &q.qname, q.qtype, q.qclass);
					if (!responseptr) { debugf("GenerateUnicastResponse: Ran out of space for questions!"); return(mDNSNULL); }
					break;		// break out of the ResponseRecords loop, and go on to the next question
					}
				}
			}
	
		if (response->h.numQuestions == 0) { LogMsg("GenerateUnicastResponse: ERROR! Why no questions?"); return(mDNSNULL); }
		}

	// ***
	// *** 2. Write Answers
	// ***
	for (rr=ResponseRecords; rr; rr=rr->NextResponse)
		if (rr->NR_AnswerTo)
			{
			mDNSu8 *p = PutResourceRecordTTL(response, responseptr, &response->h.numAnswers, &rr->resrec,
				maxttl < rr->resrec.rroriginalttl ? maxttl : rr->resrec.rroriginalttl);
			if (p) responseptr = p;
			else { debugf("GenerateUnicastResponse: Ran out of space for answers!"); response->h.flags.b[0] |= kDNSFlag0_TC; }
			}

	// ***
	// *** 3. Write Additionals
	// ***
	for (rr=ResponseRecords; rr; rr=rr->NextResponse)
		if (rr->NR_AdditionalTo && !rr->NR_AnswerTo)
			{
			mDNSu8 *p = PutResourceRecordTTL(response, responseptr, &response->h.numAdditionals, &rr->resrec,
				maxttl < rr->resrec.rroriginalttl ? maxttl : rr->resrec.rroriginalttl);
			if (p) responseptr = p;
			else debugf("GenerateUnicastResponse: No more space for additionals");
			}

	return(responseptr);
	}

// AuthRecord *our is our Resource Record
// CacheRecord *pkt is the Resource Record from the response packet we've witnessed on the network
// Returns 0 if there is no conflict
// Returns +1 if there was a conflict and we won
// Returns -1 if there was a conflict and we lost and have to rename
mDNSlocal int CompareRData(const AuthRecord *const our, const CacheRecord *const pkt)
	{
	mDNSu8 ourdata[256], *ourptr = ourdata, *ourend;
	mDNSu8 pktdata[256], *pktptr = pktdata, *pktend;
	if (!our) { LogMsg("CompareRData ERROR: our is NULL"); return(+1); }
	if (!pkt) { LogMsg("CompareRData ERROR: pkt is NULL"); return(+1); }

	ourend = putRData(mDNSNULL, ourdata, ourdata + sizeof(ourdata), &our->resrec);
	pktend = putRData(mDNSNULL, pktdata, pktdata + sizeof(pktdata), &pkt->resrec);
	while (ourptr < ourend && pktptr < pktend && *ourptr == *pktptr) { ourptr++; pktptr++; }
	if (ourptr >= ourend && pktptr >= pktend) return(0);			// If data identical, not a conflict

	if (ourptr >= ourend) return(-1);								// Our data ran out first; We lost
	if (pktptr >= pktend) return(+1);								// Packet data ran out first; We won
	if (*pktptr > *ourptr) return(-1);								// Our data is numerically lower; We lost
	if (*pktptr < *ourptr) return(+1);								// Packet data is numerically lower; We won
	
	LogMsg("CompareRData ERROR: Invalid state");
	return(-1);
	}

// See if we have an authoritative record that's identical to this packet record,
// whose canonical DependentOn record is the specified master record.
// The DependentOn pointer is typically used for the TXT record of service registrations
// It indicates that there is no inherent conflict detection for the TXT record
// -- it depends on the SRV record to resolve name conflicts
// If we find any identical ResourceRecords in our authoritative list, then follow their DependentOn
// pointer chain (if any) to make sure we reach the canonical DependentOn record
// If the record has no DependentOn, then just return that record's pointer
// Returns NULL if we don't have any local RRs that are identical to the one from the packet
mDNSlocal mDNSBool MatchDependentOn(const mDNS *const m, const CacheRecord *const pktrr, const AuthRecord *const master)
	{
	const AuthRecord *r1;
	for (r1 = m->ResourceRecords; r1; r1=r1->next)
		{
		if (IdenticalResourceRecord(&r1->resrec, &pktrr->resrec))
			{
			const AuthRecord *r2 = r1;
			while (r2->DependentOn) r2 = r2->DependentOn;
			if (r2 == master) return(mDNStrue);
			}
		}
	for (r1 = m->DuplicateRecords; r1; r1=r1->next)
		{
		if (IdenticalResourceRecord(&r1->resrec, &pktrr->resrec))
			{
			const AuthRecord *r2 = r1;
			while (r2->DependentOn) r2 = r2->DependentOn;
			if (r2 == master) return(mDNStrue);
			}
		}
	return(mDNSfalse);
	}

// Find the canonical RRSet pointer for this RR received in a packet.
// If we find any identical AuthRecord in our authoritative list, then follow its RRSet
// pointers (if any) to make sure we return the canonical member of this name/type/class
// Returns NULL if we don't have any local RRs that are identical to the one from the packet
mDNSlocal const AuthRecord *FindRRSet(const mDNS *const m, const CacheRecord *const pktrr)
	{
	const AuthRecord *rr;
	for (rr = m->ResourceRecords; rr; rr=rr->next)
		{
		if (IdenticalResourceRecord(&rr->resrec, &pktrr->resrec))
			{
			while (rr->RRSet && rr != rr->RRSet) rr = rr->RRSet;
			return(rr);
			}
		}
	return(mDNSNULL);
	}

// PacketRRConflict is called when we've received an RR (pktrr) which has the same name
// as one of our records (our) but different rdata.
// 1. If our record is not a type that's supposed to be unique, we don't care.
// 2a. If our record is marked as dependent on some other record for conflict detection, ignore this one.
// 2b. If the packet rr exactly matches one of our other RRs, and *that* record's DependentOn pointer
//     points to our record, ignore this conflict (e.g. the packet record matches one of our
//     TXT records, and that record is marked as dependent on 'our', its SRV record).
// 3. If we have some *other* RR that exactly matches the one from the packet, and that record and our record
//    are members of the same RRSet, then this is not a conflict.
mDNSlocal mDNSBool PacketRRConflict(const mDNS *const m, const AuthRecord *const our, const CacheRecord *const pktrr)
	{
	// If not supposed to be unique, not a conflict
	if (!(our->resrec.RecordType & kDNSRecordTypeUniqueMask)) return(mDNSfalse);

	// If a dependent record, not a conflict
	if (our->DependentOn || MatchDependentOn(m, pktrr, our)) return(mDNSfalse);
	else
		{
		// If the pktrr matches a member of ourset, not a conflict
		const AuthRecord *ourset = our->RRSet ? our->RRSet : our;
		const AuthRecord *pktset = FindRRSet(m, pktrr);
		if (pktset == ourset) return(mDNSfalse);

		// For records we're proxying, where we don't know the full
		// relationship between the records, having any matching record
		// in our AuthRecords list is sufficient evidence of non-conflict
		if (our->WakeUp.HMAC.l[0] && pktset) return(mDNSfalse);
		}

	// Okay, this is a conflict
	return(mDNStrue);
	}

// Note: ResolveSimultaneousProbe calls mDNS_Deregister_internal which can call a user callback, which may change
// the record list and/or question list.
// Any code walking either list must use the CurrentQuestion and/or CurrentRecord mechanism to protect against this.
mDNSlocal void ResolveSimultaneousProbe(mDNS *const m, const DNSMessage *const query, const mDNSu8 *const end,
	DNSQuestion *q, AuthRecord *our)
	{
	int i;
	const mDNSu8 *ptr = LocateAuthorities(query, end);
	mDNSBool FoundUpdate = mDNSfalse;

	for (i = 0; i < query->h.numAuthorities; i++)
		{
		ptr = GetLargeResourceRecord(m, query, ptr, end, q->InterfaceID, kDNSRecordTypePacketAuth, &m->rec);
		if (!ptr) break;
		if (m->rec.r.resrec.RecordType != kDNSRecordTypePacketNegative && ResourceRecordAnswersQuestion(&m->rec.r.resrec, q))
			{
			FoundUpdate = mDNStrue;
			if (PacketRRConflict(m, our, &m->rec.r))
				{
				int result          = (int)our->resrec.rrclass - (int)m->rec.r.resrec.rrclass;
				if (!result) result = (int)our->resrec.rrtype  - (int)m->rec.r.resrec.rrtype;
				if (!result) result = CompareRData(our, &m->rec.r);
				if (result)
					{
					const char *const msg = (result < 0) ? "lost:" : (result > 0) ? "won: " : "tie: ";
					LogMsg("ResolveSimultaneousProbe: %p Pkt Record:        %08lX %s", q->InterfaceID, m->rec.r.resrec.rdatahash, CRDisplayString(m, &m->rec.r));
					LogMsg("ResolveSimultaneousProbe: %p Our Record %d %s %08lX %s", our->resrec.InterfaceID, our->ProbeCount, msg, our->resrec.rdatahash, ARDisplayString(m, our));
					}
				// If we lost the tie-break for simultaneous probes, we don't immediately give up, because we might be seeing stale packets on the network.
				// Instead we pause for one second, to give the other host (if real) a chance to establish its name, and then try probing again.
				// If there really is another live host out there with the same name, it will answer our probes and we'll then rename.
				if (result < 0)
					{
					m->SuppressProbes   = NonZeroTime(m->timenow + mDNSPlatformOneSecond);
					our->ProbeCount     = DefaultProbeCountForTypeUnique;
					our->AnnounceCount  = InitialAnnounceCount;
					InitializeLastAPTime(m, our);
					goto exit;
					}
				}
#if 0
			else
				{
				LogMsg("ResolveSimultaneousProbe: %p Pkt Record:        %08lX %s", q->InterfaceID, m->rec.r.resrec.rdatahash, CRDisplayString(m, &m->rec.r));
				LogMsg("ResolveSimultaneousProbe: %p Our Record %d ign:  %08lX %s", our->resrec.InterfaceID, our->ProbeCount, our->resrec.rdatahash, ARDisplayString(m, our));
				}
#endif
			}
		m->rec.r.resrec.RecordType = 0;		// Clear RecordType to show we're not still using it
		}
	if (!FoundUpdate)
		LogInfo("ResolveSimultaneousProbe: %##s (%s): No Update Record found", our->resrec.name->c, DNSTypeName(our->resrec.rrtype));
exit:
	m->rec.r.resrec.RecordType = 0;		// Clear RecordType to show we're not still using it
	}

mDNSlocal CacheRecord *FindIdenticalRecordInCache(const mDNS *const m, const ResourceRecord *const pktrr)
	{
	mDNSu32 slot = HashSlot(pktrr->name);
	CacheGroup *cg = CacheGroupForRecord(m, slot, pktrr);
	CacheRecord *rr;
	mDNSBool match;
	for (rr = cg ? cg->members : mDNSNULL; rr; rr=rr->next)
		{
		match = !pktrr->InterfaceID ? pktrr->rDNSServer == rr->resrec.rDNSServer : pktrr->InterfaceID == rr->resrec.InterfaceID;
		if (match && IdenticalSameNameRecord(pktrr, &rr->resrec)) break;
		}
	return(rr);
	}

// Called from mDNSCoreReceiveUpdate when we get a sleep proxy registration request,
// to check our lists and discard any stale duplicates of this record we already have
mDNSlocal void ClearIdenticalProxyRecords(mDNS *const m, const OwnerOptData *const owner, AuthRecord *const thelist)
	{
	if (m->CurrentRecord)
		LogMsg("ClearIdenticalProxyRecords ERROR m->CurrentRecord already set %s", ARDisplayString(m, m->CurrentRecord));
	m->CurrentRecord = thelist;
	while (m->CurrentRecord)
		{
		AuthRecord *const rr = m->CurrentRecord;
		if (m->rec.r.resrec.InterfaceID == rr->resrec.InterfaceID && mDNSSameEthAddress(&owner->HMAC, &rr->WakeUp.HMAC))
			if (IdenticalResourceRecord(&rr->resrec, &m->rec.r.resrec))
				{
				LogSPS("ClearIdenticalProxyRecords: Removing %3d H-MAC %.6a I-MAC %.6a %d %d %s",
					m->ProxyRecords, &rr->WakeUp.HMAC, &rr->WakeUp.IMAC, rr->WakeUp.seq, owner->seq, ARDisplayString(m, rr));
				rr->WakeUp.HMAC = zeroEthAddr;	// Clear HMAC so that mDNS_Deregister_internal doesn't waste packets trying to wake this host
				rr->RequireGoodbye = mDNSfalse;	// and we don't want to send goodbye for it
				mDNS_Deregister_internal(m, rr, mDNS_Dereg_normal);
				SetSPSProxyListChanged(m->rec.r.resrec.InterfaceID);
				}
		// Mustn't advance m->CurrentRecord until *after* mDNS_Deregister_internal, because
		// new records could have been added to the end of the list as a result of that call.
		if (m->CurrentRecord == rr) // If m->CurrentRecord was not advanced for us, do it now
			m->CurrentRecord = rr->next;
		}
	}

// Called from ProcessQuery when we get an mDNS packet with an owner record in it
mDNSlocal void ClearProxyRecords(mDNS *const m, const OwnerOptData *const owner, AuthRecord *const thelist)
	{
	if (m->CurrentRecord)
		LogMsg("ClearProxyRecords ERROR m->CurrentRecord already set %s", ARDisplayString(m, m->CurrentRecord));
	m->CurrentRecord = thelist;
	while (m->CurrentRecord)
		{
		AuthRecord *const rr = m->CurrentRecord;
		if (m->rec.r.resrec.InterfaceID == rr->resrec.InterfaceID && mDNSSameEthAddress(&owner->HMAC, &rr->WakeUp.HMAC))
			if (owner->seq != rr->WakeUp.seq || m->timenow - rr->TimeRcvd > mDNSPlatformOneSecond * 60)
				{
				if (rr->AddressProxy.type == mDNSAddrType_IPv6)
					{
					// We don't do this here because we know that the host is waking up at this point, so we don't send
					// Unsolicited Neighbor Advertisements -- even Neighbor Advertisements agreeing with what the host should be
					// saying itself -- because it can cause some IPv6 stacks to falsely conclude that there's an address conflict.
					#if MDNS_USE_Unsolicited_Neighbor_Advertisements
					LogSPS("NDP Announcement -- Releasing traffic for H-MAC %.6a I-MAC %.6a %s",
						&rr->WakeUp.HMAC, &rr->WakeUp.IMAC, ARDisplayString(m,rr));
					SendNDP(m, NDP_Adv, NDP_Override, rr, &rr->AddressProxy.ip.v6, &rr->WakeUp.IMAC, &AllHosts_v6, &AllHosts_v6_Eth);
					#endif
					}
				LogSPS("ClearProxyRecords: Removing %3d AC %2d %02X H-MAC %.6a I-MAC %.6a %d %d %s",
					m->ProxyRecords, rr->AnnounceCount, rr->resrec.RecordType,
					&rr->WakeUp.HMAC, &rr->WakeUp.IMAC, rr->WakeUp.seq, owner->seq, ARDisplayString(m, rr));
				if (rr->resrec.RecordType == kDNSRecordTypeDeregistering) rr->resrec.RecordType = kDNSRecordTypeShared;
				rr->WakeUp.HMAC = zeroEthAddr;	// Clear HMAC so that mDNS_Deregister_internal doesn't waste packets trying to wake this host
				rr->RequireGoodbye = mDNSfalse;	// and we don't want to send goodbye for it, since real host is now back and functional
				mDNS_Deregister_internal(m, rr, mDNS_Dereg_normal);
				SetSPSProxyListChanged(m->rec.r.resrec.InterfaceID);
				}
		// Mustn't advance m->CurrentRecord until *after* mDNS_Deregister_internal, because
		// new records could have been added to the end of the list as a result of that call.
		if (m->CurrentRecord == rr) // If m->CurrentRecord was not advanced for us, do it now
			m->CurrentRecord = rr->next;
		}
	}

// ProcessQuery examines a received query to see if we have any answers to give
mDNSlocal mDNSu8 *ProcessQuery(mDNS *const m, const DNSMessage *const query, const mDNSu8 *const end,
	const mDNSAddr *srcaddr, const mDNSInterfaceID InterfaceID, mDNSBool LegacyQuery, mDNSBool QueryWasMulticast,
	mDNSBool QueryWasLocalUnicast, DNSMessage *const response)
	{
	mDNSBool      FromLocalSubnet    = srcaddr && mDNS_AddressIsLocalSubnet(m, InterfaceID, srcaddr);
	AuthRecord   *ResponseRecords    = mDNSNULL;
	AuthRecord  **nrp                = &ResponseRecords;
	CacheRecord  *ExpectedAnswers    = mDNSNULL;			// Records in our cache we expect to see updated
	CacheRecord **eap                = &ExpectedAnswers;
	DNSQuestion  *DupQuestions       = mDNSNULL;			// Our questions that are identical to questions in this packet
	DNSQuestion **dqp                = &DupQuestions;
	mDNSs32       delayresponse      = 0;
	mDNSBool      SendLegacyResponse = mDNSfalse;
	const mDNSu8 *ptr;
	mDNSu8       *responseptr        = mDNSNULL;
	AuthRecord   *rr;
	int i;

	// ***
	// *** 1. Look in Additional Section for an OPT record
	// ***
	ptr = LocateOptRR(query, end, DNSOpt_OwnerData_ID_Space);
	if (ptr)
		{
		ptr = GetLargeResourceRecord(m, query, ptr, end, InterfaceID, kDNSRecordTypePacketAdd, &m->rec);
		if (ptr && m->rec.r.resrec.RecordType != kDNSRecordTypePacketNegative && m->rec.r.resrec.rrtype == kDNSType_OPT)
			{
			const rdataOPT *opt;
			const rdataOPT *const e = (const rdataOPT *)&m->rec.r.resrec.rdata->u.data[m->rec.r.resrec.rdlength];
			// Find owner sub-option(s). We verify that the MAC is non-zero, otherwise we could inadvertently
			// delete all our own AuthRecords (which are identified by having zero MAC tags on them).
			for (opt = &m->rec.r.resrec.rdata->u.opt[0]; opt < e; opt++)
				if (opt->opt == kDNSOpt_Owner && opt->u.owner.vers == 0 && opt->u.owner.HMAC.l[0])
					{
					ClearProxyRecords(m, &opt->u.owner, m->DuplicateRecords);
					ClearProxyRecords(m, &opt->u.owner, m->ResourceRecords);
					}
			}
		m->rec.r.resrec.RecordType = 0;		// Clear RecordType to show we're not still using it
		}

	// ***
	// *** 2. Parse Question Section and mark potential answers
	// ***
	ptr = query->data;
	for (i=0; i<query->h.numQuestions; i++)						// For each question...
		{
		mDNSBool QuestionNeedsMulticastResponse;
		int NumAnswersForThisQuestion = 0;
		AuthRecord *NSECAnswer = mDNSNULL;
		DNSQuestion pktq, *q;
		ptr = getQuestion(query, ptr, end, InterfaceID, &pktq);	// get the question...
		if (!ptr) goto exit;

		// The only queries that *need* a multicast response are:
		// * Queries sent via multicast
		// * from port 5353
		// * that don't have the kDNSQClass_UnicastResponse bit set
		// These queries need multicast responses because other clients will:
		// * suppress their own identical questions when they see these questions, and
		// * expire their cache records if they don't see the expected responses
		// For other queries, we may still choose to send the occasional multicast response anyway,
		// to keep our neighbours caches warm, and for ongoing conflict detection.
		QuestionNeedsMulticastResponse = QueryWasMulticast && !LegacyQuery && !(pktq.qclass & kDNSQClass_UnicastResponse);
		// Clear the UnicastResponse flag -- don't want to confuse the rest of the code that follows later
		pktq.qclass &= ~kDNSQClass_UnicastResponse;
		
		// Note: We use the m->CurrentRecord mechanism here because calling ResolveSimultaneousProbe
		// can result in user callbacks which may change the record list and/or question list.
		// Also note: we just mark potential answer records here, without trying to build the
		// "ResponseRecords" list, because we don't want to risk user callbacks deleting records
		// from that list while we're in the middle of trying to build it.
		if (m->CurrentRecord)
			LogMsg("ProcessQuery ERROR m->CurrentRecord already set %s", ARDisplayString(m, m->CurrentRecord));
		m->CurrentRecord = m->ResourceRecords;
		while (m->CurrentRecord)
			{
			rr = m->CurrentRecord;
			m->CurrentRecord = rr->next;
			if (AnyTypeRecordAnswersQuestion(&rr->resrec, &pktq) && (QueryWasMulticast || QueryWasLocalUnicast || rr->AllowRemoteQuery))
				{
				if (RRTypeAnswersQuestionType(&rr->resrec, pktq.qtype))
					{
					if (rr->resrec.RecordType == kDNSRecordTypeUnique)
						ResolveSimultaneousProbe(m, query, end, &pktq, rr);
					else if (ResourceRecordIsValidAnswer(rr))
						{
						NumAnswersForThisQuestion++;
						// Note: We should check here if this is a probe-type query, and if so, generate an immediate
						// unicast answer back to the source, because timeliness in answering probes is important.
	
						// Notes:
						// NR_AnswerTo pointing into query packet means "answer via immediate legacy unicast" (may *also* choose to multicast)
						// NR_AnswerTo == (mDNSu8*)~1             means "answer via delayed unicast" (to modern querier; may promote to multicast instead)
						// NR_AnswerTo == (mDNSu8*)~0             means "definitely answer via multicast" (can't downgrade to unicast later)
						// If we're not multicasting this record because the kDNSQClass_UnicastResponse bit was set,
						// but the multicast querier is not on a matching subnet (e.g. because of overlaid subnets on one link)
						// then we'll multicast it anyway (if we unicast, the receiver will ignore it because it has an apparently non-local source)
						if (QuestionNeedsMulticastResponse || (!FromLocalSubnet && QueryWasMulticast && !LegacyQuery))
							{
							// We only mark this question for sending if it is at least one second since the last time we multicast it
							// on this interface. If it is more than a second, or LastMCInterface is different, then we may multicast it.
							// This is to guard against the case where someone blasts us with queries as fast as they can.
							if (m->timenow - (rr->LastMCTime + mDNSPlatformOneSecond) >= 0 ||
								(rr->LastMCInterface != mDNSInterfaceMark && rr->LastMCInterface != InterfaceID))
								rr->NR_AnswerTo = (mDNSu8*)~0;
							}
						else if (!rr->NR_AnswerTo) rr->NR_AnswerTo = LegacyQuery ? ptr : (mDNSu8*)~1;
						}
					}
				else if ((rr->resrec.RecordType & kDNSRecordTypeActiveUniqueMask) && ResourceRecordIsValidAnswer(rr))
					{
					// If we don't have any answers for this question, but we do own another record with the same name,
					// then we'll want to mark it to generate an NSEC record on this interface
					if (!NSECAnswer) NSECAnswer = rr;
					}
				}
			}

		if (NumAnswersForThisQuestion == 0 && NSECAnswer)
			{
			NumAnswersForThisQuestion++;
			NSECAnswer->SendNSECNow = InterfaceID;
			m->NextScheduledResponse = m->timenow;
			}

		// If we couldn't answer this question, someone else might be able to,
		// so use random delay on response to reduce collisions
		if (NumAnswersForThisQuestion == 0) delayresponse = mDNSPlatformOneSecond;	// Divided by 50 = 20ms

#if ENABLE_MULTI_PACKET_QUERY_SNOOPING
		if (QuestionNeedsMulticastResponse)
#else
		// We only do the following accelerated cache expiration and duplicate question suppression processing
		// for non-truncated multicast queries with multicast responses.
		// For any query generating a unicast response we don't do this because we can't assume we will see the response.
		// For truncated queries we don't do this because a response we're expecting might be suppressed by a subsequent
		// known-answer packet, and when there's packet loss we can't safely assume we'll receive *all* known-answer packets.
		if (QuestionNeedsMulticastResponse && !(query->h.flags.b[0] & kDNSFlag0_TC))
#endif
			{
			const mDNSu32 slot = HashSlot(&pktq.qname);
			CacheGroup *cg = CacheGroupForName(m, slot, pktq.qnamehash, &pktq.qname);
			CacheRecord *cr;

			// Make a list indicating which of our own cache records we expect to see updated as a result of this query
			// Note: Records larger than 1K are not habitually multicast, so don't expect those to be updated
#if ENABLE_MULTI_PACKET_QUERY_SNOOPING
			if (!(query->h.flags.b[0] & kDNSFlag0_TC))
#endif
				for (cr = cg ? cg->members : mDNSNULL; cr; cr=cr->next)
					if (SameNameRecordAnswersQuestion(&cr->resrec, &pktq) && cr->resrec.rdlength <= SmallRecordLimit)
						if (!cr->NextInKAList && eap != &cr->NextInKAList)
							{
							*eap = cr;
							eap = &cr->NextInKAList;
#if ENABLE_MULTI_PACKET_QUERY_SNOOPING
							if (cr->MPUnansweredQ == 0 || m->timenow - cr->MPLastUnansweredQT >= mDNSPlatformOneSecond)
								{
								// Although MPUnansweredQ is only really used for multi-packet query processing,
								// we increment it for both single-packet and multi-packet queries, so that it stays in sync
								// with the MPUnansweredKA value, which by necessity is incremented for both query types.
								cr->MPUnansweredQ++;
								cr->MPLastUnansweredQT = m->timenow;
								cr->MPExpectingKA = mDNStrue;
								}
#endif
							}
	
			// Check if this question is the same as any of mine.
			// We only do this for non-truncated queries. Right now it would be too complicated to try
			// to keep track of duplicate suppression state between multiple packets, especially when we
			// can't guarantee to receive all of the Known Answer packets that go with a particular query.
#if ENABLE_MULTI_PACKET_QUERY_SNOOPING
			if (!(query->h.flags.b[0] & kDNSFlag0_TC))
#endif
				for (q = m->Questions; q; q=q->next)
					if (!q->Target.type && ActiveQuestion(q) && m->timenow - q->LastQTxTime > mDNSPlatformOneSecond / 4)
						if (!q->InterfaceID || q->InterfaceID == InterfaceID)
							if (q->NextInDQList == mDNSNULL && dqp != &q->NextInDQList)
								if (q->qtype == pktq.qtype &&
									q->qclass == pktq.qclass &&
									q->qnamehash == pktq.qnamehash && SameDomainName(&q->qname, &pktq.qname))
									{ *dqp = q; dqp = &q->NextInDQList; }
			}
		}

	// ***
	// *** 3. Now we can safely build the list of marked answers
	// ***
	for (rr = m->ResourceRecords; rr; rr=rr->next)				// Now build our list of potential answers
		if (rr->NR_AnswerTo)									// If we marked the record...
			AddRecordToResponseList(&nrp, rr, mDNSNULL);		// ... add it to the list

	// ***
	// *** 4. Add additional records
	// ***
	AddAdditionalsToResponseList(m, ResponseRecords, &nrp, InterfaceID);

	// ***
	// *** 5. Parse Answer Section and cancel any records disallowed by Known-Answer list
	// ***
	for (i=0; i<query->h.numAnswers; i++)						// For each record in the query's answer section...
		{
		// Get the record...
		CacheRecord *ourcacherr;
		ptr = GetLargeResourceRecord(m, query, ptr, end, InterfaceID, kDNSRecordTypePacketAns, &m->rec);
		if (!ptr) goto exit;
		if (m->rec.r.resrec.RecordType != kDNSRecordTypePacketNegative)
			{
			// See if this Known-Answer suppresses any of our currently planned answers
			for (rr=ResponseRecords; rr; rr=rr->NextResponse)
				if (MustSendRecord(rr) && ShouldSuppressKnownAnswer(&m->rec.r, rr))
					{ rr->NR_AnswerTo = mDNSNULL; rr->NR_AdditionalTo = mDNSNULL; }
	
			// See if this Known-Answer suppresses any previously scheduled answers (for multi-packet KA suppression)
			for (rr=m->ResourceRecords; rr; rr=rr->next)
				{
				// If we're planning to send this answer on this interface, and only on this interface, then allow KA suppression
				if (rr->ImmedAnswer == InterfaceID && ShouldSuppressKnownAnswer(&m->rec.r, rr))
					{
					if (srcaddr->type == mDNSAddrType_IPv4)
						{
						if (mDNSSameIPv4Address(rr->v4Requester, srcaddr->ip.v4)) rr->v4Requester = zerov4Addr;
						}
					else if (srcaddr->type == mDNSAddrType_IPv6)
						{
						if (mDNSSameIPv6Address(rr->v6Requester, srcaddr->ip.v6)) rr->v6Requester = zerov6Addr;
						}
					if (mDNSIPv4AddressIsZero(rr->v4Requester) && mDNSIPv6AddressIsZero(rr->v6Requester))
						{
						rr->ImmedAnswer  = mDNSNULL;
						rr->ImmedUnicast = mDNSfalse;
	#if MDNS_LOG_ANSWER_SUPPRESSION_TIMES
						LogMsg("Suppressed after%4d: %s", m->timenow - rr->ImmedAnswerMarkTime, ARDisplayString(m, rr));
	#endif
						}
					}
				}
	
			ourcacherr = FindIdenticalRecordInCache(m, &m->rec.r.resrec);
	
	#if ENABLE_MULTI_PACKET_QUERY_SNOOPING
			// See if this Known-Answer suppresses any answers we were expecting for our cache records. We do this always,
			// even if the TC bit is not set (the TC bit will *not* be set in the *last* packet of a multi-packet KA list).
			if (ourcacherr && ourcacherr->MPExpectingKA && m->timenow - ourcacherr->MPLastUnansweredQT < mDNSPlatformOneSecond)
				{
				ourcacherr->MPUnansweredKA++;
				ourcacherr->MPExpectingKA = mDNSfalse;
				}
	#endif
	
			// Having built our ExpectedAnswers list from the questions in this packet, we then remove
			// any records that are suppressed by the Known Answer list in this packet.
			eap = &ExpectedAnswers;
			while (*eap)
				{
				CacheRecord *cr = *eap;
				if (cr->resrec.InterfaceID == InterfaceID && IdenticalResourceRecord(&m->rec.r.resrec, &cr->resrec))
					{ *eap = cr->NextInKAList; cr->NextInKAList = mDNSNULL; }
				else eap = &cr->NextInKAList;
				}
			
			// See if this Known-Answer is a surprise to us. If so, we shouldn't suppress our own query.
			if (!ourcacherr)
				{
				dqp = &DupQuestions;
				while (*dqp)
					{
					DNSQuestion *q = *dqp;
					if (ResourceRecordAnswersQuestion(&m->rec.r.resrec, q))
						{ *dqp = q->NextInDQList; q->NextInDQList = mDNSNULL; }
					else dqp = &q->NextInDQList;
					}
				}
			}
		m->rec.r.resrec.RecordType = 0;		// Clear RecordType to show we're not still using it
		}

	// ***
	// *** 6. Cancel any additionals that were added because of now-deleted records
	// ***
	for (rr=ResponseRecords; rr; rr=rr->NextResponse)
		if (rr->NR_AdditionalTo && !MustSendRecord(rr->NR_AdditionalTo))
			{ rr->NR_AnswerTo = mDNSNULL; rr->NR_AdditionalTo = mDNSNULL; }

	// ***
	// *** 7. Mark the send flags on the records we plan to send
	// ***
	for (rr=ResponseRecords; rr; rr=rr->NextResponse)
		{
		if (rr->NR_AnswerTo)
			{
			mDNSBool SendMulticastResponse = mDNSfalse;		// Send modern multicast response
			mDNSBool SendUnicastResponse   = mDNSfalse;		// Send modern unicast response (not legacy unicast response)
			
			// If it's been a while since we multicast this, then send a multicast response for conflict detection, etc.
			if (m->timenow - (rr->LastMCTime + TicksTTL(rr)/4) >= 0)
				{
				SendMulticastResponse = mDNStrue;
				// If this record was marked for modern (delayed) unicast response, then mark it as promoted to
				// multicast response instead (don't want to end up ALSO setting SendUnicastResponse in the check below).
				// If this record was marked for legacy unicast response, then we mustn't change the NR_AnswerTo value.
				if (rr->NR_AnswerTo == (mDNSu8*)~1) rr->NR_AnswerTo = (mDNSu8*)~0;
				}
			
			// If the client insists on a multicast response, then we'd better send one
			if      (rr->NR_AnswerTo == (mDNSu8*)~0) SendMulticastResponse = mDNStrue;
			else if (rr->NR_AnswerTo == (mDNSu8*)~1) SendUnicastResponse   = mDNStrue;
			else if (rr->NR_AnswerTo)                SendLegacyResponse    = mDNStrue;
	
			if (SendMulticastResponse || SendUnicastResponse)
				{
#if MDNS_LOG_ANSWER_SUPPRESSION_TIMES
				rr->ImmedAnswerMarkTime = m->timenow;
#endif
				m->NextScheduledResponse = m->timenow;
				// If we're already planning to send this on another interface, just send it on all interfaces
				if (rr->ImmedAnswer && rr->ImmedAnswer != InterfaceID)
					rr->ImmedAnswer = mDNSInterfaceMark;
				else
					{
					rr->ImmedAnswer = InterfaceID;			// Record interface to send it on
					if (SendUnicastResponse) rr->ImmedUnicast = mDNStrue;
					if (srcaddr->type == mDNSAddrType_IPv4)
						{
						if      (mDNSIPv4AddressIsZero(rr->v4Requester))                rr->v4Requester = srcaddr->ip.v4;
						else if (!mDNSSameIPv4Address(rr->v4Requester, srcaddr->ip.v4)) rr->v4Requester = onesIPv4Addr;
						}
					else if (srcaddr->type == mDNSAddrType_IPv6)
						{
						if      (mDNSIPv6AddressIsZero(rr->v6Requester))                rr->v6Requester = srcaddr->ip.v6;
						else if (!mDNSSameIPv6Address(rr->v6Requester, srcaddr->ip.v6)) rr->v6Requester = onesIPv6Addr;
						}
					}
				}
			// If TC flag is set, it means we should expect that additional known answers may be coming in another packet,
			// so we allow roughly half a second before deciding to reply (we've observed inter-packet delays of 100-200ms on 802.11)
			// else, if record is a shared one, spread responses over 100ms to avoid implosion of simultaneous responses
			// else, for a simple unique record reply, we can reply immediately; no need for delay
			if      (query->h.flags.b[0] & kDNSFlag0_TC)            delayresponse = mDNSPlatformOneSecond * 20;	// Divided by 50 = 400ms
			else if (rr->resrec.RecordType == kDNSRecordTypeShared) delayresponse = mDNSPlatformOneSecond;		// Divided by 50 = 20ms
			}
		else if (rr->NR_AdditionalTo && rr->NR_AdditionalTo->NR_AnswerTo == (mDNSu8*)~0)
			{
			// Since additional records are an optimization anyway, we only ever send them on one interface at a time
			// If two clients on different interfaces do queries that invoke the same optional additional answer,
			// then the earlier client is out of luck
			rr->ImmedAdditional = InterfaceID;
			// No need to set m->NextScheduledResponse here
			// We'll send these additional records when we send them, or not, as the case may be
			}
		}

	// ***
	// *** 8. If we think other machines are likely to answer these questions, set our packet suppression timer
	// ***
	if (delayresponse && (!m->SuppressSending || (m->SuppressSending - m->timenow) < (delayresponse + 49) / 50))
		{
#if MDNS_LOG_ANSWER_SUPPRESSION_TIMES
		mDNSs32 oldss = m->SuppressSending;
		if (oldss && delayresponse)
			LogMsg("Current SuppressSending delay%5ld; require%5ld", m->SuppressSending - m->timenow, (delayresponse + 49) / 50);
#endif
		// Pick a random delay:
		// We start with the base delay chosen above (typically either 1 second or 20 seconds),
		// and add a random value in the range 0-5 seconds (making 1-6 seconds or 20-25 seconds).
		// This is an integer value, with resolution determined by the platform clock rate.
		// We then divide that by 50 to get the delay value in ticks. We defer the division until last
		// to get better results on platforms with coarse clock granularity (e.g. ten ticks per second).
		// The +49 before dividing is to ensure we round up, not down, to ensure that even
		// on platforms where the native clock rate is less than fifty ticks per second,
		// we still guarantee that the final calculated delay is at least one platform tick.
		// We want to make sure we don't ever allow the delay to be zero ticks,
		// because if that happens we'll fail the Bonjour Conformance Test.
		// Our final computed delay is 20-120ms for normal delayed replies,
		// or 400-500ms in the case of multi-packet known-answer lists.
		m->SuppressSending = m->timenow + (delayresponse + (mDNSs32)mDNSRandom((mDNSu32)mDNSPlatformOneSecond*5) + 49) / 50;
		if (m->SuppressSending == 0) m->SuppressSending = 1;
#if MDNS_LOG_ANSWER_SUPPRESSION_TIMES
		if (oldss && delayresponse)
			LogMsg("Set     SuppressSending to   %5ld", m->SuppressSending - m->timenow);
#endif
		}

	// ***
	// *** 9. If query is from a legacy client, or from a new client requesting a unicast reply, then generate a unicast response too
	// ***
	if (SendLegacyResponse)
		responseptr = GenerateUnicastResponse(query, end, InterfaceID, LegacyQuery, response, ResponseRecords);

exit:
	m->rec.r.resrec.RecordType = 0;		// Clear RecordType to show we're not still using it
	
	// ***
	// *** 10. Finally, clear our link chains ready for use next time
	// ***
	while (ResponseRecords)
		{
		rr = ResponseRecords;
		ResponseRecords = rr->NextResponse;
		rr->NextResponse    = mDNSNULL;
		rr->NR_AnswerTo     = mDNSNULL;
		rr->NR_AdditionalTo = mDNSNULL;
		}
	
	while (ExpectedAnswers)
		{
		CacheRecord *cr = ExpectedAnswers;
		ExpectedAnswers = cr->NextInKAList;
		cr->NextInKAList = mDNSNULL;
		
		// For non-truncated queries, we can definitively say that we should expect
		// to be seeing a response for any records still left in the ExpectedAnswers list
		if (!(query->h.flags.b[0] & kDNSFlag0_TC))
			if (cr->UnansweredQueries == 0 || m->timenow - cr->LastUnansweredTime >= mDNSPlatformOneSecond)
				{
				cr->UnansweredQueries++;
				cr->LastUnansweredTime = m->timenow;
#if ENABLE_MULTI_PACKET_QUERY_SNOOPING
				if (cr->UnansweredQueries > 1)
					debugf("ProcessQuery: (!TC) UAQ %lu MPQ %lu MPKA %lu %s",
						cr->UnansweredQueries, cr->MPUnansweredQ, cr->MPUnansweredKA, CRDisplayString(m, cr));
#endif
				SetNextCacheCheckTimeForRecord(m, cr);
				}

		// If we've seen multiple unanswered queries for this record,
		// then mark it to expire in five seconds if we don't get a response by then.
		if (cr->UnansweredQueries >= MaxUnansweredQueries)
			{
#if ENABLE_MULTI_PACKET_QUERY_SNOOPING
			// Only show debugging message if this record was not about to expire anyway
			if (RRExpireTime(cr) - m->timenow > 4 * mDNSPlatformOneSecond)
				debugf("ProcessQuery: (Max) UAQ %lu MPQ %lu MPKA %lu mDNS_Reconfirm() for %s",
					cr->UnansweredQueries, cr->MPUnansweredQ, cr->MPUnansweredKA, CRDisplayString(m, cr));
#endif
			mDNS_Reconfirm_internal(m, cr, kDefaultReconfirmTimeForNoAnswer);
			}
#if ENABLE_MULTI_PACKET_QUERY_SNOOPING
		// Make a guess, based on the multi-packet query / known answer counts, whether we think we
		// should have seen an answer for this. (We multiply MPQ by 4 and MPKA by 5, to allow for
		// possible packet loss of up to 20% of the additional KA packets.)
		else if (cr->MPUnansweredQ * 4 > cr->MPUnansweredKA * 5 + 8)
			{
			// We want to do this conservatively.
			// If there are so many machines on the network that they have to use multi-packet known-answer lists,
			// then we don't want them to all hit the network simultaneously with their final expiration queries.
			// By setting the record to expire in four minutes, we achieve two things:
			// (a) the 90-95% final expiration queries will be less bunched together
			// (b) we allow some time for us to witness enough other failed queries that we don't have to do our own
			mDNSu32 remain = (mDNSu32)(RRExpireTime(cr) - m->timenow) / 4;
			if (remain > 240 * (mDNSu32)mDNSPlatformOneSecond)
				remain = 240 * (mDNSu32)mDNSPlatformOneSecond;
			
			// Only show debugging message if this record was not about to expire anyway
			if (RRExpireTime(cr) - m->timenow > 4 * mDNSPlatformOneSecond)
				debugf("ProcessQuery: (MPQ) UAQ %lu MPQ %lu MPKA %lu mDNS_Reconfirm() for %s",
					cr->UnansweredQueries, cr->MPUnansweredQ, cr->MPUnansweredKA, CRDisplayString(m, cr));

			if (remain <= 60 * (mDNSu32)mDNSPlatformOneSecond)
				cr->UnansweredQueries++;	// Treat this as equivalent to one definite unanswered query
			cr->MPUnansweredQ  = 0;			// Clear MPQ/MPKA statistics
			cr->MPUnansweredKA = 0;
			cr->MPExpectingKA  = mDNSfalse;
			
			if (remain < kDefaultReconfirmTimeForNoAnswer)
				remain = kDefaultReconfirmTimeForNoAnswer;
			mDNS_Reconfirm_internal(m, cr, remain);
			}
#endif
		}
	
	while (DupQuestions)
		{
		DNSQuestion *q = DupQuestions;
		DupQuestions = q->NextInDQList;
		q->NextInDQList = mDNSNULL;
		i = RecordDupSuppressInfo(q->DupSuppress, m->timenow, InterfaceID, srcaddr->type);
		debugf("ProcessQuery: Recorded DSI for %##s (%s) on %p/%s %d", q->qname.c, DNSTypeName(q->qtype), InterfaceID,
			srcaddr->type == mDNSAddrType_IPv4 ? "v4" : "v6", i);
		}
	
	return(responseptr);
	}

mDNSlocal void mDNSCoreReceiveQuery(mDNS *const m, const DNSMessage *const msg, const mDNSu8 *const end,
	const mDNSAddr *srcaddr, const mDNSIPPort srcport, const mDNSAddr *dstaddr, mDNSIPPort dstport,
	const mDNSInterfaceID InterfaceID)
	{
	mDNSu8    *responseend = mDNSNULL;
	mDNSBool   QueryWasLocalUnicast = srcaddr && dstaddr &&
		!mDNSAddrIsDNSMulticast(dstaddr) && mDNS_AddressIsLocalSubnet(m, InterfaceID, srcaddr);
	
	if (!InterfaceID && dstaddr && mDNSAddrIsDNSMulticast(dstaddr))
		{
		LogMsg("Ignoring Query from %#-15a:%-5d to %#-15a:%-5d on 0x%p with "
			"%2d Question%s %2d Answer%s %2d Authorit%s %2d Additional%s %d bytes (Multicast, but no InterfaceID)",
			srcaddr, mDNSVal16(srcport), dstaddr, mDNSVal16(dstport), InterfaceID,
			msg->h.numQuestions,   msg->h.numQuestions   == 1 ? ", "   : "s,",
			msg->h.numAnswers,     msg->h.numAnswers     == 1 ? ", "   : "s,",
			msg->h.numAuthorities, msg->h.numAuthorities == 1 ? "y,  " : "ies,",
			msg->h.numAdditionals, msg->h.numAdditionals == 1 ? " "    : "s", end - msg->data);
		return;
		}

	verbosedebugf("Received Query from %#-15a:%-5d to %#-15a:%-5d on 0x%p with "
		"%2d Question%s %2d Answer%s %2d Authorit%s %2d Additional%s %d bytes",
		srcaddr, mDNSVal16(srcport), dstaddr, mDNSVal16(dstport), InterfaceID,
		msg->h.numQuestions,   msg->h.numQuestions   == 1 ? ", "   : "s,",
		msg->h.numAnswers,     msg->h.numAnswers     == 1 ? ", "   : "s,",
		msg->h.numAuthorities, msg->h.numAuthorities == 1 ? "y,  " : "ies,",
		msg->h.numAdditionals, msg->h.numAdditionals == 1 ? " "    : "s", end - msg->data);
	
	responseend = ProcessQuery(m, msg, end, srcaddr, InterfaceID,
		!mDNSSameIPPort(srcport, MulticastDNSPort), mDNSAddrIsDNSMulticast(dstaddr), QueryWasLocalUnicast, &m->omsg);

	if (responseend)	// If responseend is non-null, that means we built a unicast response packet
		{
		debugf("Unicast Response: %d Question%s, %d Answer%s, %d Additional%s to %#-15a:%d on %p/%ld",
			m->omsg.h.numQuestions,   m->omsg.h.numQuestions   == 1 ? "" : "s",
			m->omsg.h.numAnswers,     m->omsg.h.numAnswers     == 1 ? "" : "s",
			m->omsg.h.numAdditionals, m->omsg.h.numAdditionals == 1 ? "" : "s",
			srcaddr, mDNSVal16(srcport), InterfaceID, srcaddr->type);
		mDNSSendDNSMessage(m, &m->omsg, responseend, InterfaceID, mDNSNULL, srcaddr, srcport, mDNSNULL, mDNSNULL);
		}
	}

#if 0
mDNSlocal mDNSBool TrustedSource(const mDNS *const m, const mDNSAddr *const srcaddr)
	{
	DNSServer *s;
	(void)m; // Unused
	(void)srcaddr; // Unused
	for (s = m->DNSServers; s; s = s->next)
		if (mDNSSameAddress(srcaddr, &s->addr)) return(mDNStrue);
	return(mDNSfalse);
	}
#endif

struct UDPSocket_struct
	{
	mDNSIPPort port; // MUST BE FIRST FIELD -- mDNSCoreReceive expects every UDPSocket_struct to begin with mDNSIPPort port
	};

mDNSlocal DNSQuestion *ExpectingUnicastResponseForQuestion(const mDNS *const m, const mDNSIPPort port, const mDNSOpaque16 id, const DNSQuestion *const question, mDNSBool tcp)
	{
	DNSQuestion *q;
	for (q = m->Questions; q; q=q->next)
		{
		if (!tcp && !q->LocalSocket) continue;
		if (mDNSSameIPPort(tcp ? q->tcpSrcPort : q->LocalSocket->port, port)     &&
			mDNSSameOpaque16(q->TargetQID,         id)       &&
			q->qtype                  == question->qtype     &&
			q->qclass                 == question->qclass    &&
			q->qnamehash              == question->qnamehash &&
			SameDomainName(&q->qname, &question->qname))
			return(q);
		}
	return(mDNSNULL);
	}

mDNSlocal DNSQuestion *ExpectingUnicastResponseForRecord(mDNS *const m,
	const mDNSAddr *const srcaddr, const mDNSBool SrcLocal, const mDNSIPPort port, const mDNSOpaque16 id, const CacheRecord *const rr, mDNSBool tcp)
	{
	DNSQuestion *q;
	(void)id;
	(void)srcaddr;

	// Unicast records have zero as InterfaceID
	if (rr->resrec.InterfaceID) return mDNSNULL;

	for (q = m->Questions; q; q=q->next)
		{
		if (!q->DuplicateOf && UnicastResourceRecordAnswersQuestion(&rr->resrec, q))
			{
			if (!mDNSOpaque16IsZero(q->TargetQID))
				{
				debugf("ExpectingUnicastResponseForRecord msg->h.id %d q->TargetQID %d for %s", mDNSVal16(id), mDNSVal16(q->TargetQID), CRDisplayString(m, rr));

				if (mDNSSameOpaque16(q->TargetQID, id))
					{
					mDNSIPPort srcp;
					if (!tcp)
						{
						srcp = q->LocalSocket ? q->LocalSocket->port : zeroIPPort;
						}
					else
						{
						srcp = q->tcpSrcPort;
						}
					if (mDNSSameIPPort(srcp, port)) return(q);
					
				//	if (mDNSSameAddress(srcaddr, &q->Target))                   return(mDNStrue);
				//	if (q->LongLived && mDNSSameAddress(srcaddr, &q->servAddr)) return(mDNStrue); Shouldn't need this now that we have LLQType checking
				//	if (TrustedSource(m, srcaddr))                              return(mDNStrue);
					LogInfo("WARNING: Ignoring suspect uDNS response for %##s (%s) [q->Target %#a:%d] from %#a:%d %s",
						q->qname.c, DNSTypeName(q->qtype), &q->Target, mDNSVal16(srcp), srcaddr, mDNSVal16(port), CRDisplayString(m, rr));
					return(mDNSNULL);
					}
				}
			else
				{
				if (SrcLocal && q->ExpectUnicastResp && (mDNSu32)(m->timenow - q->ExpectUnicastResp) < (mDNSu32)(mDNSPlatformOneSecond*2))
					return(q);
				}
			}
		}
	return(mDNSNULL);
	}

// Certain data types need more space for in-memory storage than their in-packet rdlength would imply
// Currently this applies only to rdata types containing more than one domainname,
// or types where the domainname is not the last item in the structure.
// In addition, NSEC currently requires less space for in-memory storage than its in-packet representation.
mDNSlocal mDNSu16 GetRDLengthMem(const ResourceRecord *const rr)
	{
	switch (rr->rrtype)
		{
		case kDNSType_SOA: return sizeof(rdataSOA);
		case kDNSType_RP:  return sizeof(rdataRP);
		case kDNSType_PX:  return sizeof(rdataPX);
		case kDNSType_NSEC:return sizeof(rdataNSEC);
		default:           return rr->rdlength;
		}
	}

mDNSexport CacheRecord *CreateNewCacheEntry(mDNS *const m, const mDNSu32 slot, CacheGroup *cg, mDNSs32 delay)
	{
	CacheRecord *rr = mDNSNULL;
	mDNSu16 RDLength = GetRDLengthMem(&m->rec.r.resrec);

	if (!m->rec.r.resrec.InterfaceID) debugf("CreateNewCacheEntry %s", CRDisplayString(m, &m->rec.r));

	//if (RDLength > InlineCacheRDSize)
	//	LogInfo("Rdata len %4d > InlineCacheRDSize %d %s", RDLength, InlineCacheRDSize, CRDisplayString(m, &m->rec.r));

	if (!cg) cg = GetCacheGroup(m, slot, &m->rec.r.resrec);	// If we don't have a CacheGroup for this name, make one now
	if (cg)  rr = GetCacheRecord(m, cg, RDLength);	// Make a cache record, being careful not to recycle cg
	if (!rr) NoCacheAnswer(m, &m->rec.r);
	else
		{
		RData *saveptr = rr->resrec.rdata;		// Save the rr->resrec.rdata pointer
		*rr = m->rec.r;							// Block copy the CacheRecord object
		rr->resrec.rdata  = saveptr;				// Restore rr->resrec.rdata after the structure assignment
		rr->resrec.name   = cg->name;			// And set rr->resrec.name to point into our CacheGroup header
		rr->DelayDelivery = delay;

		// If this is an oversized record with external storage allocated, copy rdata to external storage
		if      (rr->resrec.rdata == (RData*)&rr->smallrdatastorage && RDLength > InlineCacheRDSize)
			LogMsg("rr->resrec.rdata == &rr->rdatastorage but length > InlineCacheRDSize %##s", m->rec.r.resrec.name->c);
		else if (rr->resrec.rdata != (RData*)&rr->smallrdatastorage && RDLength <= InlineCacheRDSize)
			LogMsg("rr->resrec.rdata != &rr->rdatastorage but length <= InlineCacheRDSize %##s", m->rec.r.resrec.name->c);
		if (RDLength > InlineCacheRDSize)
			mDNSPlatformMemCopy(rr->resrec.rdata, m->rec.r.resrec.rdata, sizeofRDataHeader + RDLength);

		rr->next = mDNSNULL;					// Clear 'next' pointer
		*(cg->rrcache_tail) = rr;				// Append this record to tail of cache slot list
		cg->rrcache_tail = &(rr->next);			// Advance tail pointer

		CacheRecordAdd(m, rr);	// CacheRecordAdd calls SetNextCacheCheckTimeForRecord(m, rr); for us
		}
	return(rr);
	}

mDNSlocal void RefreshCacheRecord(mDNS *const m, CacheRecord *rr, mDNSu32 ttl)
	{
	rr->TimeRcvd             = m->timenow;
	rr->resrec.rroriginalttl = ttl;
	rr->UnansweredQueries = 0;
#if ENABLE_MULTI_PACKET_QUERY_SNOOPING
	rr->MPUnansweredQ     = 0;
	rr->MPUnansweredKA    = 0;
	rr->MPExpectingKA     = mDNSfalse;
#endif
	SetNextCacheCheckTimeForRecord(m, rr);
	}

mDNSexport void GrantCacheExtensions(mDNS *const m, DNSQuestion *q, mDNSu32 lease)
	{
	CacheRecord *rr;
	const mDNSu32 slot = HashSlot(&q->qname);
	CacheGroup *cg = CacheGroupForName(m, slot, q->qnamehash, &q->qname);
	for (rr = cg ? cg->members : mDNSNULL; rr; rr=rr->next)
		if (rr->CRActiveQuestion == q)
			{
			//LogInfo("GrantCacheExtensions: new lease %d / %s", lease, CRDisplayString(m, rr));
			RefreshCacheRecord(m, rr, lease);
			}
	}

mDNSlocal mDNSu32 GetEffectiveTTL(const uDNS_LLQType LLQType, mDNSu32 ttl)		// TTL in seconds
	{
	if      (LLQType == uDNS_LLQ_Entire) ttl = kLLQ_DefLease;
	else if (LLQType == uDNS_LLQ_Events)
		{
		// If the TTL is -1 for uDNS LLQ event packet, that means "remove"
		if (ttl == 0xFFFFFFFF) ttl = 0;
		else                   ttl = kLLQ_DefLease;
		}
	else	// else not LLQ (standard uDNS response)
		{
		// The TTL is already capped to a maximum value in GetLargeResourceRecord, but just to be extra safe we
		// also do this check here to make sure we can't get overflow below when we add a quarter to the TTL
		if (ttl > 0x60000000UL / mDNSPlatformOneSecond) ttl = 0x60000000UL / mDNSPlatformOneSecond;

		// Adjustment factor to avoid race condition:
		// Suppose real record as TTL of 3600, and our local caching server has held it for 3500 seconds, so it returns an aged TTL of 100.
		// If we do our normal refresh at 80% of the TTL, our local caching server will return 20 seconds, so we'll do another
		// 80% refresh after 16 seconds, and then the server will return 4 seconds, and so on, in the fashion of Zeno's paradox.
		// To avoid this, we extend the record's effective TTL to give it a little extra grace period.
		// We adjust the 100 second TTL to 126. This means that when we do our 80% query at 101 seconds,
		// the cached copy at our local caching server will already have expired, so the server will be forced
		// to fetch a fresh copy from the authoritative server, and then return a fresh record with the full TTL of 3600 seconds.
		ttl += ttl/4 + 2;

		// For mDNS, TTL zero means "delete this record"
		// For uDNS, TTL zero means: this data is true at this moment, but don't cache it.
		// For the sake of network efficiency, we impose a minimum effective TTL of 15 seconds.
		// This means that we'll do our 80, 85, 90, 95% queries at 12.00, 12.75, 13.50, 14.25 seconds
		// respectively, and then if we get no response, delete the record from the cache at 15 seconds.
		// This gives the server up to three seconds to respond between when we send our 80% query at 12 seconds
		// and when we delete the record at 15 seconds. Allowing cache lifetimes less than 15 seconds would
		// (with the current code) result in the server having even less than three seconds to respond
		// before we deleted the record and reported a "remove" event to any active questions.
		// Furthermore, with the current code, if we were to allow a TTL of less than 2 seconds
		// then things really break (e.g. we end up making a negative cache entry).
		// In the future we may want to revisit this and consider properly supporting non-cached (TTL=0) uDNS answers.
		if (ttl < 15) ttl = 15;
		}
	
	return ttl;
	}

// Note: mDNSCoreReceiveResponse calls mDNS_Deregister_internal which can call a user callback, which may change
// the record list and/or question list.
// Any code walking either list must use the CurrentQuestion and/or CurrentRecord mechanism to protect against this.
// InterfaceID non-NULL tells us the interface this multicast response was received on
// InterfaceID NULL tells us this was a unicast response
// dstaddr NULL tells us we received this over an outgoing TCP connection we made
mDNSlocal void mDNSCoreReceiveResponse(mDNS *const m,
	const DNSMessage *const response, const mDNSu8 *end,
	const mDNSAddr *srcaddr, const mDNSIPPort srcport, const mDNSAddr *dstaddr, mDNSIPPort dstport,
	const mDNSInterfaceID InterfaceID)
	{
	int i;
	mDNSBool ResponseMCast    = dstaddr && mDNSAddrIsDNSMulticast(dstaddr);
	mDNSBool ResponseSrcLocal = !srcaddr || mDNS_AddressIsLocalSubnet(m, InterfaceID, srcaddr);
	DNSQuestion *llqMatch = mDNSNULL;
	uDNS_LLQType LLQType      = uDNS_recvLLQResponse(m, response, end, srcaddr, srcport, &llqMatch);

	// "(CacheRecord*)1" is a special (non-zero) end-of-list marker
	// We use this non-zero marker so that records in our CacheFlushRecords list will always have NextInCFList
	// set non-zero, and that tells GetCacheEntity() that they're not, at this moment, eligible for recycling.
	CacheRecord *CacheFlushRecords = (CacheRecord*)1;
	CacheRecord **cfp = &CacheFlushRecords;

	// All records in a DNS response packet are treated as equally valid statements of truth. If we want
	// to guard against spoof responses, then the only credible protection against that is cryptographic
	// security, e.g. DNSSEC., not worring about which section in the spoof packet contained the record
	int firstauthority  =                   response->h.numAnswers;
	int firstadditional = firstauthority  + response->h.numAuthorities;
	int totalrecords    = firstadditional + response->h.numAdditionals;
	const mDNSu8 *ptr   = response->data;
	DNSServer *uDNSServer = mDNSNULL;

	debugf("Received Response from %#-15a addressed to %#-15a on %p with "
		"%2d Question%s %2d Answer%s %2d Authorit%s %2d Additional%s %d bytes LLQType %d",
		srcaddr, dstaddr, InterfaceID,
		response->h.numQuestions,   response->h.numQuestions   == 1 ? ", "   : "s,",
		response->h.numAnswers,     response->h.numAnswers     == 1 ? ", "   : "s,",
		response->h.numAuthorities, response->h.numAuthorities == 1 ? "y,  " : "ies,",
		response->h.numAdditionals, response->h.numAdditionals == 1 ? " "    : "s", end - response->data, LLQType);

	// According to RFC 2181 <http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2181.txt>
	//    When a DNS client receives a reply with TC
	//    set, it should ignore that response, and query again, using a
	//    mechanism, such as a TCP connection, that will permit larger replies.
	// It feels wrong to be throwing away data after the network went to all the trouble of delivering it to us, but
	// delivering some records of the RRSet first and then the remainder a couple of milliseconds later was causing
	// failures in our Microsoft Active Directory client, which expects to get the entire set of answers at once.
	// <rdar://problem/6690034> Can't bind to Active Directory
	// In addition, if the client immediately canceled its query after getting the initial partial response, then we'll
	// abort our TCP connection, and not complete the operation, and end up with an incomplete RRSet in our cache.
	// Next time there's a query for this RRSet we'll see answers in our cache, and assume we have the whole RRSet already,
	// and not even do the TCP query.
	// Accordingly, if we get a uDNS reply with kDNSFlag0_TC set, we bail out and wait for the TCP response containing the entire RRSet.
	if (!InterfaceID && (response->h.flags.b[0] & kDNSFlag0_TC)) return;

	if (LLQType == uDNS_LLQ_Ignore) return;

	// 1. We ignore questions (if any) in mDNS response packets
	// 2. If this is an LLQ response, we handle it much the same
	// 3. If we get a uDNS UDP response with the TC (truncated) bit set, then we can't treat this
	//    answer as being the authoritative complete RRSet, and respond by deleting all other
	//    matching cache records that don't appear in this packet.
	// Otherwise, this is a authoritative uDNS answer, so arrange for any stale records to be purged
	if (ResponseMCast || LLQType == uDNS_LLQ_Events || (response->h.flags.b[0] & kDNSFlag0_TC))
		ptr = LocateAnswers(response, end);
	// Otherwise, for one-shot queries, any answers in our cache that are not also contained
	// in this response packet are immediately deemed to be invalid.
	else
		{
		mDNSu8 rcode = (mDNSu8)(response->h.flags.b[1] & kDNSFlag1_RC_Mask);
		mDNSBool failure = !(rcode == kDNSFlag1_RC_NoErr || rcode == kDNSFlag1_RC_NXDomain || rcode == kDNSFlag1_RC_NotAuth);
		mDNSBool returnEarly = mDNSfalse;
		// We could possibly combine this with the similar loop at the end of this function --
		// instead of tagging cache records here and then rescuing them if we find them in the answer section,
		// we could instead use the "m->PktNum" mechanism to tag each cache record with the packet number in
		// which it was received (or refreshed), and then at the end if we find any cache records which
		// answer questions in this packet's question section, but which aren't tagged with this packet's
		// packet number, then we deduce they are old and delete them
		for (i = 0; i < response->h.numQuestions && ptr && ptr < end; i++)
			{
			DNSQuestion q, *qptr = mDNSNULL;
			ptr = getQuestion(response, ptr, end, InterfaceID, &q);
			if (ptr && (qptr = ExpectingUnicastResponseForQuestion(m, dstport, response->h.id, &q, !dstaddr)))
				{
				if (!failure)
					{
					CacheRecord *rr;
					const mDNSu32 slot = HashSlot(&q.qname);
					CacheGroup *cg = CacheGroupForName(m, slot, q.qnamehash, &q.qname);
					for (rr = cg ? cg->members : mDNSNULL; rr; rr=rr->next)
						if (SameNameRecordAnswersQuestion(&rr->resrec, qptr))
							{
							debugf("uDNS marking %p %##s (%s) %p %s", q.InterfaceID, q.qname.c, DNSTypeName(q.qtype),
								rr->resrec.InterfaceID, CRDisplayString(m, rr));
							// Don't want to disturb rroriginalttl here, because code below might need it for the exponential backoff doubling algorithm
							rr->TimeRcvd          = m->timenow - TicksTTL(rr) - 1;
							rr->UnansweredQueries = MaxUnansweredQueries;
							}
					}
				else
					{
					if (qptr)
						{
						LogInfo("mDNSCoreReceiveResponse: Server %p responded with code %d to query %##s (%s)", qptr->qDNSServer, rcode, q.qname.c, DNSTypeName(q.qtype));
						PenalizeDNSServer(m, qptr);
						}
					returnEarly = mDNStrue;
					}
				}
			}
		if (returnEarly)
			{
			LogInfo("Ignoring %2d Answer%s %2d Authorit%s %2d Additional%s",
				response->h.numAnswers,     response->h.numAnswers     == 1 ? ", " : "s,",
				response->h.numAuthorities, response->h.numAuthorities == 1 ? "y,  " : "ies,",
				response->h.numAdditionals, response->h.numAdditionals == 1 ? "" : "s");
			// not goto exit because we won't have any CacheFlushRecords and we do not want to
			// generate negative cache entries (we want to query the next server)
			return;
			}
		}

	for (i = 0; i < totalrecords && ptr && ptr < end; i++)
		{
		// All responses sent via LL multicast are acceptable for caching
		// All responses received over our outbound TCP connections are acceptable for caching
		mDNSBool AcceptableResponse = ResponseMCast || !dstaddr || LLQType;
		// (Note that just because we are willing to cache something, that doesn't necessarily make it a trustworthy answer
		// to any specific question -- any code reading records from the cache needs to make that determination for itself.)

		const mDNSu8 RecordType =
			(i < firstauthority ) ? (mDNSu8)kDNSRecordTypePacketAns  :
			(i < firstadditional) ? (mDNSu8)kDNSRecordTypePacketAuth : (mDNSu8)kDNSRecordTypePacketAdd;
		ptr = GetLargeResourceRecord(m, response, ptr, end, InterfaceID, RecordType, &m->rec);
		if (!ptr) goto exit;		// Break out of the loop and clean up our CacheFlushRecords list before exiting
		if (m->rec.r.resrec.RecordType == kDNSRecordTypePacketNegative) { m->rec.r.resrec.RecordType = 0; continue; }

		// Don't want to cache OPT or TSIG pseudo-RRs
		if (m->rec.r.resrec.rrtype == kDNSType_TSIG) { m->rec.r.resrec.RecordType = 0; continue; }
		if (m->rec.r.resrec.rrtype == kDNSType_OPT)
			{
			const rdataOPT *opt;
			const rdataOPT *const e = (const rdataOPT *)&m->rec.r.resrec.rdata->u.data[m->rec.r.resrec.rdlength];
			// Find owner sub-option(s). We verify that the MAC is non-zero, otherwise we could inadvertently
			// delete all our own AuthRecords (which are identified by having zero MAC tags on them).
			for (opt = &m->rec.r.resrec.rdata->u.opt[0]; opt < e; opt++)
				if (opt->opt == kDNSOpt_Owner && opt->u.owner.vers == 0 && opt->u.owner.HMAC.l[0])
					{
					ClearProxyRecords(m, &opt->u.owner, m->DuplicateRecords);
					ClearProxyRecords(m, &opt->u.owner, m->ResourceRecords);
					}
			m->rec.r.resrec.RecordType = 0;
			continue;
			}

		// if a CNAME record points to itself, then don't add it to the cache
		if ((m->rec.r.resrec.rrtype == kDNSType_CNAME) && SameDomainName(m->rec.r.resrec.name, &m->rec.r.resrec.rdata->u.name))
			{
			LogInfo("mDNSCoreReceiveResponse: CNAME loop domain name %##s", m->rec.r.resrec.name->c);
			m->rec.r.resrec.RecordType = 0;
			continue;
			}

		// When we receive uDNS LLQ responses, we assume a long cache lifetime --
		// In the case of active LLQs, we'll get remove events when the records actually do go away
		// In the case of polling LLQs, we assume the record remains valid until the next poll
		if (!mDNSOpaque16IsZero(response->h.id))
			m->rec.r.resrec.rroriginalttl = GetEffectiveTTL(LLQType, m->rec.r.resrec.rroriginalttl);

		// If response was not sent via LL multicast,
		// then see if it answers a recent query of ours, which would also make it acceptable for caching.
		if (!ResponseMCast)
			{
			if (LLQType)
				{
				// For Long Lived queries that are both sent over UDP and Private TCP, LLQType is set.
				// Even though it is AcceptableResponse, we need a matching DNSServer pointer for the
				// queries to get ADD/RMV events. To lookup the question, we can't use
				// ExpectingUnicastResponseForRecord as the port numbers don't match. uDNS_recvLLQRespose
				// has already matched the question using the 64 bit Id in the packet and we use that here.

				if (llqMatch != mDNSNULL) m->rec.r.resrec.rDNSServer = uDNSServer = llqMatch->qDNSServer;
				}
			else if (!AcceptableResponse || !dstaddr)
				{
				// For responses that come over TCP (Responses that can't fit within UDP) or TLS (Private queries
				// that are not long lived e.g., AAAA lookup in a Private domain), it is indicated by !dstaddr.
				// Even though it is AcceptableResponse, we still need a DNSServer pointer for the resource records that
				// we create.

				DNSQuestion *q = ExpectingUnicastResponseForRecord(m, srcaddr, ResponseSrcLocal, dstport, response->h.id, &m->rec.r, !dstaddr);

				// Intialize the DNS server on the resource record which will now filter what questions we answer with
				// this record.
				//
				// We could potentially lookup the DNS server based on the source address, but that may not work always
				// and that's why ExpectingUnicastResponseForRecord does not try to verify whether the response came
				// from the DNS server that queried. We follow the same logic here. If we can find a matching quetion based
				// on the "id" and "source port", then this response answers the question and assume the response
				// came from the same DNS server that we sent the query to.

				if (q != mDNSNULL)
					{
					AcceptableResponse = mDNStrue;
					if (!InterfaceID)
						{
						debugf("mDNSCoreReceiveResponse: InterfaceID %p %##s (%s)", q->InterfaceID, q->qname.c, DNSTypeName(q->qtype));
						m->rec.r.resrec.rDNSServer = uDNSServer = q->qDNSServer;
						}
					}
				else
					{
					// If we can't find a matching question, we need to see whether we have seen records earlier that matched
					// the question. The code below does that. So, make this record unacceptable for now
					if (!InterfaceID)
						{
						debugf("mDNSCoreReceiveResponse: Can't find question for record name %##s", m->rec.r.resrec.name->c);
						AcceptableResponse = mDNSfalse;
						}
					}
				}
			}

		// 1. Check that this packet resource record does not conflict with any of ours
		if (mDNSOpaque16IsZero(response->h.id) && m->rec.r.resrec.rrtype != kDNSType_NSEC)
			{
			if (m->CurrentRecord)
				LogMsg("mDNSCoreReceiveResponse ERROR m->CurrentRecord already set %s", ARDisplayString(m, m->CurrentRecord));
			m->CurrentRecord = m->ResourceRecords;
			while (m->CurrentRecord)
				{
				AuthRecord *rr = m->CurrentRecord;
				m->CurrentRecord = rr->next;
				// We accept all multicast responses, and unicast responses resulting from queries we issued
				// For other unicast responses, this code accepts them only for responses with an
				// (apparently) local source address that pertain to a record of our own that's in probing state
				if (!AcceptableResponse && !(ResponseSrcLocal && rr->resrec.RecordType == kDNSRecordTypeUnique)) continue;

				if (PacketRRMatchesSignature(&m->rec.r, rr))		// If interface, name, type (if shared record) and class match...
					{
					// ... check to see if type and rdata are identical
					if (IdenticalSameNameRecord(&m->rec.r.resrec, &rr->resrec))
						{
						// If the RR in the packet is identical to ours, just check they're not trying to lower the TTL on us
						if (m->rec.r.resrec.rroriginalttl >= rr->resrec.rroriginalttl/2 || m->SleepState)
							{
							// If we were planning to send on this -- and only this -- interface, then we don't need to any more
							if      (rr->ImmedAnswer == InterfaceID) { rr->ImmedAnswer = mDNSNULL; rr->ImmedUnicast = mDNSfalse; }
							}
						else
							{
							if      (rr->ImmedAnswer == mDNSNULL)    { rr->ImmedAnswer = InterfaceID;       m->NextScheduledResponse = m->timenow; }
							else if (rr->ImmedAnswer != InterfaceID) { rr->ImmedAnswer = mDNSInterfaceMark; m->NextScheduledResponse = m->timenow; }
							}
						}
					// else, the packet RR has different type or different rdata -- check to see if this is a conflict
					else if (m->rec.r.resrec.rroriginalttl > 0 && PacketRRConflict(m, rr, &m->rec.r))
						{
						LogInfo("mDNSCoreReceiveResponse: Pkt Record: %08lX %s", m->rec.r.resrec.rdatahash, CRDisplayString(m, &m->rec.r));
						LogInfo("mDNSCoreReceiveResponse: Our Record: %08lX %s", rr->     resrec.rdatahash, ARDisplayString(m, rr));
	
						// If this record is marked DependentOn another record for conflict detection purposes,
						// then *that* record has to be bumped back to probing state to resolve the conflict
						if (rr->DependentOn)
							{
							while (rr->DependentOn) rr = rr->DependentOn;
							LogInfo("mDNSCoreReceiveResponse: Dep Record: %08lX %s", rr->     resrec.rdatahash, ARDisplayString(m, rr));
							}
	
						// If we've just whacked this record's ProbeCount, don't need to do it again
						if (rr->ProbeCount > DefaultProbeCountForTypeUnique)
							LogInfo("mDNSCoreReceiveResponse: Already reset to Probing: %s", ARDisplayString(m, rr));
						else if (rr->ProbeCount == DefaultProbeCountForTypeUnique)
							LogMsg("mDNSCoreReceiveResponse: Ignoring response received before we even began probing: %s", ARDisplayString(m, rr));
						else
							{
							LogMsg("mDNSCoreReceiveResponse: Received from %#a:%d %s", srcaddr, mDNSVal16(srcport), CRDisplayString(m, &m->rec.r));
							// If we'd previously verified this record, put it back to probing state and try again
							if (rr->resrec.RecordType == kDNSRecordTypeVerified)
								{
								LogMsg("mDNSCoreReceiveResponse: Reseting to Probing: %s", ARDisplayString(m, rr));
								rr->resrec.RecordType     = kDNSRecordTypeUnique;
								// We set ProbeCount to one more than the usual value so we know we've already touched this record.
								// This is because our single probe for "example-name.local" could yield a response with (say) two A records and
								// three AAAA records in it, and we don't want to call RecordProbeFailure() five times and count that as five conflicts.
								// This special value is recognised and reset to DefaultProbeCountForTypeUnique in SendQueries().
								rr->ProbeCount     = DefaultProbeCountForTypeUnique + 1;
								rr->AnnounceCount  = InitialAnnounceCount;
								InitializeLastAPTime(m, rr);
								RecordProbeFailure(m, rr);	// Repeated late conflicts also cause us to back off to the slower probing rate
								}
							// If we're probing for this record, we just failed
							else if (rr->resrec.RecordType == kDNSRecordTypeUnique)
								{
								LogMsg("mDNSCoreReceiveResponse: ProbeCount %d; will rename %s", rr->ProbeCount, ARDisplayString(m, rr));
								mDNS_Deregister_internal(m, rr, mDNS_Dereg_conflict);
								}
							// We assumed this record must be unique, but we were wrong. (e.g. There are two mDNSResponders on the same machine giving
							// different answers for the reverse mapping record.) This is simply a misconfiguration, and we don't try to recover from it.
							else if (rr->resrec.RecordType == kDNSRecordTypeKnownUnique)
								{
								LogMsg("mDNSCoreReceiveResponse: Unexpected conflict discarding %s", ARDisplayString(m, rr));
								mDNS_Deregister_internal(m, rr, mDNS_Dereg_conflict);
								}
							else
								LogMsg("mDNSCoreReceiveResponse: Unexpected record type %X %s", rr->resrec.RecordType, ARDisplayString(m, rr));
							}
						}
					// Else, matching signature, different type or rdata, but not a considered a conflict.
					// If the packet record has the cache-flush bit set, then we check to see if we
					// have any record(s) of the same type that we should re-assert to rescue them
					// (see note about "multi-homing and bridged networks" at the end of this function).
					else if (m->rec.r.resrec.rrtype == rr->resrec.rrtype)
						if ((m->rec.r.resrec.RecordType & kDNSRecordTypePacketUniqueMask) && m->timenow - rr->LastMCTime > mDNSPlatformOneSecond/2)
							{ rr->ImmedAnswer = mDNSInterfaceMark; m->NextScheduledResponse = m->timenow; }
					}
				}
			}

		if (!AcceptableResponse)
			{
			const CacheRecord *cr;
			for (cr = CacheFlushRecords; cr != (CacheRecord*)1; cr = cr->NextInCFList)
				{
				domainname *target = GetRRDomainNameTarget(&cr->resrec);
				// When we issue a query for A record, the response might contain both a CNAME and A records. Only the CNAME would
				// match the question and we already created a cache entry in the previous pass of this loop. Now when we process
				// the A record, it does not match the question because the record name here is the CNAME. Hence we try to
				// match with the previous records to make it an AcceptableResponse. We have to be careful about setting the
				// DNSServer value that we got in the previous pass. This can happen for other record types like SRV also.

				if (target && cr->resrec.rdatahash == m->rec.r.resrec.namehash && SameDomainName(target, m->rec.r.resrec.name))
					{
					debugf("mDNSCoreReceiveResponse: Found a matching entry for %##s in the CacheFlushRecords", m->rec.r.resrec.name->c);
					AcceptableResponse = mDNStrue;
					m->rec.r.resrec.rDNSServer = uDNSServer;
					break;
					}
				}
			}

		// 2. See if we want to add this packet resource record to our cache
		// We only try to cache answers if we have a cache to put them in
		// Also, we ignore any apparent attempts at cache poisoning unicast to us that do not answer any outstanding active query
		if (!AcceptableResponse) LogInfo("mDNSCoreReceiveResponse ignoring %s", CRDisplayString(m, &m->rec.r));
		if (m->rrcache_size && AcceptableResponse)
			{
			const mDNSu32 slot = HashSlot(m->rec.r.resrec.name);
			CacheGroup *cg = CacheGroupForRecord(m, slot, &m->rec.r.resrec);
			CacheRecord *rr;

			// 2a. Check if this packet resource record is already in our cache
			for (rr = cg ? cg->members : mDNSNULL; rr; rr=rr->next)
				{
				mDNSBool match = !InterfaceID ? m->rec.r.resrec.rDNSServer == rr->resrec.rDNSServer : rr->resrec.InterfaceID == InterfaceID;
				// If we found this exact resource record, refresh its TTL
				if (match && IdenticalSameNameRecord(&m->rec.r.resrec, &rr->resrec))
					{
					if (m->rec.r.resrec.rdlength > InlineCacheRDSize)
						verbosedebugf("Found record size %5d interface %p already in cache: %s",
							m->rec.r.resrec.rdlength, InterfaceID, CRDisplayString(m, &m->rec.r));
					
					if (m->rec.r.resrec.RecordType & kDNSRecordTypePacketUniqueMask)
						{
						// If this packet record has the kDNSClass_UniqueRRSet flag set, then add it to our cache flushing list
						if (rr->NextInCFList == mDNSNULL && cfp != &rr->NextInCFList && LLQType != uDNS_LLQ_Events)
							{ *cfp = rr; cfp = &rr->NextInCFList; *cfp = (CacheRecord*)1; }

						// If this packet record is marked unique, and our previous cached copy was not, then fix it
						if (!(rr->resrec.RecordType & kDNSRecordTypePacketUniqueMask))
							{
							DNSQuestion *q;
							for (q = m->Questions; q; q=q->next) if (ResourceRecordAnswersQuestion(&rr->resrec, q)) q->UniqueAnswers++;
							rr->resrec.RecordType = m->rec.r.resrec.RecordType;
							}
						}

					if (!SameRDataBody(&m->rec.r.resrec, &rr->resrec.rdata->u, SameDomainNameCS))
						{
						// If the rdata of the packet record differs in name capitalization from the record in our cache
						// then mDNSPlatformMemSame will detect this. In this case, throw the old record away, so that clients get
						// a 'remove' event for the record with the old capitalization, and then an 'add' event for the new one.
						// <rdar://problem/4015377> mDNS -F returns the same domain multiple times with different casing
						rr->resrec.rroriginalttl = 0;
						rr->TimeRcvd = m->timenow;
						rr->UnansweredQueries = MaxUnansweredQueries;
						SetNextCacheCheckTimeForRecord(m, rr);
						LogInfo("Discarding due to domainname case change old: %s", CRDisplayString(m,rr));
						LogInfo("Discarding due to domainname case change new: %s", CRDisplayString(m,&m->rec.r));
						LogInfo("Discarding due to domainname case change in %d slot %3d in %d %d",
							NextCacheCheckEvent(rr) - m->timenow, slot, m->rrcache_nextcheck[slot] - m->timenow, m->NextCacheCheck - m->timenow);
						// DO NOT break out here -- we want to continue as if we never found it
						}
					else if (m->rec.r.resrec.rroriginalttl > 0)
						{
						DNSQuestion *q;
						//if (rr->resrec.rroriginalttl == 0) LogMsg("uDNS rescuing %s", CRDisplayString(m, rr));
						RefreshCacheRecord(m, rr, m->rec.r.resrec.rroriginalttl);

						// We have to reset the question interval to MaxQuestionInterval so that we don't keep
						// polling the network once we get a valid response back. For the first time when a new
						// cache entry is created, AnswerCurrentQuestionWithResourceRecord does that.
						// Subsequently, if we reissue questions from within the mDNSResponder e.g., DNS server
						// configuration changed, without flushing the cache, we reset the question interval here.
						// Currently, we do this for for both multicast and unicast questions as long as the record
						// type is unique. For unicast, resource record is always unique and for multicast it is
						// true for records like A etc. but not for PTR.
						if (rr->resrec.RecordType & kDNSRecordTypePacketUniqueMask)
							{
							for (q = m->Questions; q; q=q->next)
								{
								if (!q->DuplicateOf && !q->LongLived &&
									ActiveQuestion(q) && ResourceRecordAnswersQuestion(&rr->resrec, q))
									{
									q->LastQTime        = m->timenow;
									q->LastQTxTime      = m->timenow;
									q->RecentAnswerPkts = 0;
									q->ThisQInterval    = MaxQuestionInterval;
									q->RequestUnicast   = mDNSfalse;
									q->unansweredQueries = 0;
									debugf("mDNSCoreReceiveResponse: Set MaxQuestionInterval for %p %##s (%s)", q, q->qname.c, DNSTypeName(q->qtype));
									break;		// Why break here? Aren't there other questions we might want to look at?-- SC July 2010
									}
								}
							}
						break;
						}
					else
						{
						// If the packet TTL is zero, that means we're deleting this record.
						// To give other hosts on the network a chance to protest, we push the deletion
						// out one second into the future. Also, we set UnansweredQueries to MaxUnansweredQueries.
						// Otherwise, we'll do final queries for this record at 80% and 90% of its apparent
						// lifetime (800ms and 900ms from now) which is a pointless waste of network bandwidth.
						// If record's current expiry time is more than a second from now, we set it to expire in one second.
						// If the record is already going to expire in less than one second anyway, we leave it alone --
						// we don't want to let the goodbye packet *extend* the record's lifetime in our cache.
						debugf("DE for %s", CRDisplayString(m, rr));
						if (RRExpireTime(rr) - m->timenow > mDNSPlatformOneSecond)
							{
							rr->resrec.rroriginalttl = 1;
							rr->TimeRcvd = m->timenow;
							rr->UnansweredQueries = MaxUnansweredQueries;
							SetNextCacheCheckTimeForRecord(m, rr);
							}
						break;
						}
					}
				}

			// If packet resource record not in our cache, add it now
			// (unless it is just a deletion of a record we never had, in which case we don't care)
			if (!rr && m->rec.r.resrec.rroriginalttl > 0)
				{
				const mDNSBool AddToCFList = (m->rec.r.resrec.RecordType & kDNSRecordTypePacketUniqueMask) && (LLQType != uDNS_LLQ_Events);
				const mDNSs32 delay = AddToCFList ? NonZeroTime(m->timenow + mDNSPlatformOneSecond) :
					CheckForSoonToExpireRecords(m, m->rec.r.resrec.name, m->rec.r.resrec.namehash, slot);
				// If unique, assume we may have to delay delivery of this 'add' event.
				// Below, where we walk the CacheFlushRecords list, we either call CacheRecordDeferredAdd()
				// to immediately to generate answer callbacks, or we call ScheduleNextCacheCheckTime()
				// to schedule an mDNS_Execute task at the appropriate time.
				rr = CreateNewCacheEntry(m, slot, cg, delay);
				if (rr)
					{
					if (AddToCFList) { *cfp = rr; cfp = &rr->NextInCFList; *cfp = (CacheRecord*)1; }
					else if (rr->DelayDelivery) ScheduleNextCacheCheckTime(m, slot, rr->DelayDelivery);
					}
				}
			}
		m->rec.r.resrec.RecordType = 0;		// Clear RecordType to show we're not still using it
		}

exit:
	m->rec.r.resrec.RecordType = 0;		// Clear RecordType to show we're not still using it

	// If we've just received one or more records with their cache flush bits set,
	// then scan that cache slot to see if there are any old stale records we need to flush
	while (CacheFlushRecords != (CacheRecord*)1)
		{
		CacheRecord *r1 = CacheFlushRecords, *r2;
		const mDNSu32 slot = HashSlot(r1->resrec.name);
		const CacheGroup *cg = CacheGroupForRecord(m, slot, &r1->resrec);
		CacheFlushRecords = CacheFlushRecords->NextInCFList;
		r1->NextInCFList = mDNSNULL;
		
		// Look for records in the cache with the same signature as this new one with the cache flush
		// bit set, and either (a) if they're fresh, just make sure the whole RRSet has the same TTL
		// (as required by DNS semantics) or (b) if they're old, mark them for deletion in one second.
		// We make these TTL adjustments *only* for records that still have *more* than one second
		// remaining to live. Otherwise, a record that we tagged for deletion half a second ago
		// (and now has half a second remaining) could inadvertently get its life extended, by either
		// (a) if we got an explicit goodbye packet half a second ago, the record would be considered
		// "fresh" and would be incorrectly resurrected back to the same TTL as the rest of the RRSet,
		// or (b) otherwise, the record would not be fully resurrected, but would be reset to expire
		// in one second, thereby inadvertently delaying its actual expiration, instead of hastening it.
		// If this were to happen repeatedly, the record's expiration could be deferred indefinitely.
		// To avoid this, we need to ensure that the cache flushing operation will only act to
		// *decrease* a record's remaining lifetime, never *increase* it.
		for (r2 = cg ? cg->members : mDNSNULL; r2; r2=r2->next)
			// For Unicast (null InterfaceID) the DNSservers should also match
			if ((r1->resrec.InterfaceID == r2->resrec.InterfaceID) &&
				(r1->resrec.InterfaceID || (r1->resrec.rDNSServer == r2->resrec.rDNSServer)) &&
				r1->resrec.rrtype      == r2->resrec.rrtype &&
				r1->resrec.rrclass     == r2->resrec.rrclass)
				{
				// If record is recent, just ensure the whole RRSet has the same TTL (as required by DNS semantics)
				// else, if record is old, mark it to be flushed
				if (m->timenow - r2->TimeRcvd < mDNSPlatformOneSecond && RRExpireTime(r2) - m->timenow > mDNSPlatformOneSecond)
					{
					// If we find mismatched TTLs in an RRSet, correct them.
					// We only do this for records with a TTL of 2 or higher. It's possible to have a
					// goodbye announcement with the cache flush bit set (or a case-change on record rdata,
					// which we treat as a goodbye followed by an addition) and in that case it would be
					// inappropriate to synchronize all the other records to a TTL of 0 (or 1).
					// We suppress the message for the specific case of correcting from 240 to 60 for type TXT,
					// because certain early Bonjour devices are known to have this specific mismatch, and
					// there's no point filling syslog with messages about something we already know about.
					// We also don't log this for uDNS responses, since a caching name server is obliged
					// to give us an aged TTL to correct for how long it has held the record,
					// so our received TTLs are expected to vary in that case
					if (r2->resrec.rroriginalttl != r1->resrec.rroriginalttl && r1->resrec.rroriginalttl > 1)
						{
						if (!(r2->resrec.rroriginalttl == 240 && r1->resrec.rroriginalttl == 60 && r2->resrec.rrtype == kDNSType_TXT) &&
							mDNSOpaque16IsZero(response->h.id))
							LogInfo("Correcting TTL from %4d to %4d for %s",
								r2->resrec.rroriginalttl, r1->resrec.rroriginalttl, CRDisplayString(m, r2));
						r2->resrec.rroriginalttl = r1->resrec.rroriginalttl;
						}
					r2->TimeRcvd = m->timenow;
					}
				else				// else, if record is old, mark it to be flushed
					{
					verbosedebugf("Cache flush new %p age %d expire in %d %s", r1, m->timenow - r1->TimeRcvd, RRExpireTime(r1) - m->timenow, CRDisplayString(m, r1));
					verbosedebugf("Cache flush old %p age %d expire in %d %s", r2, m->timenow - r2->TimeRcvd, RRExpireTime(r2) - m->timenow, CRDisplayString(m, r2));
					// We set stale records to expire in one second.
					// This gives the owner a chance to rescue it if necessary.
					// This is important in the case of multi-homing and bridged networks:
					//   Suppose host X is on Ethernet. X then connects to an AirPort base station, which happens to be
					//   bridged onto the same Ethernet. When X announces its AirPort IP address with the cache-flush bit
					//   set, the AirPort packet will be bridged onto the Ethernet, and all other hosts on the Ethernet
					//   will promptly delete their cached copies of the (still valid) Ethernet IP address record.
					//   By delaying the deletion by one second, we give X a change to notice that this bridging has
					//   happened, and re-announce its Ethernet IP address to rescue it from deletion from all our caches.

					// We set UnansweredQueries to MaxUnansweredQueries to avoid expensive and unnecessary
					// final expiration queries for this record.

					// If a record is deleted twice, first with an explicit DE record, then a second time by virtue of the cache
					// flush bit on the new record replacing it, then we allow the record to be deleted immediately, without the usual
					// one-second grace period. This improves responsiveness for mDNS_Update(), as used for things like iChat status updates.
					// <rdar://problem/5636422> Updating TXT records is too slow
					// We check for "rroriginalttl == 1" because we want to include records tagged by the "packet TTL is zero" check above,
					// which sets rroriginalttl to 1, but not records tagged by the rdata case-change check, which sets rroriginalttl to 0.
					if (r2->TimeRcvd == m->timenow && r2->resrec.rroriginalttl == 1 && r2->UnansweredQueries == MaxUnansweredQueries)
						{
						LogInfo("Cache flush for DE record %s", CRDisplayString(m, r2));
						r2->resrec.rroriginalttl = 0;
						}
					else if (RRExpireTime(r2) - m->timenow > mDNSPlatformOneSecond)
						{
						// We only set a record to expire in one second if it currently has *more* than a second to live
						// If it's already due to expire in a second or less, we just leave it alone
						r2->resrec.rroriginalttl = 1;
						r2->UnansweredQueries = MaxUnansweredQueries;
						r2->TimeRcvd = m->timenow - 1;
						// We use (m->timenow - 1) instead of m->timenow, because we use that to identify records
						// that we marked for deletion via an explicit DE record
						}
					}
				SetNextCacheCheckTimeForRecord(m, r2);
				}

		if (r1->DelayDelivery)	// If we were planning to delay delivery of this record, see if we still need to
			{
			r1->DelayDelivery = CheckForSoonToExpireRecords(m, r1->resrec.name, r1->resrec.namehash, slot);
			// If no longer delaying, deliver answer now, else schedule delivery for the appropriate time
			if (!r1->DelayDelivery) CacheRecordDeferredAdd(m, r1);
			else ScheduleNextCacheCheckTime(m, slot, r1->DelayDelivery);
			}
		}

	// See if we need to generate negative cache entries for unanswered unicast questions
	ptr = response->data;
	for (i = 0; i < response->h.numQuestions && ptr && ptr < end; i++)
		{
		DNSQuestion q;
		DNSQuestion *qptr = mDNSNULL;
		ptr = getQuestion(response, ptr, end, InterfaceID, &q);
		if (ptr && (qptr = ExpectingUnicastResponseForQuestion(m, dstport, response->h.id, &q, !dstaddr)))
			{
			// When we're doing parallel unicast and multicast queries for dot-local names (for supporting Microsoft
			// Active Directory sites) we don't want to waste memory making negative cache entries for all the unicast answers.
			// Otherwise we just fill up our cache with negative entries for just about every single multicast name we ever look up
			// (since the Microsoft Active Directory server is going to assert that pretty much every single multicast name doesn't exist).
			// This is not only a waste of memory, but there's also the problem of those negative entries confusing us later -- e.g. we
			// suppress sending our mDNS query packet because we think we already have a valid (negative) answer to that query in our cache.
			// The one exception is that we *DO* want to make a negative cache entry for "local. SOA", for the (common) case where we're
			// *not* on a Microsoft Active Directory network, and there is no authoritative server for "local". Note that this is not
			// in conflict with the mDNS spec, because that spec says, "Multicast DNS Zones have no SOA record," so it's okay to cache
			// negative answers for "local. SOA" from a uDNS server, because the mDNS spec already says that such records do not exist :-)
			if (!InterfaceID && q.qtype != kDNSType_SOA && IsLocalDomain(&q.qname))
				LogInfo("Skipping check to see if we need to generate a negative cache entry for %##s (%s)", q.qname.c, DNSTypeName(q.qtype));
			else
				{
				CacheRecord *rr, *neg = mDNSNULL;
				mDNSu32 slot = HashSlot(&q.qname);
				CacheGroup *cg = CacheGroupForName(m, slot, q.qnamehash, &q.qname);
				for (rr = cg ? cg->members : mDNSNULL; rr; rr=rr->next)
					if (SameNameRecordAnswersQuestion(&rr->resrec, qptr))
						{
						// 1. If we got a fresh answer to this query, then don't need to generate a negative entry
						if (RRExpireTime(rr) - m->timenow > 0) break;
						// 2. If we already had a negative entry, keep track of it so we can resurrect it instead of creating a new one
						if (rr->resrec.RecordType == kDNSRecordTypePacketNegative) neg = rr;
						}
	
				if (!rr)
					{
					// We start off assuming a negative caching TTL of 60 seconds
					// but then look to see if we can find an SOA authority record to tell us a better value we should be using
					mDNSu32 negttl = 60;
					int repeat = 0;
					const domainname *name = &q.qname;
					mDNSu32           hash = q.qnamehash;
	
					// Special case for our special Microsoft Active Directory "local SOA" check.
					// Some cheap home gateways don't include an SOA record in the authority section when
					// they send negative responses, so we don't know how long to cache the negative result.
					// Because we don't want to keep hitting the root name servers with our query to find
					// if we're on a network using Microsoft Active Directory using "local" as a private
					// internal top-level domain, we make sure to cache the negative result for at least one day.
					if (q.qtype == kDNSType_SOA && SameDomainName(&q.qname, &localdomain)) negttl = 60 * 60 * 24;
	
					// If we're going to make (or update) a negative entry, then look for the appropriate TTL from the SOA record
					if (response->h.numAuthorities && (ptr = LocateAuthorities(response, end)) != mDNSNULL)
						{
						ptr = GetLargeResourceRecord(m, response, ptr, end, InterfaceID, kDNSRecordTypePacketAuth, &m->rec);
						if (ptr && m->rec.r.resrec.RecordType != kDNSRecordTypePacketNegative && m->rec.r.resrec.rrtype == kDNSType_SOA)
							{
							const rdataSOA *const soa = (const rdataSOA *)m->rec.r.resrec.rdata->u.data;
							mDNSu32 ttl_s = soa->min;
							// We use the lesser of the SOA.MIN field and the SOA record's TTL, *except*
							// for the SOA record for ".", where the record is reported as non-cacheable
							// (TTL zero) for some reason, so in this case we just take the SOA record's TTL as-is
							if (ttl_s > m->rec.r.resrec.rroriginalttl && m->rec.r.resrec.name->c[0])
								ttl_s = m->rec.r.resrec.rroriginalttl;
							if (negttl < ttl_s) negttl = ttl_s;
		
							// Special check for SOA queries: If we queried for a.b.c.d.com, and got no answer,
							// with an Authority Section SOA record for d.com, then this is a hint that the authority
							// is d.com, and consequently SOA records b.c.d.com and c.d.com don't exist either.
							// To do this we set the repeat count so the while loop below will make a series of negative cache entries for us
							if (q.qtype == kDNSType_SOA)
								{
								int qcount = CountLabels(&q.qname);
								int scount = CountLabels(m->rec.r.resrec.name);
								if (qcount - 1 > scount)
									if (SameDomainName(SkipLeadingLabels(&q.qname, qcount - scount), m->rec.r.resrec.name))
										repeat = qcount - 1 - scount;
								}
							}
						m->rec.r.resrec.RecordType = 0;		// Clear RecordType to show we're not still using it
						}
	
					// If we already had a negative entry in the cache, then we double our existing negative TTL. This is to avoid
					// the case where the record doesn't exist (e.g. particularly for things like our lb._dns-sd._udp.<domain> query),
					// and the server returns no SOA record (or an SOA record with a small MIN TTL) so we assume a TTL
					// of 60 seconds, and we end up polling the server every minute for a record that doesn't exist.
					// With this fix in place, when this happens, we double the effective TTL each time (up to one hour),
					// so that we back off our polling rate and don't keep hitting the server continually.
					if (neg)
						{
						if (negttl < neg->resrec.rroriginalttl * 2)
							negttl = neg->resrec.rroriginalttl * 2;
						if (negttl > 3600)
							negttl = 3600;
						}
	
					negttl = GetEffectiveTTL(LLQType, negttl);	// Add 25% grace period if necessary
	
					// If we already had a negative cache entry just update it, else make one or more new negative cache entries
					if (neg)
						{
						debugf("Renewing negative TTL from %d to %d %s", neg->resrec.rroriginalttl, negttl, CRDisplayString(m, neg));
						RefreshCacheRecord(m, neg, negttl);
						}
					else while (1)
						{
						debugf("mDNSCoreReceiveResponse making negative cache entry TTL %d for %##s (%s)", negttl, name->c, DNSTypeName(q.qtype));
						MakeNegativeCacheRecord(m, &m->rec.r, name, hash, q.qtype, q.qclass, negttl, mDNSInterface_Any, qptr->qDNSServer);
						CreateNewCacheEntry(m, slot, cg, 0);	// We never need any delivery delay for these generated negative cache records
						m->rec.r.resrec.RecordType = 0;		// Clear RecordType to show we're not still using it
						if (!repeat) break;
						repeat--;
						name = (const domainname *)(name->c + 1 + name->c[0]);
						hash = DomainNameHashValue(name);
						slot = HashSlot(name);
						cg   = CacheGroupForName(m, slot, hash, name);
						}
					}
				}
			}
		}
	}

mDNSlocal void ScheduleWakeupForList(mDNS *const m, mDNSInterfaceID InterfaceID, mDNSEthAddr *e, AuthRecord *const thelist)
	{
	AuthRecord *rr;
	for (rr = thelist; rr; rr=rr->next)
		if (rr->resrec.InterfaceID == InterfaceID && rr->resrec.RecordType != kDNSRecordTypeDeregistering && mDNSSameEthAddress(&rr->WakeUp.HMAC, e))
			mDNS_Deregister_internal(m, rr, mDNS_Dereg_normal);
	}

mDNSlocal void ScheduleWakeup(mDNS *const m, mDNSInterfaceID InterfaceID, mDNSEthAddr *e)
	{
	ScheduleWakeupForList(m, InterfaceID, e, m->DuplicateRecords);
	ScheduleWakeupForList(m, InterfaceID, e, m->ResourceRecords);
	}

mDNSlocal void SPSRecordCallback(mDNS *const m, AuthRecord *const ar, mStatus result)
	{
	if (result && result != mStatus_MemFree)
		LogInfo("SPS Callback %d %s", result, ARDisplayString(m, ar));

	if (result == mStatus_NameConflict)
		{
		LogMsg("Received Conflicting mDNS -- waking %s %.6a %s", InterfaceNameForID(m, ar->resrec.InterfaceID), &ar->WakeUp.HMAC, ARDisplayString(m, ar));
		SendWakeup(m, ar->resrec.InterfaceID, &ar->WakeUp.IMAC, &ar->WakeUp.password);
		ScheduleWakeup(m, ar->resrec.InterfaceID, &ar->WakeUp.HMAC);
		}
	else if (result == mStatus_MemFree)
		{
		m->ProxyRecords--;
		mDNSPlatformMemFree(ar);
		mDNS_UpdateAllowSleep(m);
		}
	}

mDNSlocal void mDNSCoreReceiveUpdate(mDNS *const m,
	const DNSMessage *const msg, const mDNSu8 *end,
	const mDNSAddr *srcaddr, const mDNSIPPort srcport, const mDNSAddr *dstaddr, mDNSIPPort dstport,
	const mDNSInterfaceID InterfaceID)
	{
	int i;
	AuthRecord opt;
	mDNSu8 *p = m->omsg.data;
	OwnerOptData owner = zeroOwner;		// Need to zero this, so we'll know if this Update packet was missing its Owner option
	mDNSu32 updatelease = 0;
	const mDNSu8 *ptr;

	LogSPS("Received Update from %#-15a:%-5d to %#-15a:%-5d on 0x%p with "
		"%2d Question%s %2d Answer%s %2d Authorit%s %2d Additional%s %d bytes",
		srcaddr, mDNSVal16(srcport), dstaddr, mDNSVal16(dstport), InterfaceID,
		msg->h.numQuestions,   msg->h.numQuestions   == 1 ? ", "   : "s,",
		msg->h.numAnswers,     msg->h.numAnswers     == 1 ? ", "   : "s,",
		msg->h.numAuthorities, msg->h.numAuthorities == 1 ? "y,  " : "ies,",
		msg->h.numAdditionals, msg->h.numAdditionals == 1 ? " "    : "s", end - msg->data);

	if (!InterfaceID || !m->SPSSocket || !mDNSSameIPPort(dstport, m->SPSSocket->port)) return;

	if (mDNS_PacketLoggingEnabled)
		DumpPacket(m, mStatus_NoError, mDNSfalse, "UDP", srcaddr, srcport, dstaddr, dstport, msg, end);

	ptr = LocateOptRR(msg, end, DNSOpt_LeaseData_Space + DNSOpt_OwnerData_ID_Space);
	if (ptr)
		{
		ptr = GetLargeResourceRecord(m, msg, ptr, end, 0, kDNSRecordTypePacketAdd, &m->rec);
		if (ptr && m->rec.r.resrec.RecordType != kDNSRecordTypePacketNegative && m->rec.r.resrec.rrtype == kDNSType_OPT)
			{
			const rdataOPT *o;
			const rdataOPT *const e = (const rdataOPT *)&m->rec.r.resrec.rdata->u.data[m->rec.r.resrec.rdlength];
			for (o = &m->rec.r.resrec.rdata->u.opt[0]; o < e; o++)
				{
				if      (o->opt == kDNSOpt_Lease)                         updatelease = o->u.updatelease;
				else if (o->opt == kDNSOpt_Owner && o->u.owner.vers == 0) owner       = o->u.owner;
				}
			}
		m->rec.r.resrec.RecordType = 0;		// Clear RecordType to show we're not still using it
		}

	InitializeDNSMessage(&m->omsg.h, msg->h.id, UpdateRespFlags);

	if (!updatelease || !owner.HMAC.l[0])
		{
		static int msgs = 0;
		if (msgs < 100)
			{
			msgs++;
			LogMsg("Refusing sleep proxy registration from %#a:%d:%s%s", srcaddr, mDNSVal16(srcport),
				!updatelease ? " No lease" : "", !owner.HMAC.l[0] ? " No owner" : "");
			}
		m->omsg.h.flags.b[1] |= kDNSFlag1_RC_FormErr;
		}
	else if (m->ProxyRecords + msg->h.mDNS_numUpdates > MAX_PROXY_RECORDS)
		{
		static int msgs = 0;
		if (msgs < 100)
			{
			msgs++;
			LogMsg("Refusing sleep proxy registration from %#a:%d: Too many records %d + %d = %d > %d", srcaddr, mDNSVal16(srcport),
				m->ProxyRecords, msg->h.mDNS_numUpdates, m->ProxyRecords + msg->h.mDNS_numUpdates, MAX_PROXY_RECORDS);
			}
		m->omsg.h.flags.b[1] |= kDNSFlag1_RC_Refused;
		}
	else
		{
		LogSPS("Received Update for H-MAC %.6a I-MAC %.6a Password %.6a seq %d", &owner.HMAC, &owner.IMAC, &owner.password, owner.seq);
	
		if (updatelease > 24 * 60 * 60)
			updatelease = 24 * 60 * 60;
	
		if (updatelease > 0x40000000UL / mDNSPlatformOneSecond)
			updatelease = 0x40000000UL / mDNSPlatformOneSecond;
	
		ptr = LocateAuthorities(msg, end);
		for (i = 0; i < msg->h.mDNS_numUpdates && ptr && ptr < end; i++)
			{
			ptr = GetLargeResourceRecord(m, msg, ptr, end, InterfaceID, kDNSRecordTypePacketAuth, &m->rec);
			if (ptr && m->rec.r.resrec.RecordType != kDNSRecordTypePacketNegative)
				{
				mDNSu16 RDLengthMem = GetRDLengthMem(&m->rec.r.resrec);
				AuthRecord *ar = mDNSPlatformMemAllocate(sizeof(AuthRecord) - sizeof(RDataBody) + RDLengthMem);
				if (!ar) { m->omsg.h.flags.b[1] |= kDNSFlag1_RC_Refused; break; }
				else
					{
					mDNSu8 RecordType = m->rec.r.resrec.RecordType & kDNSRecordTypePacketUniqueMask ? kDNSRecordTypeUnique : kDNSRecordTypeShared;
					m->rec.r.resrec.rrclass &= ~kDNSClass_UniqueRRSet;
					ClearIdenticalProxyRecords(m, &owner, m->DuplicateRecords);	// Make sure we don't have any old stale duplicates of this record
					ClearIdenticalProxyRecords(m, &owner, m->ResourceRecords);
					mDNS_SetupResourceRecord(ar, mDNSNULL, InterfaceID, m->rec.r.resrec.rrtype, m->rec.r.resrec.rroriginalttl, RecordType, SPSRecordCallback, ar);
					AssignDomainName(&ar->namestorage, m->rec.r.resrec.name);
					ar->resrec.rdlength = GetRDLength(&m->rec.r.resrec, mDNSfalse);
					ar->resrec.rdata->MaxRDLength = RDLengthMem;
					mDNSPlatformMemCopy(ar->resrec.rdata->u.data, m->rec.r.resrec.rdata->u.data, RDLengthMem);
					ar->ForceMCast = mDNStrue;
					ar->WakeUp     = owner;
					if (m->rec.r.resrec.rrtype == kDNSType_PTR)
						{
						mDNSs32 t = ReverseMapDomainType(m->rec.r.resrec.name);
						if      (t == mDNSAddrType_IPv4) GetIPv4FromName(&ar->AddressProxy, m->rec.r.resrec.name);
						else if (t == mDNSAddrType_IPv6) GetIPv6FromName(&ar->AddressProxy, m->rec.r.resrec.name);
						debugf("mDNSCoreReceiveUpdate: PTR %d %d %#a %s", t, ar->AddressProxy.type, &ar->AddressProxy, ARDisplayString(m, ar));
						if (ar->AddressProxy.type) SetSPSProxyListChanged(InterfaceID);
						}
					ar->TimeRcvd   = m->timenow;
					ar->TimeExpire = m->timenow + updatelease * mDNSPlatformOneSecond;
					if (m->NextScheduledSPS - ar->TimeExpire > 0)
						m->NextScheduledSPS = ar->TimeExpire;
					mDNS_Register_internal(m, ar);
					// Unsolicited Neighbor Advertisements (RFC 2461 Section 7.2.6) give us fast address cache updating,
					// but some older IPv6 clients get confused by them, so for now we don't send them. Without Unsolicited
					// Neighbor Advertisements we have to rely on Neighbor Unreachability Detection instead, which is slower.
					// Given this, we'll do our best to wake for existing IPv6 connections, but we don't want to encourage
					// new ones for sleeping clients, so we'll we send deletions for our SPS clients' AAAA records.
					if (m->KnownBugs & mDNS_KnownBug_LimitedIPv6)
						if (ar->resrec.rrtype == kDNSType_AAAA) ar->resrec.rroriginalttl = 0;
					m->ProxyRecords++;
					mDNS_UpdateAllowSleep(m);
					LogSPS("SPS Registered %4d %X %s", m->ProxyRecords, RecordType, ARDisplayString(m,ar));
					}
				}
			m->rec.r.resrec.RecordType = 0;		// Clear RecordType to show we're not still using it
			}

		if (m->omsg.h.flags.b[1] & kDNSFlag1_RC_Mask)
			{
			LogMsg("Refusing sleep proxy registration from %#a:%d: Out of memory", srcaddr, mDNSVal16(srcport));
			ClearProxyRecords(m, &owner, m->DuplicateRecords);
			ClearProxyRecords(m, &owner, m->ResourceRecords);
			}
		else
			{
			mDNS_SetupResourceRecord(&opt, mDNSNULL, mDNSInterface_Any, kDNSType_OPT, kStandardTTL, kDNSRecordTypeKnownUnique, mDNSNULL, mDNSNULL);
			opt.resrec.rrclass    = NormalMaxDNSMessageData;
			opt.resrec.rdlength   = sizeof(rdataOPT);	// One option in this OPT record
			opt.resrec.rdestimate = sizeof(rdataOPT);
			opt.resrec.rdata->u.opt[0].opt           = kDNSOpt_Lease;
			opt.resrec.rdata->u.opt[0].u.updatelease = updatelease;
			p = PutResourceRecordTTLWithLimit(&m->omsg, p, &m->omsg.h.numAdditionals, &opt.resrec, opt.resrec.rroriginalttl, m->omsg.data + AbsoluteMaxDNSMessageData);
			}
		}

	if (p) mDNSSendDNSMessage(m, &m->omsg, p, InterfaceID, m->SPSSocket, srcaddr, srcport, mDNSNULL, mDNSNULL);
	}

mDNSlocal void mDNSCoreReceiveUpdateR(mDNS *const m, const DNSMessage *const msg, const mDNSu8 *end, const mDNSInterfaceID InterfaceID)
	{
	if (InterfaceID)
		{
		AuthRecord *rr;
		mDNSu32 updatelease = 60 * 60;		// If SPS fails to indicate lease time, assume one hour
		const mDNSu8 *ptr = LocateOptRR(msg, end, DNSOpt_LeaseData_Space);
		if (ptr)
			{
			ptr = GetLargeResourceRecord(m, msg, ptr, end, 0, kDNSRecordTypePacketAdd, &m->rec);
			if (ptr && m->rec.r.resrec.RecordType != kDNSRecordTypePacketNegative && m->rec.r.resrec.rrtype == kDNSType_OPT)
				{
				const rdataOPT *o;
				const rdataOPT *const e = (const rdataOPT *)&m->rec.r.resrec.rdata->u.data[m->rec.r.resrec.rdlength];
				for (o = &m->rec.r.resrec.rdata->u.opt[0]; o < e; o++)
					if (o->opt == kDNSOpt_Lease)
						{
						updatelease = o->u.updatelease;
						LogSPS("Sleep Proxy granted lease time %4d seconds", updatelease);
						}
				}
			m->rec.r.resrec.RecordType = 0;		// Clear RecordType to show we're not still using it
			}

		for (rr = m->ResourceRecords; rr; rr=rr->next)
			if (rr->resrec.InterfaceID == InterfaceID || (!rr->resrec.InterfaceID && (rr->ForceMCast || IsLocalDomain(rr->resrec.name))))
				if (mDNSSameOpaque16(rr->updateid, msg->h.id))
					{
					rr->updateid = zeroID;
					rr->expire   = NonZeroTime(m->timenow + updatelease * mDNSPlatformOneSecond);
					LogSPS("Sleep Proxy registered record %5d %s", updatelease, ARDisplayString(m,rr));
					}

		}
	// If we were waiting to go to sleep, then this SPS registration or wide-area record deletion
	// may have been the thing we were waiting for, so schedule another check to see if we can sleep now.
	if (m->SleepLimit) m->NextScheduledSPRetry = m->timenow;
	}

mDNSexport void MakeNegativeCacheRecord(mDNS *const m, CacheRecord *const cr,
	const domainname *const name, const mDNSu32 namehash, const mDNSu16 rrtype, const mDNSu16 rrclass, mDNSu32 ttl_seconds, mDNSInterfaceID InterfaceID, DNSServer *dnsserver)
	{
	if (cr == &m->rec.r && m->rec.r.resrec.RecordType)
		{
		LogMsg("MakeNegativeCacheRecord: m->rec appears to be already in use for %s", CRDisplayString(m, &m->rec.r));
#if ForceAlerts
		*(long*)0 = 0;
#endif
		}

	// Create empty resource record
	cr->resrec.RecordType    = kDNSRecordTypePacketNegative;
	cr->resrec.InterfaceID   = InterfaceID;
	cr->resrec.rDNSServer	 = dnsserver;
	cr->resrec.name          = name;	// Will be updated to point to cg->name when we call CreateNewCacheEntry
	cr->resrec.rrtype        = rrtype;
	cr->resrec.rrclass       = rrclass;
	cr->resrec.rroriginalttl = ttl_seconds;
	cr->resrec.rdlength      = 0;
	cr->resrec.rdestimate    = 0;
	cr->resrec.namehash      = namehash;
	cr->resrec.rdatahash     = 0;
	cr->resrec.rdata = (RData*)&cr->smallrdatastorage;
	cr->resrec.rdata->MaxRDLength = 0;

	cr->NextInKAList       = mDNSNULL;
	cr->TimeRcvd           = m->timenow;
	cr->DelayDelivery      = 0;
	cr->NextRequiredQuery  = m->timenow;
	cr->LastUsed           = m->timenow;
	cr->CRActiveQuestion   = mDNSNULL;
	cr->UnansweredQueries  = 0;
	cr->LastUnansweredTime = 0;
#if ENABLE_MULTI_PACKET_QUERY_SNOOPING
	cr->MPUnansweredQ      = 0;
	cr->MPLastUnansweredQT = 0;
	cr->MPUnansweredKA     = 0;
	cr->MPExpectingKA      = mDNSfalse;
#endif
	cr->NextInCFList       = mDNSNULL;
	}

mDNSexport void mDNSCoreReceive(mDNS *const m, void *const pkt, const mDNSu8 *const end,
	const mDNSAddr *const srcaddr, const mDNSIPPort srcport, const mDNSAddr *dstaddr, const mDNSIPPort dstport,
	const mDNSInterfaceID InterfaceID)
	{
	mDNSInterfaceID ifid = InterfaceID;
	DNSMessage  *msg  = (DNSMessage *)pkt;
	const mDNSu8 StdQ = kDNSFlag0_QR_Query    | kDNSFlag0_OP_StdQuery;
	const mDNSu8 StdR = kDNSFlag0_QR_Response | kDNSFlag0_OP_StdQuery;
	const mDNSu8 UpdQ = kDNSFlag0_QR_Query    | kDNSFlag0_OP_Update;
	const mDNSu8 UpdR = kDNSFlag0_QR_Response | kDNSFlag0_OP_Update;
	mDNSu8 QR_OP;
	mDNSu8 *ptr = mDNSNULL;
	mDNSBool TLS = (dstaddr == (mDNSAddr *)1);	// For debug logs: dstaddr = 0 means TCP; dstaddr = 1 means TLS
	if (TLS) dstaddr = mDNSNULL;

#ifndef UNICAST_DISABLED
	if (mDNSSameAddress(srcaddr, &m->Router))
		{
#ifdef _LEGACY_NAT_TRAVERSAL_
		if (mDNSSameIPPort(srcport, SSDPPort) || (m->SSDPSocket && mDNSSameIPPort(dstport, m->SSDPSocket->port)))
			{
			mDNS_Lock(m);
			LNT_ConfigureRouterInfo(m, InterfaceID, pkt, (mDNSu16)(end - (mDNSu8 *)pkt));
			mDNS_Unlock(m);
			return;
			}
#endif
		if (mDNSSameIPPort(srcport, NATPMPPort))
			{
			mDNS_Lock(m);
			uDNS_ReceiveNATPMPPacket(m, InterfaceID, pkt, (mDNSu16)(end - (mDNSu8 *)pkt));
			mDNS_Unlock(m);
			return;
			}
		}
#ifdef _LEGACY_NAT_TRAVERSAL_
	else if (m->SSDPSocket && mDNSSameIPPort(dstport, m->SSDPSocket->port)) { debugf("Ignoring SSDP response from %#a:%d", srcaddr, mDNSVal16(srcport)); return; }
#endif

#endif
	if ((unsigned)(end - (mDNSu8 *)pkt) < sizeof(DNSMessageHeader))
		{
		LogMsg("DNS Message from %#a:%d to %#a:%d length %d too short", srcaddr, mDNSVal16(srcport), dstaddr, mDNSVal16(dstport), end - (mDNSu8 *)pkt);
		return;
		}
	QR_OP = (mDNSu8)(msg->h.flags.b[0] & kDNSFlag0_QROP_Mask);
	// Read the integer parts which are in IETF byte-order (MSB first, LSB second)
	ptr = (mDNSu8 *)&msg->h.numQuestions;
	msg->h.numQuestions   = (mDNSu16)((mDNSu16)ptr[0] << 8 | ptr[1]);
	msg->h.numAnswers     = (mDNSu16)((mDNSu16)ptr[2] << 8 | ptr[3]);
	msg->h.numAuthorities = (mDNSu16)((mDNSu16)ptr[4] << 8 | ptr[5]);
	msg->h.numAdditionals = (mDNSu16)((mDNSu16)ptr[6] << 8 | ptr[7]);

	if (!m) { LogMsg("mDNSCoreReceive ERROR m is NULL"); return; }
	
	// We use zero addresses and all-ones addresses at various places in the code to indicate special values like "no address"
	// If we accept and try to process a packet with zero or all-ones source address, that could really mess things up
	if (srcaddr && !mDNSAddressIsValid(srcaddr)) { debugf("mDNSCoreReceive ignoring packet from %#a", srcaddr); return; }

	mDNS_Lock(m);
	m->PktNum++;
#ifndef UNICAST_DISABLED
	if (!dstaddr || (!mDNSAddressIsAllDNSLinkGroup(dstaddr) && (QR_OP == StdR || QR_OP == UpdR)))
		if (!mDNSOpaque16IsZero(msg->h.id)) // uDNS_ReceiveMsg only needs to get real uDNS responses, not "QU" mDNS responses
			{
			ifid = mDNSInterface_Any;
			if (mDNS_PacketLoggingEnabled)
				DumpPacket(m, mStatus_NoError, mDNSfalse, TLS ? "TLS" : !dstaddr ? "TCP" : "UDP", srcaddr, srcport, dstaddr, dstport, msg, end);
			uDNS_ReceiveMsg(m, msg, end, srcaddr, srcport);
			// Note: mDNSCore also needs to get access to received unicast responses
			}
#endif
	if      (QR_OP == StdQ) mDNSCoreReceiveQuery   (m, msg, end, srcaddr, srcport, dstaddr, dstport, ifid);
	else if (QR_OP == StdR) mDNSCoreReceiveResponse(m, msg, end, srcaddr, srcport, dstaddr, dstport, ifid);
	else if (QR_OP == UpdQ) mDNSCoreReceiveUpdate  (m, msg, end, srcaddr, srcport, dstaddr, dstport, InterfaceID);
	else if (QR_OP == UpdR) mDNSCoreReceiveUpdateR (m, msg, end,                                     InterfaceID);
	else
		{
		LogMsg("Unknown DNS packet type %02X%02X from %#-15a:%-5d to %#-15a:%-5d length %d on %p (ignored)",
			msg->h.flags.b[0], msg->h.flags.b[1], srcaddr, mDNSVal16(srcport), dstaddr, mDNSVal16(dstport), end - (mDNSu8 *)pkt, InterfaceID);
		if (mDNS_LoggingEnabled)
			{
			int i = 0;
			while (i<end - (mDNSu8 *)pkt)
				{
				char buffer[128];
				char *p = buffer + mDNS_snprintf(buffer, sizeof(buffer), "%04X", i);
				do if (i<end - (mDNSu8 *)pkt) p += mDNS_snprintf(p, sizeof(buffer), " %02X", ((mDNSu8 *)pkt)[i]); while (++i & 15);
				LogInfo("%s", buffer);
				}
			}
		}
	// Packet reception often causes a change to the task list:
	// 1. Inbound queries can cause us to need to send responses
	// 2. Conflicing response packets received from other hosts can cause us to need to send defensive responses
	// 3. Other hosts announcing deletion of shared records can cause us to need to re-assert those records
	// 4. Response packets that answer questions may cause our client to issue new questions
	mDNS_Unlock(m);
	}

// ***************************************************************************
#if COMPILER_LIKES_PRAGMA_MARK
#pragma mark -
#pragma mark - Searcher Functions
#endif

// Targets are considered the same if both queries are untargeted, or
// if both are targeted to the same address+port
// (If Target address is zero, TargetPort is undefined)
#define SameQTarget(A,B) (((A)->Target.type == mDNSAddrType_None && (B)->Target.type == mDNSAddrType_None) || \
	(mDNSSameAddress(&(A)->Target, &(B)->Target) && mDNSSameIPPort((A)->TargetPort, (B)->TargetPort)))

// Note: We explicitly disallow making a public query be a duplicate of a private one. This is to avoid the
// circular deadlock where a client does a query for something like "dns-sd -Q _dns-query-tls._tcp.company.com SRV"
// and we have a key for company.com, so we try to locate the private query server for company.com, which necessarily entails
// doing a standard DNS query for the _dns-query-tls._tcp SRV record for company.com. If we make the latter (public) query
// a duplicate of the former (private) query, then it will block forever waiting for an answer that will never come.
//
// We keep SuppressUnusable questions separate so that we can return a quick response to them and not get blocked behind
// the queries that are not marked SuppressUnusable. But if the query is not suppressed, they are treated the same as
// non-SuppressUnusable questions. This should be fine as the goal of SuppressUnusable is to return quickly only if it
// is suppressed. If it is not suppressed, we do try all the DNS servers for valid answers like any other question.
// The main reason for this design is that cache entries point to a *single* question and that question is responsible
// for keeping the cache fresh as long as it is active. Having multiple active question for a single cache entry
// breaks this design principle.

// If IsLLQ(Q) is true, it means the question is both:
// (a) long-lived and
// (b) being performed by a unicast DNS long-lived query (either full LLQ, or polling)
// for multicast questions, we don't want to treat LongLived as anything special
#define IsLLQ(Q) ((Q)->LongLived && !mDNSOpaque16IsZero((Q)->TargetQID))

mDNSlocal DNSQuestion *FindDuplicateQuestion(const mDNS *const m, const DNSQuestion *const question)
	{
	DNSQuestion *q;
	// Note: A question can only be marked as a duplicate of one that occurs *earlier* in the list.
	// This prevents circular references, where two questions are each marked as a duplicate of the other.
	// Accordingly, we break out of the loop when we get to 'question', because there's no point searching
	// further in the list.
	for (q = m->Questions; q && q != question; q=q->next)		// Scan our list for another question
		if (q->InterfaceID == question->InterfaceID &&			// with the same InterfaceID,
			SameQTarget(q, question)                &&			// and same unicast/multicast target settings
			q->qtype      == question->qtype        &&			// type,
			q->qclass     == question->qclass       &&			// class,
			IsLLQ(q)      == IsLLQ(question)        &&			// and long-lived status matches
			(!q->AuthInfo || question->AuthInfo)    &&			// to avoid deadlock, don't make public query dup of a private one
			(q->SuppressQuery == question->SuppressQuery) &&	// Questions that are suppressed/not suppressed
			q->qnamehash  == question->qnamehash    &&
			SameDomainName(&q->qname, &question->qname))		// and name
			return(q);
	return(mDNSNULL);
	}

// This is called after a question is deleted, in case other identical questions were being suppressed as duplicates
mDNSlocal void UpdateQuestionDuplicates(mDNS *const m, DNSQuestion *const question)
	{
	DNSQuestion *q;
	for (q = m->Questions; q; q=q->next)		// Scan our list of questions
		if (q->DuplicateOf == question)			// To see if any questions were referencing this as their duplicate
			if ((q->DuplicateOf = FindDuplicateQuestion(m, q)) == mDNSNULL)
				{
				// If q used to be a duplicate, but now is not,
				// then inherit the state from the question that's going away
				q->LastQTime         = question->LastQTime;
				q->ThisQInterval     = question->ThisQInterval;
				q->ExpectUnicastResp = question->ExpectUnicastResp;
				q->LastAnswerPktNum  = question->LastAnswerPktNum;
				q->RecentAnswerPkts  = question->RecentAnswerPkts;
				q->RequestUnicast    = question->RequestUnicast;
				q->LastQTxTime       = question->LastQTxTime;
				q->CNAMEReferrals    = question->CNAMEReferrals;
				q->nta               = question->nta;
				q->servAddr          = question->servAddr;
				q->servPort          = question->servPort;
				q->qDNSServer        = question->qDNSServer;
				q->validDNSServers   = question->validDNSServers;
				q->unansweredQueries = question->unansweredQueries;
				q->noServerResponse  = question->noServerResponse;
				q->triedAllServersOnce = question->triedAllServersOnce;

				q->TargetQID         = question->TargetQID;
				q->LocalSocket       = question->LocalSocket;

				q->state             = question->state;
			//	q->tcp               = question->tcp;
				q->ReqLease          = question->ReqLease;
				q->expire            = question->expire;
				q->ntries            = question->ntries;
				q->id                = question->id;

				question->LocalSocket = mDNSNULL;
				question->nta        = mDNSNULL;	// If we've got a GetZoneData in progress, transfer it to the newly active question
			//	question->tcp        = mDNSNULL;

				if (q->LocalSocket)
					debugf("UpdateQuestionDuplicates transferred LocalSocket pointer for %##s (%s)", q->qname.c, DNSTypeName(q->qtype));

				if (q->nta)
					{
					LogInfo("UpdateQuestionDuplicates transferred nta pointer for %##s (%s)", q->qname.c, DNSTypeName(q->qtype));
					q->nta->ZoneDataContext = q;
					}

				// Need to work out how to safely transfer this state too -- appropriate context pointers need to be updated or the code will crash
				if (question->tcp) LogInfo("UpdateQuestionDuplicates did not transfer tcp pointer");

				if (question->state == LLQ_Established)
					{
					LogInfo("UpdateQuestionDuplicates transferred LLQ state for %##s (%s)", q->qname.c, DNSTypeName(q->qtype));
					question->state = 0;	// Must zero question->state, or mDNS_StopQuery_internal will clean up and cancel our LLQ from the server
					}

				SetNextQueryTime(m,q);
				}
	}

mDNSinline mDNSs32 PenaltyTimeForServer(mDNS *m, DNSServer *server)
	{
	mDNSs32 ptime = 0;
	if (server->penaltyTime != 0)
		{
		ptime = server->penaltyTime - m->timenow;
		if (ptime < 0)
			{
			// This should always be a positive value between 0 and DNSSERVER_PENALTY_TIME
			// If it does not get reset in ResetDNSServerPenalties for some reason, we do it
			// here
			LogMsg("PenaltyTimeForServer: PenaltyTime negative %d, (server penaltyTime %d, timenow %d) resetting the penalty",
				ptime, server->penaltyTime, m->timenow);
			server->penaltyTime = 0;
			ptime = 0;
			}
		}
	return ptime;
	}

//Checks to see whether the newname is a better match for the name, given the best one we have
//seen so far (given in bestcount).
//Returns -1 if the newname is not a better match
//Returns 0 if the newname is the same as the old match
//Returns 1 if the newname is a better match
mDNSlocal int BetterMatchForName(const domainname *name, int namecount, const domainname *newname, int newcount,
	int bestcount)
	{
	// If the name contains fewer labels than the new server's domain or the new name
	// contains fewer labels than the current best, then it can't possibly be a better match
	if (namecount < newcount || newcount < bestcount) return -1;

	// If there is no match, return -1 and the caller will skip this newname for
	// selection
	//
	// If we find a match and the number of labels is the same as bestcount, then
	// we return 0 so that the caller can do additional logic to pick one of
	// the best based on some other factors e.g., penaltyTime
	//
	// If we find a match and the number of labels is more than bestcount, then we
	// return 1 so that the caller can pick this over the old one.
	//
	// Note: newcount can either be equal or greater than bestcount beause of the
	// check above.

	if (SameDomainName(SkipLeadingLabels(name, namecount - newcount), newname))
		return bestcount == newcount ? 0 : 1;
	else
		return -1;
	}

// Sets all the Valid DNS servers for a question
mDNSexport void SetValidDNSServers(mDNS *m, DNSQuestion *question)
	{
	DNSServer *curmatch = mDNSNULL;
	int bestmatchlen = -1, namecount = CountLabels(&question->qname);
	DNSServer *curr;
	int bettermatch, currcount;
	int index = 0;

	question->validDNSServers = zeroOpaque64;
	for (curr = m->DNSServers; curr; curr = curr->next)
		{
		debugf("SetValidDNSServers: Parsing DNS server Address %#a (Domain %##s), Scope: %d", &curr->addr, curr->domain.c, curr->scoped);
		// skip servers that will soon be deleted
		if (curr->flags & DNSServer_FlagDelete)
			{ debugf("SetValidDNSServers: Delete set for index %d, DNS server %#a (Domain %##s), scoped %d", index, &curr->addr, curr->domain.c, curr->scoped); continue; }

		currcount = CountLabels(&curr->domain);
		if ((!curr->scoped && (!question->InterfaceID || (question->InterfaceID == mDNSInterface_Unicast))) || (curr->interface == question->InterfaceID))
			{
			bettermatch = BetterMatchForName(&question->qname, namecount, &curr->domain, currcount, bestmatchlen);

			// If we found a better match (bettermatch == 1) then clear all the bits
			// corresponding to the old DNSServers that we have may set before and start fresh.
			// If we find an equal match, then include that DNSServer also by setting the corresponding
			// bit
			if ((bettermatch == 1) || (bettermatch == 0))
				{
				curmatch = curr;
				bestmatchlen = currcount;
				if (bettermatch) { debugf("SetValidDNSServers: Resetting all the bits"); question->validDNSServers = zeroOpaque64; }
				debugf("SetValidDNSServers: Setting the bit for DNS server Address %#a (Domain %##s), Scoped:%d index %d", &curr->addr, curr->domain.c, curr->scoped, index);
				bit_set_opaque64(question->validDNSServers, index);
				}
			}
		index++;
		}
	question->noServerResponse = 0;
	debugf("SetValidDNSServers: ValidDNSServer bits  0x%x%x for question %p %##s (%s)",
		question->validDNSServers.l[1], question->validDNSServers.l[0], question, question->qname.c, DNSTypeName(question->qtype));
	}

// Get the Best server that matches a name. If you find penalized servers, look for the one
// that will come out of the penalty box soon
mDNSlocal DNSServer *GetBestServer(mDNS *m, const domainname *name, mDNSInterfaceID InterfaceID, mDNSOpaque64 validBits, int *selected, mDNSBool nameMatch)
	{
	DNSServer *curmatch = mDNSNULL;
	int bestmatchlen = -1, namecount = name ? CountLabels(name) : 0;
	DNSServer *curr;
	mDNSs32 bestPenaltyTime, currPenaltyTime;
	int bettermatch, currcount;
	int index = 0;
	int currindex = -1;

	debugf("GetBestServer: ValidDNSServer bits  0x%x%x", validBits.l[1], validBits.l[0]);
	bestPenaltyTime = DNSSERVER_PENALTY_TIME + 1;
	for (curr = m->DNSServers; curr; curr = curr->next)
		{
		// skip servers that will soon be deleted
		if (curr->flags & DNSServer_FlagDelete)
			{ debugf("GetBestServer: Delete set for index %d, DNS server %#a (Domain %##s), scoped %d", index, &curr->addr, curr->domain.c, curr->scoped); continue; }

		// Check if this is a valid DNSServer
		if (!bit_get_opaque64(validBits, index)) { debugf("GetBestServer: continuing for index %d", index); index++; continue; }

		currcount = CountLabels(&curr->domain);
		currPenaltyTime = PenaltyTimeForServer(m, curr);

		debugf("GetBestServer: Address %#a (Domain %##s), PenaltyTime(abs) %d, PenaltyTime(rel) %d",
			&curr->addr, curr->domain.c, curr->penaltyTime, currPenaltyTime);

		// If there are multiple best servers for a given question, we will pick the first one
		// if none of them are penalized. If some of them are penalized in that list, we pick
		// the least penalized one. BetterMatchForName walks through all best matches and
		// "currPenaltyTime < bestPenaltyTime" check lets us either pick the first best server
		// in the list when there are no penalized servers and least one among them
		// when there are some penalized servers
		//
		// Notes on InterfaceID matching:
		//
		// 1) A DNSServer entry may have an InterfaceID but the scoped flag may not be set. This
		// is the old way of specifying an InterfaceID option for DNSServer. We recoginize these
		// entries by "scoped" being false. These are like any other unscoped entries except that
		// if it is picked e.g., domain match, when the packet is sent out later, the packet will
		// be sent out on that interface. Theese entries can be matched by either specifying a
		// zero InterfaceID or non-zero InterfaceID on the question. Specifying an InterfaceID on
		// the question will cause an extra check on matching the InterfaceID on the question
		// against the DNSServer.
		// 
		// 2) A DNSServer may also have both scoped set and InterfaceID non-NULL. This
		// is the new way of specifying an InterfaceID option for DNSServer. These will be considered
		// only when the question has non-zero interfaceID.

		if ((!curr->scoped && !InterfaceID) || (curr->interface == InterfaceID))
			{

			// If we know that all the names are already equally good matches, then skip calling BetterMatchForName.
			// This happens when we initially walk all the DNS servers and set the validity bit on the question.
			// Actually we just need PenaltyTime match, but for the sake of readability we just skip the expensive
			// part and still do some redundant steps e.g., InterfaceID match

			if (nameMatch) bettermatch = BetterMatchForName(name, namecount, &curr->domain, currcount, bestmatchlen);
			else bettermatch = 0;

			// If we found a better match (bettermatch == 1) then we don't need to
			// compare penalty times. But if we found an equal match, then we compare
			// the penalty times to pick a better match

			if ((bettermatch == 1) || ((bettermatch == 0) && currPenaltyTime < bestPenaltyTime))
				{ currindex = index; curmatch = curr; bestmatchlen = currcount; bestPenaltyTime = currPenaltyTime; }
			}
		index++;
		}
	if (selected) *selected = currindex;
	return curmatch;
	}

// Look up a DNS Server, matching by name and InterfaceID
mDNSexport DNSServer *GetServerForName(mDNS *m, const domainname *name, mDNSInterfaceID InterfaceID)
    {
	DNSServer *curmatch = mDNSNULL;
	char *ifname = mDNSNULL;	// for logging purposes only
	mDNSOpaque64 allValid;

	if ((InterfaceID == mDNSInterface_Unicast) || (InterfaceID == mDNSInterface_LocalOnly))
		InterfaceID = mDNSNULL;

	if (InterfaceID) ifname = InterfaceNameForID(m, InterfaceID);

	// By passing in all ones, we make sure that every DNS server is considered
	allValid.l[0] = allValid.l[1] = 0xFFFFFFFF;

	curmatch = GetBestServer(m, name, InterfaceID, allValid, mDNSNULL, mDNStrue);

	if (curmatch != mDNSNULL)
		LogInfo("GetServerForName: DNS server %#a:%d (Penalty Time Left %d) (Scope %s:%p) found for name %##s", &curmatch->addr,
		    mDNSVal16(curmatch->port), (curmatch->penaltyTime ? (curmatch->penaltyTime - m->timenow) : 0), ifname ? ifname : "None",
		InterfaceID, name);
	else
		LogInfo("GetServerForName: no DNS server (Scope %s:%p) found for name %##s", ifname ? ifname : "None", InterfaceID, name);

	return(curmatch);
	}

// Look up a DNS Server for a question within its valid DNSServer bits
mDNSexport DNSServer *GetServerForQuestion(mDNS *m, DNSQuestion *question)
    {
	DNSServer *curmatch = mDNSNULL;
	char *ifname = mDNSNULL;	// for logging purposes only
	mDNSInterfaceID InterfaceID = question->InterfaceID;
	const domainname *name = &question->qname;
	int currindex;

	if ((InterfaceID == mDNSInterface_Unicast) || (InterfaceID == mDNSInterface_LocalOnly))
		InterfaceID = mDNSNULL;

	if (InterfaceID) ifname = InterfaceNameForID(m, InterfaceID);

	if (!mDNSOpaque64IsZero(&question->validDNSServers))
		{
		curmatch = GetBestServer(m, name, InterfaceID, question->validDNSServers, &currindex, mDNSfalse);
		if (currindex != -1) bit_clr_opaque64(question->validDNSServers, currindex);
		}

	if (curmatch != mDNSNULL)
		LogInfo("GetServerForQuestion: %p DNS server %#a:%d (Penalty Time Left %d) (Scope %s:%p) found for name %##s (%s)", question, &curmatch->addr,
		    mDNSVal16(curmatch->port), (curmatch->penaltyTime ? (curmatch->penaltyTime - m->timenow) : 0), ifname ? ifname : "None",
		InterfaceID, name, DNSTypeName(question->qtype));
	else
		LogInfo("GetServerForQuestion: %p no DNS server (Scope %s:%p) found for name %##s (%s)", question, ifname ? ifname : "None", InterfaceID, name, DNSTypeName(question->qtype));

	return(curmatch);
	}


#define ValidQuestionTarget(Q) (((Q)->Target.type == mDNSAddrType_IPv4 || (Q)->Target.type == mDNSAddrType_IPv6) && \
	(mDNSSameIPPort((Q)->TargetPort, UnicastDNSPort) || mDNSSameIPPort((Q)->TargetPort, MulticastDNSPort)))

// Called in normal client context (lock not held)
mDNSlocal void LLQNATCallback(mDNS *m, NATTraversalInfo *n)
	{
	DNSQuestion *q;
	(void)n;    // Unused
	mDNS_Lock(m);
	LogInfo("LLQNATCallback external address:port %.4a:%u, NAT result %d", &n->ExternalAddress, mDNSVal16(n->ExternalPort), n->Result);
	for (q = m->Questions; q; q=q->next)
		if (ActiveQuestion(q) && !mDNSOpaque16IsZero(q->TargetQID) && q->LongLived)
			startLLQHandshake(m, q);	// If ExternalPort is zero, will do StartLLQPolling instead
#if APPLE_OSX_mDNSResponder
	UpdateAutoTunnelDomainStatuses(m);
#endif
	mDNS_Unlock(m);
	}

mDNSlocal mDNSBool ShouldSuppressQuery(mDNS *const m, domainname *qname, mDNSu16 qtype, mDNSInterfaceID InterfaceID)
	{
	NetworkInterfaceInfo *i;
	mDNSs32 iptype;
	DomainAuthInfo *AuthInfo;

	if (qtype == kDNSType_A) iptype = mDNSAddrType_IPv4;
	else if (qtype == kDNSType_AAAA) iptype = mDNSAddrType_IPv6;
	else { LogInfo("ShouldSuppressQuery: Query not suppressed for %##s, qtype %s, not A/AAAA type", qname, DNSTypeName(qtype)); return mDNSfalse; }

	// We still want the ability to be able to listen to the local services and hence
	// don't fail .local requests. We always have a loopback interface which we don't
	// check here.
	if (IsLocalDomain(qname)) { LogInfo("ShouldSuppressQuery: Query not suppressed for %##s, qtype %s, Local question", qname, DNSTypeName(qtype)); return mDNSfalse; }

	// Skip Private domains as we have special addresses to get the hosts in the Private domain
	AuthInfo = GetAuthInfoForName_internal(m, qname);
	if (AuthInfo && !AuthInfo->deltime && AuthInfo->AutoTunnel)
		{ LogInfo("ShouldSuppressQuery: Query not suppressed for %##s, qtype %s, Private Domain", qname, DNSTypeName(qtype)); return mDNSfalse; }

	// Match on Type, Address and InterfaceID
	//
	// Check whether we are looking for a name that ends in .local, then presence of a link-local
	// address on the interface is sufficient.
	for (i = m->HostInterfaces; i; i = i->next)
		{
		if (i->ip.type != iptype) continue;

		if (!InterfaceID || (InterfaceID == mDNSInterface_LocalOnly) || (InterfaceID == mDNSInterface_P2P) ||
			(i->InterfaceID == InterfaceID))
			{
			if (iptype == mDNSAddrType_IPv4 && !mDNSv4AddressIsLoopback(&i->ip.ip.v4) && !mDNSv4AddressIsLinkLocal(&i->ip.ip.v4))
				{
				LogInfo("ShouldSuppressQuery: Query not suppressed for %##s, qtype %s, Local Address %.4a found", qname, DNSTypeName(qtype),
					&i->ip.ip.v4);
				return mDNSfalse;
				}
			else if (iptype == mDNSAddrType_IPv6 &&
				!mDNSv6AddressIsLoopback(&i->ip.ip.v6) &&
				!mDNSv6AddressIsLinkLocal(&i->ip.ip.v6) &&
				!mDNSSameIPv6Address(i->ip.ip.v6, m->AutoTunnelHostAddr) &&
				!mDNSSameIPv6Address(i->ip.ip.v6, m->AutoTunnelRelayAddr))
				{
				LogInfo("ShouldSuppressQuery: Query not suppressed for %##s, qtype %s, Local Address %.16a found", qname, DNSTypeName(qtype),
					&i->ip.ip.v6);
				return mDNSfalse;
				}
			}
		}
	LogInfo("ShouldSuppressQuery: Query suppressed for %##s, qtype %s, because no matching interface found", qname, DNSTypeName(qtype));
	return mDNStrue;
	}

mDNSlocal void CheckSuppressedCurrentQuestion(mDNS *const m, DNSQuestion *q)
	{
	CacheRecord *rr;
	mDNSu32 slot;
	CacheGroup *cg;

	// Temporarily turn off suppression so that AnswerCurrentQuestionWithResourceRecord
	// can answer the question
	q->SuppressQuery = mDNSfalse;
	slot = HashSlot(&q->qname);
	cg = CacheGroupForName(m, slot, q->qnamehash, &q->qname);
	for (rr = cg ? cg->members : mDNSNULL; rr; rr=rr->next)
		{
		// Don't deliver RMV events for negative records
		if (rr->resrec.RecordType == kDNSRecordTypePacketNegative)
			{
			LogInfo("CheckSuppressedCurrentQuestion: CacheRecord %s Suppressing RMV events for question %p %##s (%s), CRActiveQuestion %p, CurrentAnswers %d",
				CRDisplayString(m, rr), q, q->qname.c, DNSTypeName(q->qtype), rr->CRActiveQuestion, q->CurrentAnswers);
			continue;
			}

		if (SameNameRecordAnswersQuestion(&rr->resrec, q))
			{
			LogInfo("CheckSuppressedCurrentQuestion: Calling AnswerCurrentQuestionWithResourceRecord (RMV) for question %##s using resource record %s",
				q->qname.c, CRDisplayString(m, rr));

			q->CurrentAnswers--;
			if (rr->resrec.rdlength > SmallRecordLimit) q->LargeAnswers--;
			if (rr->resrec.RecordType & kDNSRecordTypePacketUniqueMask) q->UniqueAnswers--;

			if (rr->CRActiveQuestion == q)
				{
				DNSQuestion *qptr;
				// If this was the active question for this cache entry, it was the one that was
				// responsible for keeping the cache entry fresh when the cache entry was reaching
				// its expiry. We need to handover the responsibility to someone else. Otherwise,
				// when the cache entry is about to expire, we won't find an active question
				// (pointed by CRActiveQuestion) to refresh the cache.
				for (qptr = m->Questions; qptr; qptr=qptr->next)
					if (ActiveQuestion(qptr) && ResourceRecordAnswersQuestion(&rr->resrec, qptr))
						break;

				if (qptr)
					LogInfo("CheckSuppressedCurrentQuestion: Updating CRActiveQuestion to %p for cache record %s, "
						"Original question CurrentAnswers %d, new question CurrentAnswers %d, SuppressUnusable %d, SuppressQuery %d",
						qptr, CRDisplayString(m,rr), q->CurrentAnswers, qptr->CurrentAnswers, qptr->SuppressUnusable, qptr->SuppressQuery);

				rr->CRActiveQuestion = qptr;		// Question used to be active; new value may or may not be null
				if (!qptr) m->rrcache_active--;	// If no longer active, decrement rrcache_active count
				}
			AnswerCurrentQuestionWithResourceRecord(m, rr, QC_rmv);
			if (m->CurrentQuestion != q) break;		// If callback deleted q, then we're finished here
			}
		}
		if (m->CurrentQuestion == q) q->SuppressQuery = mDNStrue;
	}

mDNSlocal mDNSBool IsQuestionNew(mDNS *const m, DNSQuestion *question)
	{
	DNSQuestion *q;
	for (q = m->NewQuestions; q; q = q->next)
		if (q == question) return mDNStrue;
	return mDNSfalse;
	}

// The caller should hold the lock
mDNSexport void CheckSuppressUnusableQuestions(mDNS *const m)
	{
	DNSQuestion *q, *qnext;
	DNSQuestion *restart = mDNSNULL;

	// We look through all questions including new questions. During network change events,
	// we potentially restart questions here in this function that ends up as new questions,
	// which may be suppressed at this instance. Before it is handled we get another network
	// event that changes the status e.g., address becomes available. If we did not process
	// new questions, we would never change its SuppressQuery status.
	for (q = m->Questions; q ; q = qnext)
		{
		qnext = q->next;
		if (!mDNSOpaque16IsZero(q->TargetQID) && q->SuppressUnusable)
			{
			mDNSBool old = q->SuppressQuery;
			q->SuppressQuery = ShouldSuppressQuery(m, &q->qname, q->qtype, q->InterfaceID);
			if (q->SuppressQuery != old)
				{
				if (q->SuppressQuery)
					{
					// Previously it was not suppressed, Generate RMV events for the ADDs that we might have delivered before
					// followed by a negative cache response
					if (m->CurrentQuestion)
						LogMsg("CheckSuppressUnusableQuestions: ERROR m->CurrentQuestion already set: %##s (%s)",
							m->CurrentQuestion->qname.c, DNSTypeName(m->CurrentQuestion->qtype));

					// If it is a new question, we have not delivered any ADD events yet. So, don't deliver RMV events.
					if (!IsQuestionNew(m, q))
						{
						m->CurrentQuestion = q;
						CheckSuppressedCurrentQuestion(m, q);
						if (m->CurrentQuestion != q)
							{
							m->CurrentQuestion = mDNSNULL;
							LogInfo("CheckSuppressUnusableQuestions: Question deleted while giving RMV events");
							continue;
							}
						m->CurrentQuestion = mDNSNULL;
						}
					else { debugf("CheckSuppressUnusableQuestion: Question %p %##s (%s) is a new question", q, q->qname.c, DNSTypeName(q->qtype)); }
					}

				// There are two cases here.
				//
				// 1. Previously it was suppressed and now it is not suppressed, restart the question so
				// that it will start as a new question. Note that we can't just call ActivateUnicastQuery
				// because when we get the response, if we had entries in the cache already, it will not answer
				// this question if the cache entry did not change. Hence, we need to restart
				// the query so that it can be answered from the cache.
				//
				// 2. Previously it was not suppressed and now it is suppressed. We need to restart the questions
				// so that we redo the duplicate checks in mDNS_StartQuery_internal. A SuppressUnusable question
				// is a duplicate of non-SuppressUnusable question if it is not suppressed (SuppressQuery is false).
				// A SuppressUnusable question is not a duplicate of non-SuppressUnusable question if it is suppressed
				// (SuppressQuery is true). The reason for this is that when a question is suppressed, we want an
				// immediate response and not want to be blocked behind a question that is querying DNS servers.
				// When the question is not suppressed, we don't want two active questions sending packets on the wire.
				// This affects both efficiency and also the current design where there is only one active question
				// pointed to from a cache entry.
				//
				// We restart queries in a two step process by first calling stop and build a temporary list which we
				// will restart at the end. The main reason for the two step process is to handle duplicate questions.
				// If there are duplicate questions, calling stop inherits the values from another question on the list (which
				// will soon become the real question) including q->ThisQInterval which might be zero if it was
				// suppressed before. At the end when we have restarted all questions, none of them is active as each
				// inherits from one another and we need to reactivate one of the questions here which is a little hacky.
				//
				// It is much cleaner and less error prone to build a list of questions and restart at the end.

				LogInfo("CheckSuppressUnusableQuestions: Stop question %p %##s (%s)", q, q->qname.c, DNSTypeName(q->qtype));
				mDNS_StopQuery_internal(m, q);
				q->next = restart;
				restart = q;
				}
			}
		}
	while (restart)
		{
		q = restart;
		restart = restart->next;
		q->next = mDNSNULL;
		LogInfo("CheckSuppressUnusableQuestions: Start question %p %##s (%s)", q, q->qname.c, DNSTypeName(q->qtype));
		mDNS_StartQuery_internal(m, q);
		}
	}

mDNSexport mStatus mDNS_StartQuery_internal(mDNS *const m, DNSQuestion *const question)
	{
	if (question->Target.type && !ValidQuestionTarget(question))
		{
		LogMsg("Warning! Target.type = %ld port = %u (Client forgot to initialize before calling mDNS_StartQuery?)",
			question->Target.type, mDNSVal16(question->TargetPort));
		question->Target.type = mDNSAddrType_None;
		}

	if (!question->Target.type) question->TargetPort = zeroIPPort;	// If no question->Target specified clear TargetPort

	question->TargetQID =
#ifndef UNICAST_DISABLED
		(question->Target.type || Question_uDNS(question)) ? mDNS_NewMessageID(m) :
#endif // UNICAST_DISABLED
		zeroID;

	debugf("mDNS_StartQuery: %##s (%s)", question->qname.c, DNSTypeName(question->qtype));

	if (m->rrcache_size == 0)	// Can't do queries if we have no cache space allocated
		return(mStatus_NoCache);
	else
		{
		int i;
		DNSQuestion **q;
		
		if (!ValidateDomainName(&question->qname))
			{
			LogMsg("Attempt to start query with invalid qname %##s (%s)", question->qname.c, DNSTypeName(question->qtype));
			return(mStatus_Invalid);
			}

		// Note: It important that new questions are appended at the *end* of the list, not prepended at the start
		q = &m->Questions;
		if (question->InterfaceID == mDNSInterface_LocalOnly || question->InterfaceID == mDNSInterface_P2P) q = &m->LocalOnlyQuestions;
		while (*q && *q != question) q=&(*q)->next;

		if (*q)
			{
			LogMsg("Error! Tried to add a question %##s (%s) %p that's already in the active list",
				question->qname.c, DNSTypeName(question->qtype), question);
			return(mStatus_AlreadyRegistered);
			}

		*q = question;

		// If this question is referencing a specific interface, verify it exists
		if (question->InterfaceID && question->InterfaceID != mDNSInterface_LocalOnly && question->InterfaceID != mDNSInterface_Unicast && question->InterfaceID != mDNSInterface_P2P)
			{
			NetworkInterfaceInfo *intf = FirstInterfaceForID(m, question->InterfaceID);
			if (!intf)
				LogMsg("Note: InterfaceID %p for question %##s (%s) not currently found in active interface list",
					question->InterfaceID, question->qname.c, DNSTypeName(question->qtype));
			}

		// Note: In the case where we already have the answer to this question in our cache, that may be all the client
		// wanted, and they may immediately cancel their question. In this case, sending an actual query on the wire would
		// be a waste. For that reason, we schedule our first query to go out in half a second (InitialQuestionInterval).
		// If AnswerNewQuestion() finds that we have *no* relevant answers currently in our cache, then it will accelerate
		// that to go out immediately.
		question->next              = mDNSNULL;
		question->qnamehash         = DomainNameHashValue(&question->qname);	// MUST do this before FindDuplicateQuestion()
		question->DelayAnswering    = CheckForSoonToExpireRecords(m, &question->qname, question->qnamehash, HashSlot(&question->qname));
		question->LastQTime         = m->timenow;
		question->ThisQInterval     = InitialQuestionInterval;					// MUST be > zero for an active question
		question->ExpectUnicastResp = 0;
		question->LastAnswerPktNum  = m->PktNum;
		question->RecentAnswerPkts  = 0;
		question->CurrentAnswers    = 0;
		question->LargeAnswers      = 0;
		question->UniqueAnswers     = 0;
		question->FlappingInterface1 = mDNSNULL;
		question->FlappingInterface2 = mDNSNULL;
		// Must do AuthInfo and SuppressQuery before calling FindDuplicateQuestion()
		question->AuthInfo          = GetAuthInfoForQuestion(m, question);
		if (question->SuppressUnusable)
			question->SuppressQuery = ShouldSuppressQuery(m, &question->qname, question->qtype, question->InterfaceID);
		else
			question->SuppressQuery = 0;
		question->DuplicateOf       = FindDuplicateQuestion(m, question);
		question->NextInDQList      = mDNSNULL;
		question->SendQNow          = mDNSNULL;
		question->SendOnAll         = mDNSfalse;
		question->RequestUnicast    = 0;
		question->LastQTxTime       = m->timenow;
		question->CNAMEReferrals    = 0;

		// We'll create our question->LocalSocket on demand, if needed.
		// We won't need one for duplicate questions, or from questions answered immediately out of the cache.
		// We also don't need one for LLQs because (when we're using NAT) we want them all to share a single
		// NAT mapping for receiving inbound add/remove events.
		question->LocalSocket       = mDNSNULL;
		question->deliverAddEvents  = mDNSfalse;
		question->qDNSServer        = mDNSNULL;
		question->unansweredQueries = 0;
		question->nta               = mDNSNULL;
		question->servAddr          = zeroAddr;
		question->servPort          = zeroIPPort;
		question->tcp               = mDNSNULL;
		question->NoAnswer          = NoAnswer_Normal;

		question->state             = LLQ_InitialRequest;
		question->ReqLease          = 0;
		question->expire            = 0;
		question->ntries            = 0;
		question->id                = zeroOpaque64;
		question->validDNSServers   = zeroOpaque64;
		question->triedAllServersOnce = 0;
		question->noServerResponse = 0;

		if (question->DuplicateOf) question->AuthInfo = question->DuplicateOf->AuthInfo;

		for (i=0; i<DupSuppressInfoSize; i++)
			question->DupSuppress[i].InterfaceID = mDNSNULL;

		debugf("mDNS_StartQuery: Question %##s (%s) Interface %p Now %d Send in %d Answer in %d (%p) %s (%p)",
			question->qname.c, DNSTypeName(question->qtype), question->InterfaceID, m->timenow,
			NextQSendTime(question) - m->timenow,
			question->DelayAnswering ? question->DelayAnswering - m->timenow : 0,
			question, question->DuplicateOf ? "duplicate of" : "not duplicate", question->DuplicateOf);

		if (question->DelayAnswering)
			LogInfo("mDNS_StartQuery_internal: Delaying answering for %d ticks while cache stabilizes for %##s (%s)",
				question->DelayAnswering - m->timenow, question->qname.c, DNSTypeName(question->qtype));

		if (question->InterfaceID == mDNSInterface_LocalOnly || question->InterfaceID == mDNSInterface_P2P)
			{
			if (!m->NewLocalOnlyQuestions) m->NewLocalOnlyQuestions = question;
			}
		else
			{
			if (!m->NewQuestions) m->NewQuestions = question;

			// If the question's id is non-zero, then it's Wide Area
			// MUST NOT do this Wide Area setup until near the end of
			// mDNS_StartQuery_internal -- this code may itself issue queries (e.g. SOA,
			// NS, etc.) and if we haven't finished setting up our own question and setting
			// m->NewQuestions if necessary then we could end up recursively re-entering
			// this routine with the question list data structures in an inconsistent state.
			if (!mDNSOpaque16IsZero(question->TargetQID))
				{
				// Duplicate questions should have the same DNSServers so that when we find
				// a matching resource record, all of them get the answers. Calling GetServerForQuestion
				// for the duplicate question may get a different DNS server from the original question
				if (question->DuplicateOf)
					{
					question->validDNSServers = question->DuplicateOf->validDNSServers;
					question->qDNSServer = question->DuplicateOf->qDNSServer;
					LogInfo("mDNS_StartQuery_internal: Duplicate question %p (%p) %##s (%s), DNS Server %#a:%d",
						question, question->DuplicateOf, question->qname.c, DNSTypeName(question->qtype),
						question->qDNSServer ? &question->qDNSServer->addr : mDNSNULL,
					    mDNSVal16(question->qDNSServer ? question->qDNSServer->port : zeroIPPort));
					}
				else
					{
					SetValidDNSServers(m, question);
					question->qDNSServer = GetServerForQuestion(m, question);
					LogInfo("mDNS_StartQuery_internal: question %p %##s (%s), DNS Server %#a:%d",
						question, question->qname.c, DNSTypeName(question->qtype),
						question->qDNSServer ? &question->qDNSServer->addr : mDNSNULL,
					    mDNSVal16(question->qDNSServer ? question->qDNSServer->port : zeroIPPort));
					}
				ActivateUnicastQuery(m, question, mDNSfalse);

				// If long-lived query, and we don't have our NAT mapping active, start it now
				if (question->LongLived && !m->LLQNAT.clientContext)
					{
					m->LLQNAT.Protocol       = NATOp_MapUDP;
					m->LLQNAT.IntPort        = m->UnicastPort4;
					m->LLQNAT.RequestedPort  = m->UnicastPort4;
					m->LLQNAT.clientCallback = LLQNATCallback;
					m->LLQNAT.clientContext  = (void*)1; // Means LLQ NAT Traversal is active
					mDNS_StartNATOperation_internal(m, &m->LLQNAT);
					}
					
#if APPLE_OSX_mDNSResponder
				if (question->LongLived)
					UpdateAutoTunnelDomainStatuses(m);
#endif
					
				}
			SetNextQueryTime(m,question);
			}

		return(mStatus_NoError);
		}
	}

// CancelGetZoneData is an internal routine (i.e. must be called with the lock already held)
mDNSexport void CancelGetZoneData(mDNS *const m, ZoneData *nta)
	{
	debugf("CancelGetZoneData %##s (%s)", nta->question.qname.c, DNSTypeName(nta->question.qtype));
	// This function may be called anytime to free the zone information.The question may or may not have stopped.
	// If it was already stopped, mDNS_StopQuery_internal would have set q->ThisQInterval to -1 and should not
	// call it again
	if (nta->question.ThisQInterval != -1)
		{
		mDNS_StopQuery_internal(m, &nta->question);
		if (nta->question.ThisQInterval != -1)
			LogMsg("CancelGetZoneData: Question %##s (%s) ThisQInterval %d not -1", nta->question.qname.c, DNSTypeName(nta->question.qtype), nta->question.ThisQInterval);
		}
	mDNSPlatformMemFree(nta);
	}

mDNSexport mStatus mDNS_StopQuery_internal(mDNS *const m, DNSQuestion *const question)
	{
	const mDNSu32 slot = HashSlot(&question->qname);
	CacheGroup *cg = CacheGroupForName(m, slot, question->qnamehash, &question->qname);
	CacheRecord *rr;
	DNSQuestion **qp = &m->Questions;
	
	//LogInfo("mDNS_StopQuery_internal %##s (%s)", question->qname.c, DNSTypeName(question->qtype));

	if (question->InterfaceID == mDNSInterface_LocalOnly || question->InterfaceID == mDNSInterface_P2P) qp = &m->LocalOnlyQuestions;
	while (*qp && *qp != question) qp=&(*qp)->next;
	if (*qp) *qp = (*qp)->next;
	else
		{
#if !ForceAlerts
		if (question->ThisQInterval >= 0)	// Only log error message if the query was supposed to be active
#endif
			LogMsg("mDNS_StopQuery_internal: Question %##s (%s) not found in active list",
				question->qname.c, DNSTypeName(question->qtype));
#if ForceAlerts
		*(long*)0 = 0;
#endif
		return(mStatus_BadReferenceErr);
		}

	// Take care to cut question from list *before* calling UpdateQuestionDuplicates
	UpdateQuestionDuplicates(m, question);
	// But don't trash ThisQInterval until afterwards.
	question->ThisQInterval = -1;

	// If there are any cache records referencing this as their active question, then see if there is any
	// other question that is also referencing them, else their CRActiveQuestion needs to get set to NULL.
	for (rr = cg ? cg->members : mDNSNULL; rr; rr=rr->next)
		{
		if (rr->CRActiveQuestion == question)
			{
			DNSQuestion *q;
			// Checking for ActiveQuestion filters questions that are suppressed also
			// as suppressed questions are not active
			for (q = m->Questions; q; q=q->next)		// Scan our list of questions
				if (ActiveQuestion(q) && ResourceRecordAnswersQuestion(&rr->resrec, q))
					break;
			if (q)
				debugf("mDNS_StopQuery_internal: Updating CRActiveQuestion to %p for cache record %s, Original question CurrentAnswers %d, new question "
					"CurrentAnswers %d, SuppressQuery %d", q, CRDisplayString(m,rr), question->CurrentAnswers, q->CurrentAnswers, q->SuppressQuery);
			rr->CRActiveQuestion = q;		// Question used to be active; new value may or may not be null
			if (!q) m->rrcache_active--;	// If no longer active, decrement rrcache_active count
			}
		}

	// If we just deleted the question that CacheRecordAdd() or CacheRecordRmv() is about to look at,
	// bump its pointer forward one question.
	if (m->CurrentQuestion == question)
		{
		debugf("mDNS_StopQuery_internal: Just deleted the currently active question: %##s (%s)",
			question->qname.c, DNSTypeName(question->qtype));
		m->CurrentQuestion = question->next;
		}

	if (m->NewQuestions == question)
		{
		debugf("mDNS_StopQuery_internal: Just deleted a new question that wasn't even answered yet: %##s (%s)",
			question->qname.c, DNSTypeName(question->qtype));
		m->NewQuestions = question->next;
		}

	if (m->NewLocalOnlyQuestions == question) m->NewLocalOnlyQuestions = question->next;

	// Take care not to trash question->next until *after* we've updated m->CurrentQuestion and m->NewQuestions
	question->next = mDNSNULL;

	// LogMsg("mDNS_StopQuery_internal: Question %##s (%s) removed", question->qname.c, DNSTypeName(question->qtype));

	// And finally, cancel any associated GetZoneData operation that's still running.
	// Must not do this until last, because there's a good chance the GetZoneData question is the next in the list,
	// so if we delete it earlier in this routine, we could find that our "question->next" pointer above is already
	// invalid before we even use it. By making sure that we update m->CurrentQuestion and m->NewQuestions if necessary
	// *first*, then they're all ready to be updated a second time if necessary when we cancel our GetZoneData query.
	if (question->tcp) { DisposeTCPConn(question->tcp); question->tcp = mDNSNULL; }
	if (question->LocalSocket) { mDNSPlatformUDPClose(question->LocalSocket); question->LocalSocket = mDNSNULL; }
	if (!mDNSOpaque16IsZero(question->TargetQID) && question->LongLived)
		{
		// Scan our list to see if any more wide-area LLQs remain. If not, stop our NAT Traversal.
		DNSQuestion *q;
		for (q = m->Questions; q; q=q->next)
			if (!mDNSOpaque16IsZero(q->TargetQID) && q->LongLived) break;
		if (!q)
			{
			if (!m->LLQNAT.clientContext)		// Should never happen, but just in case...
				LogMsg("mDNS_StopQuery ERROR LLQNAT.clientContext NULL");
			else
				{
				LogInfo("Stopping LLQNAT");
				mDNS_StopNATOperation_internal(m, &m->LLQNAT);
				m->LLQNAT.clientContext = mDNSNULL; // Means LLQ NAT Traversal not running
				}
			}

		// If necessary, tell server it can delete this LLQ state
		if (question->state == LLQ_Established)
			{
			question->ReqLease = 0;
			sendLLQRefresh(m, question);
			// If we need need to make a TCP connection to cancel the LLQ, that's going to take a little while.
			// We clear the tcp->question backpointer so that when the TCP connection completes, it doesn't
			// crash trying to access our cancelled question, but we don't cancel the TCP operation itself --
			// we let that run out its natural course and complete asynchronously.
			if (question->tcp)
				{
				question->tcp->question = mDNSNULL;
				question->tcp           = mDNSNULL;
				}
			}
#if APPLE_OSX_mDNSResponder
		UpdateAutoTunnelDomainStatuses(m);
#endif
		}
	// wait until we send the refresh above which needs the nta
	if (question->nta) { CancelGetZoneData(m, question->nta); question->nta = mDNSNULL; }

	return(mStatus_NoError);
	}

mDNSexport mStatus mDNS_StartQuery(mDNS *const m, DNSQuestion *const question)
	{
	mStatus status;
	mDNS_Lock(m);
	status = mDNS_StartQuery_internal(m, question);
	mDNS_Unlock(m);
	return(status);
	}

mDNSexport mStatus mDNS_StopQuery(mDNS *const m, DNSQuestion *const question)
	{
	mStatus status;
	mDNS_Lock(m);
	status = mDNS_StopQuery_internal(m, question);
	mDNS_Unlock(m);
	return(status);
	}

// Note that mDNS_StopQueryWithRemoves() does not currently implement the full generality of the other APIs
// Specifically, question callbacks invoked as a result of this call cannot themselves make API calls.
// We invoke the callback without using mDNS_DropLockBeforeCallback/mDNS_ReclaimLockAfterCallback
// specifically to catch and report if the client callback does try to make API calls
mDNSexport mStatus mDNS_StopQueryWithRemoves(mDNS *const m, DNSQuestion *const question)
	{
	mStatus status;
	DNSQuestion *qq;
	mDNS_Lock(m);

	// Check if question is new -- don't want to give remove events for a question we haven't even answered yet
	for (qq = m->NewQuestions; qq; qq=qq->next) if (qq == question) break;

	status = mDNS_StopQuery_internal(m, question);
	if (status == mStatus_NoError && !qq)
		{
		const CacheRecord *rr;
		const mDNSu32 slot = HashSlot(&question->qname);
		CacheGroup *const cg = CacheGroupForName(m, slot, question->qnamehash, &question->qname);
		LogInfo("Generating terminal removes for %##s (%s)", question->qname.c, DNSTypeName(question->qtype));
		for (rr = cg ? cg->members : mDNSNULL; rr; rr=rr->next)
			if (rr->resrec.RecordType != kDNSRecordTypePacketNegative && SameNameRecordAnswersQuestion(&rr->resrec, question))
				{
				// Don't use mDNS_DropLockBeforeCallback() here, since we don't allow API calls
				if (question->QuestionCallback)
					question->QuestionCallback(m, question, &rr->resrec, mDNSfalse);
				}
		}
	mDNS_Unlock(m);
	return(status);
	}

mDNSexport mStatus mDNS_Reconfirm(mDNS *const m, CacheRecord *const cr)
	{
	mStatus status;
	mDNS_Lock(m);
	status = mDNS_Reconfirm_internal(m, cr, kDefaultReconfirmTimeForNoAnswer);
	if (status == mStatus_NoError) ReconfirmAntecedents(m, cr->resrec.name, cr->resrec.namehash, 0);
	mDNS_Unlock(m);
	return(status);
	}

mDNSexport mStatus mDNS_ReconfirmByValue(mDNS *const m, ResourceRecord *const rr)
	{
	mStatus status = mStatus_BadReferenceErr;
	CacheRecord *cr;
	mDNS_Lock(m);
	cr = FindIdenticalRecordInCache(m, rr);
	debugf("mDNS_ReconfirmByValue: %p %s", cr, RRDisplayString(m, rr));
	if (cr) status = mDNS_Reconfirm_internal(m, cr, kDefaultReconfirmTimeForNoAnswer);
	if (status == mStatus_NoError) ReconfirmAntecedents(m, cr->resrec.name, cr->resrec.namehash, 0);
	mDNS_Unlock(m);
	return(status);
	}

mDNSlocal mStatus mDNS_StartBrowse_internal(mDNS *const m, DNSQuestion *const question,
	const domainname *const srv, const domainname *const domain,
	const mDNSInterfaceID InterfaceID, mDNSBool ForceMCast, mDNSQuestionCallback *Callback, void *Context)
	{
	question->InterfaceID      = InterfaceID;
	question->Target           = zeroAddr;
	question->qtype            = kDNSType_PTR;
	question->qclass           = kDNSClass_IN;
	question->LongLived        = mDNStrue;
	question->ExpectUnique     = mDNSfalse;
	question->ForceMCast       = ForceMCast;
	question->ReturnIntermed   = mDNSfalse;
	question->SuppressUnusable = mDNSfalse;
	question->QuestionCallback = Callback;
	question->QuestionContext  = Context;
	if (!ConstructServiceName(&question->qname, mDNSNULL, srv, domain)) return(mStatus_BadParamErr);

	return(mDNS_StartQuery_internal(m, question));
	}

mDNSexport mStatus mDNS_StartBrowse(mDNS *const m, DNSQuestion *const question,
	const domainname *const srv, const domainname *const domain,
	const mDNSInterfaceID InterfaceID, mDNSBool ForceMCast, mDNSQuestionCallback *Callback, void *Context)
	{
	mStatus status;
	mDNS_Lock(m);
	status = mDNS_StartBrowse_internal(m, question, srv, domain, InterfaceID, ForceMCast, Callback, Context);
	mDNS_Unlock(m);
	return(status);
	}

mDNSlocal mDNSBool MachineHasActiveIPv6(mDNS *const m)
	{
	NetworkInterfaceInfo *intf;
	for (intf = m->HostInterfaces; intf; intf = intf->next)
	if (intf->ip.type == mDNSAddrType_IPv6) return(mDNStrue);
	return(mDNSfalse);
	}

mDNSlocal void FoundServiceInfoSRV(mDNS *const m, DNSQuestion *question, const ResourceRecord *const answer, QC_result AddRecord)
	{
	ServiceInfoQuery *query = (ServiceInfoQuery *)question->QuestionContext;
	mDNSBool PortChanged = !mDNSSameIPPort(query->info->port, answer->rdata->u.srv.port);
	if (!AddRecord) return;
	if (answer->rrtype != kDNSType_SRV) return;

	query->info->port = answer->rdata->u.srv.port;

	// If this is our first answer, then set the GotSRV flag and start the address query
	if (!query->GotSRV)
		{
		query->GotSRV             = mDNStrue;
		query->qAv4.InterfaceID   = answer->InterfaceID;
		AssignDomainName(&query->qAv4.qname, &answer->rdata->u.srv.target);
		query->qAv6.InterfaceID   = answer->InterfaceID;
		AssignDomainName(&query->qAv6.qname, &answer->rdata->u.srv.target);
		mDNS_StartQuery(m, &query->qAv4);
		// Only do the AAAA query if this machine actually has IPv6 active
		if (MachineHasActiveIPv6(m)) mDNS_StartQuery(m, &query->qAv6);
		}
	// If this is not our first answer, only re-issue the address query if the target host name has changed
	else if ((query->qAv4.InterfaceID != query->qSRV.InterfaceID && query->qAv4.InterfaceID != answer->InterfaceID) ||
		!SameDomainName(&query->qAv4.qname, &answer->rdata->u.srv.target))
		{
		mDNS_StopQuery(m, &query->qAv4);
		if (query->qAv6.ThisQInterval >= 0) mDNS_StopQuery(m, &query->qAv6);
		if (SameDomainName(&query->qAv4.qname, &answer->rdata->u.srv.target) && !PortChanged)
			{
			// If we get here, it means:
			// 1. This is not our first SRV answer
			// 2. The interface ID is different, but the target host and port are the same
			// This implies that we're seeing the exact same SRV record on more than one interface, so we should
			// make our address queries at least as broad as the original SRV query so that we catch all the answers.
			query->qAv4.InterfaceID = query->qSRV.InterfaceID;	// Will be mDNSInterface_Any, or a specific interface
			query->qAv6.InterfaceID = query->qSRV.InterfaceID;
			}
		else
			{
			query->qAv4.InterfaceID   = answer->InterfaceID;
			AssignDomainName(&query->qAv4.qname, &answer->rdata->u.srv.target);
			query->qAv6.InterfaceID   = answer->InterfaceID;
			AssignDomainName(&query->qAv6.qname, &answer->rdata->u.srv.target);
			}
		debugf("FoundServiceInfoSRV: Restarting address queries for %##s (%s)", query->qAv4.qname.c, DNSTypeName(query->qAv4.qtype));
		mDNS_StartQuery(m, &query->qAv4);
		// Only do the AAAA query if this machine actually has IPv6 active
		if (MachineHasActiveIPv6(m)) mDNS_StartQuery(m, &query->qAv6);
		}
	else if (query->ServiceInfoQueryCallback && query->GotADD && query->GotTXT && PortChanged)
		{
		if (++query->Answers >= 100)
			debugf("**** WARNING **** Have given %lu answers for %##s (SRV) %##s %u",
				query->Answers, query->qSRV.qname.c, answer->rdata->u.srv.target.c,
				mDNSVal16(answer->rdata->u.srv.port));
		query->ServiceInfoQueryCallback(m, query);
		}
	// CAUTION: MUST NOT do anything more with query after calling query->Callback(), because the client's
	// callback function is allowed to do anything, including deleting this query and freeing its memory.
	}

mDNSlocal void FoundServiceInfoTXT(mDNS *const m, DNSQuestion *question, const ResourceRecord *const answer, QC_result AddRecord)
	{
	ServiceInfoQuery *query = (ServiceInfoQuery *)question->QuestionContext;
	if (!AddRecord) return;
	if (answer->rrtype != kDNSType_TXT) return;
	if (answer->rdlength > sizeof(query->info->TXTinfo)) return;

	query->GotTXT       = mDNStrue;
	query->info->TXTlen = answer->rdlength;
	query->info->TXTinfo[0] = 0;		// In case answer->rdlength is zero
	mDNSPlatformMemCopy(query->info->TXTinfo, answer->rdata->u.txt.c, answer->rdlength);

	verbosedebugf("FoundServiceInfoTXT: %##s GotADD=%d", query->info->name.c, query->GotADD);

	// CAUTION: MUST NOT do anything more with query after calling query->Callback(), because the client's
	// callback function is allowed to do anything, including deleting this query and freeing its memory.
	if (query->ServiceInfoQueryCallback && query->GotADD)
		{
		if (++query->Answers >= 100)
			debugf("**** WARNING **** have given %lu answers for %##s (TXT) %#s...",
				query->Answers, query->qSRV.qname.c, answer->rdata->u.txt.c);
		query->ServiceInfoQueryCallback(m, query);
		}
	}

mDNSlocal void FoundServiceInfo(mDNS *const m, DNSQuestion *question, const ResourceRecord *const answer, QC_result AddRecord)
	{
	ServiceInfoQuery *query = (ServiceInfoQuery *)question->QuestionContext;
	//LogInfo("FoundServiceInfo %d %s", AddRecord, RRDisplayString(m, answer));
	if (!AddRecord) return;
	
	if (answer->rrtype == kDNSType_A)
		{
		query->info->ip.type = mDNSAddrType_IPv4;
		query->info->ip.ip.v4 = answer->rdata->u.ipv4;
		}
	else if (answer->rrtype == kDNSType_AAAA)
		{
		query->info->ip.type = mDNSAddrType_IPv6;
		query->info->ip.ip.v6 = answer->rdata->u.ipv6;
		}
	else
		{
		debugf("FoundServiceInfo: answer %##s type %d (%s) unexpected", answer->name->c, answer->rrtype, DNSTypeName(answer->rrtype));
		return;
		}

	query->GotADD = mDNStrue;
	query->info->InterfaceID = answer->InterfaceID;

	verbosedebugf("FoundServiceInfo v%ld: %##s GotTXT=%d", query->info->ip.type, query->info->name.c, query->GotTXT);

	// CAUTION: MUST NOT do anything more with query after calling query->Callback(), because the client's
	// callback function is allowed to do anything, including deleting this query and freeing its memory.
	if (query->ServiceInfoQueryCallback && query->GotTXT)
		{
		if (++query->Answers >= 100)
			debugf(answer->rrtype == kDNSType_A ?
				"**** WARNING **** have given %lu answers for %##s (A) %.4a" :
				"**** WARNING **** have given %lu answers for %##s (AAAA) %.16a",
				query->Answers, query->qSRV.qname.c, &answer->rdata->u.data);
		query->ServiceInfoQueryCallback(m, query);
		}
	}

// On entry, the client must have set the name and InterfaceID fields of the ServiceInfo structure
// If the query is not interface-specific, then InterfaceID may be zero
// Each time the Callback is invoked, the remainder of the fields will have been filled in
// In addition, InterfaceID will be updated to give the interface identifier corresponding to that response
mDNSexport mStatus mDNS_StartResolveService(mDNS *const m,
	ServiceInfoQuery *query, ServiceInfo *info, mDNSServiceInfoQueryCallback *Callback, void *Context)
	{
	mStatus status;
	mDNS_Lock(m);

	query->qSRV.ThisQInterval       = -1;		// So that mDNS_StopResolveService() knows whether to cancel this question
	query->qSRV.InterfaceID         = info->InterfaceID;
	query->qSRV.Target              = zeroAddr;
	AssignDomainName(&query->qSRV.qname, &info->name);
	query->qSRV.qtype               = kDNSType_SRV;
	query->qSRV.qclass              = kDNSClass_IN;
	query->qSRV.LongLived           = mDNSfalse;
	query->qSRV.ExpectUnique        = mDNStrue;
	query->qSRV.ForceMCast          = mDNSfalse;
	query->qSRV.ReturnIntermed      = mDNSfalse;
	query->qSRV.SuppressUnusable    = mDNSfalse;
	query->qSRV.QuestionCallback    = FoundServiceInfoSRV;
	query->qSRV.QuestionContext     = query;

	query->qTXT.ThisQInterval       = -1;		// So that mDNS_StopResolveService() knows whether to cancel this question
	query->qTXT.InterfaceID         = info->InterfaceID;
	query->qTXT.Target              = zeroAddr;
	AssignDomainName(&query->qTXT.qname, &info->name);
	query->qTXT.qtype               = kDNSType_TXT;
	query->qTXT.qclass              = kDNSClass_IN;
	query->qTXT.LongLived           = mDNSfalse;
	query->qTXT.ExpectUnique        = mDNStrue;
	query->qTXT.ForceMCast          = mDNSfalse;
	query->qTXT.ReturnIntermed      = mDNSfalse;
	query->qTXT.SuppressUnusable    = mDNSfalse;
	query->qTXT.QuestionCallback    = FoundServiceInfoTXT;
	query->qTXT.QuestionContext     = query;

	query->qAv4.ThisQInterval       = -1;		// So that mDNS_StopResolveService() knows whether to cancel this question
	query->qAv4.InterfaceID         = info->InterfaceID;
	query->qAv4.Target              = zeroAddr;
	query->qAv4.qname.c[0]          = 0;
	query->qAv4.qtype               = kDNSType_A;
	query->qAv4.qclass              = kDNSClass_IN;
	query->qAv4.LongLived           = mDNSfalse;
	query->qAv4.ExpectUnique        = mDNStrue;
	query->qAv4.ForceMCast          = mDNSfalse;
	query->qAv4.ReturnIntermed      = mDNSfalse;
	query->qAv4.SuppressUnusable    = mDNSfalse;
	query->qAv4.QuestionCallback    = FoundServiceInfo;
	query->qAv4.QuestionContext     = query;

	query->qAv6.ThisQInterval       = -1;		// So that mDNS_StopResolveService() knows whether to cancel this question
	query->qAv6.InterfaceID         = info->InterfaceID;
	query->qAv6.Target              = zeroAddr;
	query->qAv6.qname.c[0]          = 0;
	query->qAv6.qtype               = kDNSType_AAAA;
	query->qAv6.qclass              = kDNSClass_IN;
	query->qAv6.LongLived           = mDNSfalse;
	query->qAv6.ExpectUnique        = mDNStrue;
	query->qAv6.ForceMCast          = mDNSfalse;
	query->qAv6.ReturnIntermed      = mDNSfalse;
	query->qAv6.SuppressUnusable    = mDNSfalse;
	query->qAv6.QuestionCallback    = FoundServiceInfo;
	query->qAv6.QuestionContext     = query;

	query->GotSRV                   = mDNSfalse;
	query->GotTXT                   = mDNSfalse;
	query->GotADD                   = mDNSfalse;
	query->Answers                  = 0;

	query->info                     = info;
	query->ServiceInfoQueryCallback = Callback;
	query->ServiceInfoQueryContext  = Context;

//	info->name      = Must already be set up by client
//	info->interface = Must already be set up by client
	info->ip        = zeroAddr;
	info->port      = zeroIPPort;
	info->TXTlen    = 0;

	// We use mDNS_StartQuery_internal here because we're already holding the lock
	status = mDNS_StartQuery_internal(m, &query->qSRV);
	if (status == mStatus_NoError) status = mDNS_StartQuery_internal(m, &query->qTXT);
	if (status != mStatus_NoError) mDNS_StopResolveService(m, query);

	mDNS_Unlock(m);
	return(status);
	}

mDNSexport void    mDNS_StopResolveService (mDNS *const m, ServiceInfoQuery *q)
	{
	mDNS_Lock(m);
	// We use mDNS_StopQuery_internal here because we're already holding the lock
	if (q->qSRV.ThisQInterval >= 0) mDNS_StopQuery_internal(m, &q->qSRV);
	if (q->qTXT.ThisQInterval >= 0) mDNS_StopQuery_internal(m, &q->qTXT);
	if (q->qAv4.ThisQInterval >= 0) mDNS_StopQuery_internal(m, &q->qAv4);
	if (q->qAv6.ThisQInterval >= 0) mDNS_StopQuery_internal(m, &q->qAv6);
	mDNS_Unlock(m);
	}

mDNSexport mStatus mDNS_GetDomains(mDNS *const m, DNSQuestion *const question, mDNS_DomainType DomainType, const domainname *dom,
	const mDNSInterfaceID InterfaceID, mDNSQuestionCallback *Callback, void *Context)
	{
	question->InterfaceID      = InterfaceID;
	question->Target           = zeroAddr;
	question->qtype            = kDNSType_PTR;
	question->qclass           = kDNSClass_IN;
	question->LongLived        = mDNSfalse;
	question->ExpectUnique     = mDNSfalse;
	question->ForceMCast       = mDNSfalse;
	question->ReturnIntermed   = mDNSfalse;
	question->SuppressUnusable = mDNSfalse;
	question->QuestionCallback = Callback;
	question->QuestionContext  = Context;
	if (DomainType > mDNS_DomainTypeMax) return(mStatus_BadParamErr);
	if (!MakeDomainNameFromDNSNameString(&question->qname, mDNS_DomainTypeNames[DomainType])) return(mStatus_BadParamErr);
	if (!dom) dom = &localdomain;
	if (!AppendDomainName(&question->qname, dom)) return(mStatus_BadParamErr);
	return(mDNS_StartQuery(m, question));
	}

// ***************************************************************************
#if COMPILER_LIKES_PRAGMA_MARK
#pragma mark -
#pragma mark - Responder Functions
#endif

mDNSexport mStatus mDNS_Register(mDNS *const m, AuthRecord *const rr)
	{
	mStatus status;
	mDNS_Lock(m);
	status = mDNS_Register_internal(m, rr);
	mDNS_Unlock(m);
	return(status);
	}

mDNSexport mStatus mDNS_Update(mDNS *const m, AuthRecord *const rr, mDNSu32 newttl,
	const mDNSu16 newrdlength, RData *const newrdata, mDNSRecordUpdateCallback *Callback)
	{
	if (!ValidateRData(rr->resrec.rrtype, newrdlength, newrdata))
		{
		LogMsg("Attempt to update record with invalid rdata: %s", GetRRDisplayString_rdb(&rr->resrec, &newrdata->u, m->MsgBuffer));
		return(mStatus_Invalid);
		}
	
	mDNS_Lock(m);

	// If TTL is unspecified, leave TTL unchanged
	if (newttl == 0) newttl = rr->resrec.rroriginalttl;

	// If we already have an update queued up which has not gone through yet, give the client a chance to free that memory
	if (rr->NewRData)
		{
		RData *n = rr->NewRData;
		rr->NewRData = mDNSNULL;							// Clear the NewRData pointer ...
		if (rr->UpdateCallback)
			rr->UpdateCallback(m, rr, n, rr->newrdlength);	// ...and let the client free this memory, if necessary
		}

	rr->NewRData             = newrdata;
	rr->newrdlength          = newrdlength;
	rr->UpdateCallback       = Callback;

#ifndef UNICAST_DISABLED
	if (rr->resrec.InterfaceID != mDNSInterface_LocalOnly && rr->resrec.InterfaceID != mDNSInterface_P2P && !IsLocalDomain(rr->resrec.name))
		{
		mStatus status = uDNS_UpdateRecord(m, rr);
		// The caller frees the memory on error, don't retain stale pointers
		if (status != mStatus_NoError) { rr->NewRData = mDNSNULL; rr->newrdlength = 0; }
		mDNS_Unlock(m);
		return(status);
		}
#endif

	if (rr->resrec.rroriginalttl == newttl &&
		rr->resrec.rdlength == newrdlength && mDNSPlatformMemSame(rr->resrec.rdata->u.data, newrdata->u.data, newrdlength))
		CompleteRDataUpdate(m, rr);
	else
		{
		rr->AnnounceCount = InitialAnnounceCount;
		InitializeLastAPTime(m, rr);
		while (rr->NextUpdateCredit && m->timenow - rr->NextUpdateCredit >= 0) GrantUpdateCredit(rr);
		if (!rr->UpdateBlocked && rr->UpdateCredits) rr->UpdateCredits--;
		if (!rr->NextUpdateCredit) rr->NextUpdateCredit = NonZeroTime(m->timenow + kUpdateCreditRefreshInterval);
		if (rr->AnnounceCount > rr->UpdateCredits + 1) rr->AnnounceCount = (mDNSu8)(rr->UpdateCredits + 1);
		if (rr->UpdateCredits <= 5)
			{
			mDNSu32 delay = 6 - rr->UpdateCredits;		// Delay 1 second, then 2, then 3, etc. up to 6 seconds maximum
			if (!rr->UpdateBlocked) rr->UpdateBlocked = NonZeroTime(m->timenow + (mDNSs32)delay * mDNSPlatformOneSecond);
			rr->ThisAPInterval *= 4;
			rr->LastAPTime = rr->UpdateBlocked - rr->ThisAPInterval;
			LogMsg("Excessive update rate for %##s; delaying announcement by %ld second%s",
				rr->resrec.name->c, delay, delay > 1 ? "s" : "");
			}
		rr->resrec.rroriginalttl = newttl;
		}

	mDNS_Unlock(m);
	return(mStatus_NoError);
	}

// Note: mDNS_Deregister calls mDNS_Deregister_internal which can call a user callback, which may change
// the record list and/or question list.
// Any code walking either list must use the CurrentQuestion and/or CurrentRecord mechanism to protect against this.
mDNSexport mStatus mDNS_Deregister(mDNS *const m, AuthRecord *const rr)
	{
	mStatus status;
	mDNS_Lock(m);
	status = mDNS_Deregister_internal(m, rr, mDNS_Dereg_normal);
	mDNS_Unlock(m);
	return(status);
	}

// Circular reference: AdvertiseInterface references mDNS_HostNameCallback, which calls mDNS_SetFQDN, which call AdvertiseInterface
mDNSlocal void mDNS_HostNameCallback(mDNS *const m, AuthRecord *const rr, mStatus result);

mDNSlocal NetworkInterfaceInfo *FindFirstAdvertisedInterface(mDNS *const m)
	{
	NetworkInterfaceInfo *intf;
	for (intf = m->HostInterfaces; intf; intf = intf->next)
		if (intf->Advertise) break;
	return(intf);
	}

mDNSlocal void AdvertiseInterface(mDNS *const m, NetworkInterfaceInfo *set)
	{
	char buffer[MAX_REVERSE_MAPPING_NAME];
	NetworkInterfaceInfo *primary = FindFirstAdvertisedInterface(m);
	if (!primary) primary = set; // If no existing advertised interface, this new NetworkInterfaceInfo becomes our new primary

	// Send dynamic update for non-linklocal IPv4 Addresses
	mDNS_SetupResourceRecord(&set->RR_A,     mDNSNULL, set->InterfaceID, kDNSType_A,     kHostNameTTL, kDNSRecordTypeUnique,      mDNS_HostNameCallback, set);
	mDNS_SetupResourceRecord(&set->RR_PTR,   mDNSNULL, set->InterfaceID, kDNSType_PTR,   kHostNameTTL, kDNSRecordTypeKnownUnique, mDNSNULL, mDNSNULL);
	mDNS_SetupResourceRecord(&set->RR_HINFO, mDNSNULL, set->InterfaceID, kDNSType_HINFO, kHostNameTTL, kDNSRecordTypeUnique,      mDNSNULL, mDNSNULL);

#if ANSWER_REMOTE_HOSTNAME_QUERIES
	set->RR_A    .AllowRemoteQuery  = mDNStrue;
	set->RR_PTR  .AllowRemoteQuery  = mDNStrue;
	set->RR_HINFO.AllowRemoteQuery  = mDNStrue;
#endif
	// 1. Set up Address record to map from host name ("foo.local.") to IP address
	// 2. Set up reverse-lookup PTR record to map from our address back to our host name
	AssignDomainName(&set->RR_A.namestorage, &m->MulticastHostname);
	if (set->ip.type == mDNSAddrType_IPv4)
		{
		set->RR_A.resrec.rrtype = kDNSType_A;
		set->RR_A.resrec.rdata->u.ipv4 = set->ip.ip.v4;
		// Note: This is reverse order compared to a normal dotted-decimal IP address, so we can't use our customary "%.4a" format code
		mDNS_snprintf(buffer, sizeof(buffer), "%d.%d.%d.%d.in-addr.arpa.",
			set->ip.ip.v4.b[3], set->ip.ip.v4.b[2], set->ip.ip.v4.b[1], set->ip.ip.v4.b[0]);
		}
	else if (set->ip.type == mDNSAddrType_IPv6)
		{
		int i;
		set->RR_A.resrec.rrtype = kDNSType_AAAA;
		set->RR_A.resrec.rdata->u.ipv6 = set->ip.ip.v6;
		for (i = 0; i < 16; i++)
			{
			static const char hexValues[] = "0123456789ABCDEF";
			buffer[i * 4    ] = hexValues[set->ip.ip.v6.b[15 - i] & 0x0F];
			buffer[i * 4 + 1] = '.';
			buffer[i * 4 + 2] = hexValues[set->ip.ip.v6.b[15 - i] >> 4];
			buffer[i * 4 + 3] = '.';
			}
		mDNS_snprintf(&buffer[64], sizeof(buffer)-64, "ip6.arpa.");
		}

	MakeDomainNameFromDNSNameString(&set->RR_PTR.namestorage, buffer);
	set->RR_PTR.AutoTarget = Target_AutoHost;	// Tell mDNS that the target of this PTR is to be kept in sync with our host name
	set->RR_PTR.ForceMCast = mDNStrue;			// This PTR points to our dot-local name, so don't ever try to write it into a uDNS server

	set->RR_A.RRSet = &primary->RR_A;			// May refer to self

	mDNS_Register_internal(m, &set->RR_A);
	mDNS_Register_internal(m, &set->RR_PTR);

	if (!NO_HINFO && m->HIHardware.c[0] > 0 && m->HISoftware.c[0] > 0 && m->HIHardware.c[0] + m->HISoftware.c[0] <= 254)
		{
		mDNSu8 *p = set->RR_HINFO.resrec.rdata->u.data;
		AssignDomainName(&set->RR_HINFO.namestorage, &m->MulticastHostname);
		set->RR_HINFO.DependentOn = &set->RR_A;
		mDNSPlatformMemCopy(p, &m->HIHardware, 1 + (mDNSu32)m->HIHardware.c[0]);
		p += 1 + (int)p[0];
		mDNSPlatformMemCopy(p, &m->HISoftware, 1 + (mDNSu32)m->HISoftware.c[0]);
		mDNS_Register_internal(m, &set->RR_HINFO);
		}
	else
		{
		debugf("Not creating HINFO record: platform support layer provided no information");
		set->RR_HINFO.resrec.RecordType = kDNSRecordTypeUnregistered;
		}
	}

mDNSlocal void DeadvertiseInterface(mDNS *const m, NetworkInterfaceInfo *set)
	{
	NetworkInterfaceInfo *intf;
	
    // If we still have address records referring to this one, update them
	NetworkInterfaceInfo *primary = FindFirstAdvertisedInterface(m);
	AuthRecord *A = primary ? &primary->RR_A : mDNSNULL;
	for (intf = m->HostInterfaces; intf; intf = intf->next)
		if (intf->RR_A.RRSet == &set->RR_A)
			intf->RR_A.RRSet = A;

	// Unregister these records.
	// When doing the mDNS_Exit processing, we first call DeadvertiseInterface for each interface, so by the time the platform
	// support layer gets to call mDNS_DeregisterInterface, the address and PTR records have already been deregistered for it.
	// Also, in the event of a name conflict, one or more of our records will have been forcibly deregistered.
	// To avoid unnecessary and misleading warning messages, we check the RecordType before calling mDNS_Deregister_internal().
	if (set->RR_A.    resrec.RecordType) mDNS_Deregister_internal(m, &set->RR_A,     mDNS_Dereg_normal);
	if (set->RR_PTR.  resrec.RecordType) mDNS_Deregister_internal(m, &set->RR_PTR,   mDNS_Dereg_normal);
	if (set->RR_HINFO.resrec.RecordType) mDNS_Deregister_internal(m, &set->RR_HINFO, mDNS_Dereg_normal);
	}

mDNSexport void mDNS_SetFQDN(mDNS *const m)
	{
	domainname newmname;
	NetworkInterfaceInfo *intf;
	AuthRecord *rr;
	newmname.c[0] = 0;

	if (!AppendDomainLabel(&newmname, &m->hostlabel))  { LogMsg("ERROR: mDNS_SetFQDN: Cannot create MulticastHostname"); return; }
	if (!AppendLiteralLabelString(&newmname, "local")) { LogMsg("ERROR: mDNS_SetFQDN: Cannot create MulticastHostname"); return; }

	mDNS_Lock(m);

	if (SameDomainNameCS(&m->MulticastHostname, &newmname)) debugf("mDNS_SetFQDN - hostname unchanged");
	else
		{
		AssignDomainName(&m->MulticastHostname, &newmname);
	
		// 1. Stop advertising our address records on all interfaces
		for (intf = m->HostInterfaces; intf; intf = intf->next)
			if (intf->Advertise) DeadvertiseInterface(m, intf);
	
		// 2. Start advertising our address records using the new name
		for (intf = m->HostInterfaces; intf; intf = intf->next)
			if (intf->Advertise) AdvertiseInterface(m, intf);
		}

	// 3. Make sure that any AutoTarget SRV records (and the like) get updated
	for (rr = m->ResourceRecords;  rr; rr=rr->next) if (rr->AutoTarget) SetTargetToHostName(m, rr);
	for (rr = m->DuplicateRecords; rr; rr=rr->next) if (rr->AutoTarget) SetTargetToHostName(m, rr);
	
	mDNS_Unlock(m);
	}

mDNSlocal void mDNS_HostNameCallback(mDNS *const m, AuthRecord *const rr, mStatus result)
	{
	(void)rr;	// Unused parameter
	
	#if MDNS_DEBUGMSGS
		{
		char *msg = "Unknown result";
		if      (result == mStatus_NoError)      msg = "Name registered";
		else if (result == mStatus_NameConflict) msg = "Name conflict";
		debugf("mDNS_HostNameCallback: %##s (%s) %s (%ld)", rr->resrec.name->c, DNSTypeName(rr->resrec.rrtype), msg, result);
		}
	#endif

	if (result == mStatus_NoError)
		{
		// Notify the client that the host name is successfully registered
		if (m->MainCallback)
			m->MainCallback(m, mStatus_NoError);
		}
	else if (result == mStatus_NameConflict)
		{
		domainlabel oldlabel = m->hostlabel;

		// 1. First give the client callback a chance to pick a new name
		if (m->MainCallback)
			m->MainCallback(m, mStatus_NameConflict);

		// 2. If the client callback didn't do it, add (or increment) an index ourselves
		// This needs to be case-INSENSITIVE compare, because we need to know that the name has been changed so as to
		// remedy the conflict, and a name that differs only in capitalization will just suffer the exact same conflict again.
		if (SameDomainLabel(m->hostlabel.c, oldlabel.c))
			IncrementLabelSuffix(&m->hostlabel, mDNSfalse);
		
		// 3. Generate the FQDNs from the hostlabel,
		// and make sure all SRV records, etc., are updated to reference our new hostname
		mDNS_SetFQDN(m);
		LogMsg("Local Hostname %#s.local already in use; will try %#s.local instead", oldlabel.c, m->hostlabel.c);
		}
	else if (result == mStatus_MemFree)
		{
		// .local hostnames do not require goodbyes - we ignore the MemFree (which is sent directly by
		// mDNS_Deregister_internal), and allow the caller to deallocate immediately following mDNS_DeadvertiseInterface
		debugf("mDNS_HostNameCallback: MemFree (ignored)");
		}
	else
		LogMsg("mDNS_HostNameCallback: Unknown error %d for registration of record %s", result,  rr->resrec.name->c);
	}

mDNSlocal void UpdateInterfaceProtocols(mDNS *const m, NetworkInterfaceInfo *active)
	{
	NetworkInterfaceInfo *intf;
	active->IPv4Available = mDNSfalse;
	active->IPv6Available = mDNSfalse;
	for (intf = m->HostInterfaces; intf; intf = intf->next)
		if (intf->InterfaceID == active->InterfaceID)
			{
			if (intf->ip.type == mDNSAddrType_IPv4 && intf->McastTxRx) active->IPv4Available = mDNStrue;
			if (intf->ip.type == mDNSAddrType_IPv6 && intf->McastTxRx) active->IPv6Available = mDNStrue;
			}
	}

mDNSlocal void RestartRecordGetZoneData(mDNS * const m)
	{
	AuthRecord *rr;
	LogInfo("RestartRecordGetZoneData: ResourceRecords");
	for (rr = m->ResourceRecords; rr; rr=rr->next)
		if (AuthRecord_uDNS(rr) && rr->state != regState_NoTarget)
			{
			debugf("RestartRecordGetZoneData: StartGetZoneData for %##s", rr->resrec.name->c);
			// Zero out the updateid so that if we have a pending response from the server, it won't
			// be accepted as a valid response. If we accept the response, we might free the new "nta"
			if (rr->nta) { rr->updateid = zeroID; CancelGetZoneData(m, rr->nta); }
			rr->nta = StartGetZoneData(m, rr->resrec.name, ZoneServiceUpdate, RecordRegistrationGotZoneData, rr);
			}
	}

mDNSlocal void InitializeNetWakeState(mDNS *const m, NetworkInterfaceInfo *set)
	{
	int i;
	set->NetWakeBrowse.ThisQInterval = -1;
	for (i=0; i<3; i++)
		{
		set->NetWakeResolve[i].ThisQInterval = -1;
		set->SPSAddr[i].type = mDNSAddrType_None;
		}
	set->NextSPSAttempt     = -1;
	set->NextSPSAttemptTime = m->timenow;
	}

mDNSexport void mDNS_ActivateNetWake_internal(mDNS *const m, NetworkInterfaceInfo *set)
	{
	NetworkInterfaceInfo *p = m->HostInterfaces;
	while (p && p != set) p=p->next;
	if (!p) { LogMsg("mDNS_ActivateNetWake_internal: NetworkInterfaceInfo %p not found in active list", set); return; }

	if (set->InterfaceActive)
		{
		LogSPS("ActivateNetWake for %s (%#a)", set->ifname, &set->ip);
		mDNS_StartBrowse_internal(m, &set->NetWakeBrowse, &SleepProxyServiceType, &localdomain, set->InterfaceID, mDNSfalse, m->SPSBrowseCallback, set);
		}
	}

mDNSexport void mDNS_DeactivateNetWake_internal(mDNS *const m, NetworkInterfaceInfo *set)
	{
	NetworkInterfaceInfo *p = m->HostInterfaces;
	while (p && p != set) p=p->next;
	if (!p) { LogMsg("mDNS_DeactivateNetWake_internal: NetworkInterfaceInfo %p not found in active list", set); return; }

	if (set->NetWakeBrowse.ThisQInterval >= 0)
		{
		int i;
		LogSPS("DeactivateNetWake for %s (%#a)", set->ifname, &set->ip);

		// Stop our browse and resolve operations
		mDNS_StopQuery_internal(m, &set->NetWakeBrowse);
		for (i=0; i<3; i++) if (set->NetWakeResolve[i].ThisQInterval >= 0) mDNS_StopQuery_internal(m, &set->NetWakeResolve[i]);

		// Make special call to the browse callback to let it know it can to remove all records for this interface
		if (m->SPSBrowseCallback)
			{
			mDNS_DropLockBeforeCallback();		// Allow client to legally make mDNS API calls from the callback
			m->SPSBrowseCallback(m, &set->NetWakeBrowse, mDNSNULL, mDNSfalse);
			mDNS_ReclaimLockAfterCallback();	// Decrement mDNS_reentrancy to block mDNS API calls again
			}

		// Reset our variables back to initial state, so we're ready for when NetWake is turned back on
		// (includes resetting NetWakeBrowse.ThisQInterval back to -1)
		InitializeNetWakeState(m, set);
		}
	}

mDNSexport mStatus mDNS_RegisterInterface(mDNS *const m, NetworkInterfaceInfo *set, mDNSBool flapping)
	{
	AuthRecord *rr;
	mDNSBool FirstOfType = mDNStrue;
	NetworkInterfaceInfo **p = &m->HostInterfaces;

	if (!set->InterfaceID)
		{ LogMsg("Error! Tried to register a NetworkInterfaceInfo %#a with zero InterfaceID", &set->ip); return(mStatus_Invalid); }

	if (!mDNSAddressIsValidNonZero(&set->mask))
		{ LogMsg("Error! Tried to register a NetworkInterfaceInfo %#a with invalid mask %#a", &set->ip, &set->mask); return(mStatus_Invalid); }

	mDNS_Lock(m);
	
	// Assume this interface will be active now, unless we find a duplicate already in the list
	set->InterfaceActive = mDNStrue;
	set->IPv4Available   = (mDNSu8)(set->ip.type == mDNSAddrType_IPv4 && set->McastTxRx);
	set->IPv6Available   = (mDNSu8)(set->ip.type == mDNSAddrType_IPv6 && set->McastTxRx);
	
	InitializeNetWakeState(m, set);

	// Scan list to see if this InterfaceID is already represented
	while (*p)
		{
		if (*p == set)
			{
			LogMsg("Error! Tried to register a NetworkInterfaceInfo that's already in the list");
			mDNS_Unlock(m);
			return(mStatus_AlreadyRegistered);
			}

		if ((*p)->InterfaceID == set->InterfaceID)
			{
			// This InterfaceID already represented by a different interface in the list, so mark this instance inactive for now
			set->InterfaceActive = mDNSfalse;
			if (set->ip.type == (*p)->ip.type) FirstOfType = mDNSfalse;
			if (set->ip.type == mDNSAddrType_IPv4 && set->McastTxRx) (*p)->IPv4Available = mDNStrue;
			if (set->ip.type == mDNSAddrType_IPv6 && set->McastTxRx) (*p)->IPv6Available = mDNStrue;
			}

		p=&(*p)->next;
		}

	set->next = mDNSNULL;
	*p = set;
	
	if (set->Advertise)
		AdvertiseInterface(m, set);

	LogInfo("mDNS_RegisterInterface: InterfaceID %p %s (%#a) %s", set->InterfaceID, set->ifname, &set->ip,
		set->InterfaceActive ?
			"not represented in list; marking active and retriggering queries" :
			"already represented in list; marking inactive for now");
	
	if (set->NetWake) mDNS_ActivateNetWake_internal(m, set);

	// In early versions of OS X the IPv6 address remains on an interface even when the interface is turned off,
	// giving the false impression that there's an active representative of this interface when there really isn't.
	// Therefore, when registering an interface, we want to re-trigger our questions and re-probe our Resource Records,
	// even if we believe that we previously had an active representative of this interface.
	if (set->McastTxRx && ((m->KnownBugs & mDNS_KnownBug_PhantomInterfaces) || FirstOfType || set->InterfaceActive))
		{
		DNSQuestion *q;
		// Normally, after an interface comes up, we pause half a second before beginning probing.
		// This is to guard against cases where there's rapid interface changes, where we could be confused by
		// seeing packets we ourselves sent just moments ago (perhaps when this interface had a different address)
		// which are then echoed back after a short delay by some Ethernet switches and some 802.11 base stations.
		// We don't want to do a probe, and then see a stale echo of an announcement we ourselves sent,
		// and think it's a conflicting answer to our probe.
		// In the case of a flapping interface, we pause for five seconds, and reduce the announcement count to one packet.
		const mDNSs32 probedelay  = flapping ? mDNSPlatformOneSecond * 5 : mDNSPlatformOneSecond / 2;
		const mDNSu8  numannounce = flapping ? (mDNSu8)1                 : InitialAnnounceCount;

		// Use a small amount of randomness:
		// In the case of a network administrator turning on an Ethernet hub so that all the
		// connected machines establish link at exactly the same time, we don't want them all
		// to go and hit the network with identical queries at exactly the same moment.
		// We set a random delay of up to InitialQuestionInterval (1/3 second).
		// We must *never* set m->SuppressSending to more than that (or set it repeatedly in a way
		// that causes mDNSResponder to remain in a prolonged state of SuppressSending, because
		// suppressing packet sending for more than about 1/3 second can cause protocol correctness
		// to start to break down (e.g. we don't answer probes fast enough, and get name conflicts).
		// See <rdar://problem/4073853> mDNS: m->SuppressSending set too enthusiastically
		if (!m->SuppressSending) m->SuppressSending = m->timenow + (mDNSs32)mDNSRandom((mDNSu32)InitialQuestionInterval);

		if (flapping) LogMsg("RegisterInterface: Frequent transitions for interface %s (%#a)", set->ifname, &set->ip);

		LogInfo("RegisterInterface: %s (%#a) probedelay %d", set->ifname, &set->ip, probedelay);
		if (m->SuppressProbes == 0 ||
			m->SuppressProbes - NonZeroTime(m->timenow + probedelay) < 0)
			m->SuppressProbes = NonZeroTime(m->timenow + probedelay);

		for (q = m->Questions; q; q=q->next)								// Scan our list of questions
			if (mDNSOpaque16IsZero(q->TargetQID))
				if (!q->InterfaceID || q->InterfaceID == set->InterfaceID)		// If non-specific Q, or Q on this specific interface,
					{															// then reactivate this question
					// If flapping, delay between first and second queries is nine seconds instead of one second
					mDNSBool dodelay = flapping && (q->FlappingInterface1 == set->InterfaceID || q->FlappingInterface2 == set->InterfaceID);
					mDNSs32 initial  = dodelay ? InitialQuestionInterval * QuestionIntervalStep2 : InitialQuestionInterval;
					mDNSs32 qdelay   = dodelay ? mDNSPlatformOneSecond * 5 : 0;
					if (dodelay) LogInfo("No cache records expired for %##s (%s); okay to delay questions a little", q->qname.c, DNSTypeName(q->qtype));
						
					if (!q->ThisQInterval || q->ThisQInterval > initial)
						{
						q->ThisQInterval = initial;
						q->RequestUnicast = 2; // Set to 2 because is decremented once *before* we check it
						}
					q->LastQTime = m->timenow - q->ThisQInterval + qdelay;
					q->RecentAnswerPkts = 0;
					SetNextQueryTime(m,q);
					}
		
		// For all our non-specific authoritative resource records (and any dormant records specific to this interface)
		// we now need them to re-probe if necessary, and then re-announce.
		for (rr = m->ResourceRecords; rr; rr=rr->next)
			if (!AuthRecord_uDNS(rr))
				if (!rr->resrec.InterfaceID || rr->resrec.InterfaceID == set->InterfaceID)
					{
					if (rr->resrec.RecordType == kDNSRecordTypeVerified && !rr->DependentOn) rr->resrec.RecordType = kDNSRecordTypeUnique;
					rr->ProbeCount     = DefaultProbeCountForRecordType(rr->resrec.RecordType);
					if (rr->AnnounceCount < numannounce) rr->AnnounceCount  = numannounce;
					rr->SendNSECNow    = mDNSNULL;
					InitializeLastAPTime(m, rr);
					}
		}

	RestartRecordGetZoneData(m);

	CheckSuppressUnusableQuestions(m);

	mDNS_UpdateAllowSleep(m);

	mDNS_Unlock(m);
	return(mStatus_NoError);
	}

// Note: mDNS_DeregisterInterface calls mDNS_Deregister_internal which can call a user callback, which may change
// the record list and/or question list.
// Any code walking either list must use the CurrentQuestion and/or CurrentRecord mechanism to protect against this.
mDNSexport void mDNS_DeregisterInterface(mDNS *const m, NetworkInterfaceInfo *set, mDNSBool flapping)
	{
	NetworkInterfaceInfo **p = &m->HostInterfaces;
	
	mDNSBool revalidate = mDNSfalse;
	// If this platform has the "phantom interfaces" known bug (e.g. Jaguar), we have to revalidate records every
	// time an interface goes away. Otherwise, when you disconnect the Ethernet cable, the system reports that it
	// still has an IPv6 address, and if we don't revalidate those records don't get deleted in a timely fashion.
	if (m->KnownBugs & mDNS_KnownBug_PhantomInterfaces) revalidate = mDNStrue;

	mDNS_Lock(m);

	// Find this record in our list
	while (*p && *p != set) p=&(*p)->next;
	if (!*p) { debugf("mDNS_DeregisterInterface: NetworkInterfaceInfo not found in list"); mDNS_Unlock(m); return; }

	mDNS_DeactivateNetWake_internal(m, set);

	// Unlink this record from our list
	*p = (*p)->next;
	set->next = mDNSNULL;

	if (!set->InterfaceActive)
		{
		// If this interface not the active member of its set, update the v4/v6Available flags for the active member
		NetworkInterfaceInfo *intf;
		for (intf = m->HostInterfaces; intf; intf = intf->next)
			if (intf->InterfaceActive && intf->InterfaceID == set->InterfaceID)
				UpdateInterfaceProtocols(m, intf);
		}
	else
		{
		NetworkInterfaceInfo *intf = FirstInterfaceForID(m, set->InterfaceID);
		if (intf)
			{
			LogInfo("mDNS_DeregisterInterface: Another representative of InterfaceID %p %s (%#a) exists;"
				" making it active", set->InterfaceID, set->ifname, &set->ip);
			if (intf->InterfaceActive)
				LogMsg("mDNS_DeregisterInterface: ERROR intf->InterfaceActive already set for %s (%#a)", set->ifname, &set->ip);
			intf->InterfaceActive = mDNStrue;
			UpdateInterfaceProtocols(m, intf);

			if (intf->NetWake) mDNS_ActivateNetWake_internal(m, intf);
			
			// See if another representative *of the same type* exists. If not, we mave have gone from
			// dual-stack to v6-only (or v4-only) so we need to reconfirm which records are still valid.
			for (intf = m->HostInterfaces; intf; intf = intf->next)
				if (intf->InterfaceID == set->InterfaceID && intf->ip.type == set->ip.type)
					break;
			if (!intf) revalidate = mDNStrue;
			}
		else
			{
			mDNSu32 slot;
			CacheGroup *cg;
			CacheRecord *rr;
			DNSQuestion *q;
			DNSServer *s;

			LogInfo("mDNS_DeregisterInterface: Last representative of InterfaceID %p %s (%#a) deregistered;"
				" marking questions etc. dormant", set->InterfaceID, set->ifname, &set->ip);

			if (set->McastTxRx && flapping)
				LogMsg("DeregisterInterface: Frequent transitions for interface %s (%#a)", set->ifname, &set->ip);

			// 1. Deactivate any questions specific to this interface, and tag appropriate questions
			// so that mDNS_RegisterInterface() knows how swiftly it needs to reactivate them
			for (q = m->Questions; q; q=q->next)
				{
				if (q->InterfaceID == set->InterfaceID) q->ThisQInterval = 0;
				if (!q->InterfaceID || q->InterfaceID == set->InterfaceID)
					{
					q->FlappingInterface2 = q->FlappingInterface1;
					q->FlappingInterface1 = set->InterfaceID;		// Keep history of the last two interfaces to go away
					}
				}

			// 2. Flush any cache records received on this interface
			revalidate = mDNSfalse;		// Don't revalidate if we're flushing the records
			FORALL_CACHERECORDS(slot, cg, rr)
				if (rr->resrec.InterfaceID == set->InterfaceID)
					{
					// If this interface is deemed flapping,
					// postpone deleting the cache records in case the interface comes back again
					if (set->McastTxRx && flapping)
						{
						// For a flapping interface we want these record to go away after 30 seconds
						mDNS_Reconfirm_internal(m, rr, kDefaultReconfirmTimeForFlappingInterface);
						// We set UnansweredQueries = MaxUnansweredQueries so we don't waste time doing any queries for them --
						// if the interface does come back, any relevant questions will be reactivated anyway
						rr->UnansweredQueries = MaxUnansweredQueries;
						}
					else
						mDNS_PurgeCacheResourceRecord(m, rr);
					}

			// 3. Any DNS servers specific to this interface are now unusable
			for (s = m->DNSServers; s; s = s->next)
				if (s->interface == set->InterfaceID)
					{
					s->interface = mDNSInterface_Any;
					s->teststate = DNSServer_Disabled;
					}
			}
		}

	// If we were advertising on this interface, deregister those address and reverse-lookup records now
	if (set->Advertise) DeadvertiseInterface(m, set);

	// If we have any cache records received on this interface that went away, then re-verify them.
	// In some versions of OS X the IPv6 address remains on an interface even when the interface is turned off,
	// giving the false impression that there's an active representative of this interface when there really isn't.
	// Don't need to do this when shutting down, because *all* interfaces are about to go away
	if (revalidate && !m->ShutdownTime)
		{
		mDNSu32 slot;
		CacheGroup *cg;
		CacheRecord *rr;
		FORALL_CACHERECORDS(slot, cg, rr)
			if (rr->resrec.InterfaceID == set->InterfaceID)
				mDNS_Reconfirm_internal(m, rr, kDefaultReconfirmTimeForFlappingInterface);
		}

	CheckSuppressUnusableQuestions(m);

	mDNS_UpdateAllowSleep(m);

	mDNS_Unlock(m);
	}

mDNSlocal void ServiceCallback(mDNS *const m, AuthRecord *const rr, mStatus result)
	{
	ServiceRecordSet *sr = (ServiceRecordSet *)rr->RecordContext;
	(void)m;	// Unused parameter

	#if MDNS_DEBUGMSGS
		{
		char *msg = "Unknown result";
		if      (result == mStatus_NoError)      msg = "Name Registered";
		else if (result == mStatus_NameConflict) msg = "Name Conflict";
		else if (result == mStatus_MemFree)      msg = "Memory Free";
		debugf("ServiceCallback: %##s (%s) %s (%d)", rr->resrec.name->c, DNSTypeName(rr->resrec.rrtype), msg, result);
		}
	#endif

	// Only pass on the NoError acknowledgement for the SRV record (when it finishes probing)
	if (result == mStatus_NoError && rr != &sr->RR_SRV) return;

	// If we got a name conflict on either SRV or TXT, forcibly deregister this service, and record that we did that
	if (result == mStatus_NameConflict)
		{
		sr->Conflict = mDNStrue;				// Record that this service set had a conflict
		mDNS_DeregisterService(m, sr);			// Unlink the records from our list
		return;
		}
	
	if (result == mStatus_MemFree)
		{
		// If the SRV/TXT/PTR records, or the _services._dns-sd._udp record, or any of the subtype PTR records,
		// are still in the process of deregistering, don't pass on the NameConflict/MemFree message until
		// every record is finished cleaning up.
		mDNSu32 i;
		ExtraResourceRecord *e = sr->Extras;

		if (sr->RR_SRV.resrec.RecordType != kDNSRecordTypeUnregistered) return;
		if (sr->RR_TXT.resrec.RecordType != kDNSRecordTypeUnregistered) return;
		if (sr->RR_PTR.resrec.RecordType != kDNSRecordTypeUnregistered) return;
		if (sr->RR_ADV.resrec.RecordType != kDNSRecordTypeUnregistered) return;
		for (i=0; i<sr->NumSubTypes; i++) if (sr->SubTypes[i].resrec.RecordType != kDNSRecordTypeUnregistered) return;

		while (e)
			{
			if (e->r.resrec.RecordType != kDNSRecordTypeUnregistered) return;
			e = e->next;
			}

		// If this ServiceRecordSet was forcibly deregistered, and now its memory is ready for reuse,
		// then we can now report the NameConflict to the client
		if (sr->Conflict) result = mStatus_NameConflict;

		}

	LogInfo("ServiceCallback: All records %s for %##s", (result == mStatus_MemFree ? "Unregistered": "Registered"), sr->RR_PTR.resrec.name->c);
	// CAUTION: MUST NOT do anything more with sr after calling sr->Callback(), because the client's callback
	// function is allowed to do anything, including deregistering this service and freeing its memory.
	if (sr->ServiceCallback)
		sr->ServiceCallback(m, sr, result);
	}

mDNSlocal void NSSCallback(mDNS *const m, AuthRecord *const rr, mStatus result)
	{
	ServiceRecordSet *sr = (ServiceRecordSet *)rr->RecordContext;
	if (sr->ServiceCallback)
		sr->ServiceCallback(m, sr, result);
	}

// Note:
// Name is first label of domain name (any dots in the name are actual dots, not label separators)
// Type is service type (e.g. "_ipp._tcp.")
// Domain is fully qualified domain name (i.e. ending with a null label)
// We always register a TXT, even if it is empty (so that clients are not
// left waiting forever looking for a nonexistent record.)
// If the host parameter is mDNSNULL or the root domain (ASCII NUL),
// then the default host name (m->MulticastHostname) is automatically used
// If the optional target host parameter is set, then the storage it points to must remain valid for the lifetime of the service registration
mDNSexport mStatus mDNS_RegisterService(mDNS *const m, ServiceRecordSet *sr,
	const domainlabel *const name, const domainname *const type, const domainname *const domain,
	const domainname *const host, mDNSIPPort port, const mDNSu8 txtinfo[], mDNSu16 txtlen,
	AuthRecord *SubTypes, mDNSu32 NumSubTypes,
	const mDNSInterfaceID InterfaceID, mDNSServiceCallback Callback, void *Context)
	{
	mStatus err;
	mDNSu32 i;

	sr->ServiceCallback = Callback;
	sr->ServiceContext  = Context;
	sr->Conflict        = mDNSfalse;

	sr->Extras          = mDNSNULL;
	sr->NumSubTypes     = NumSubTypes;
	sr->SubTypes        = SubTypes;
	
	// Initialize the AuthRecord objects to sane values
	// Need to initialize everything correctly *before* making the decision whether to do a RegisterNoSuchService and bail out
	mDNS_SetupResourceRecord(&sr->RR_ADV, mDNSNULL, InterfaceID, kDNSType_PTR, kStandardTTL, kDNSRecordTypeAdvisory, ServiceCallback, sr);
	mDNS_SetupResourceRecord(&sr->RR_PTR, mDNSNULL, InterfaceID, kDNSType_PTR, kStandardTTL, kDNSRecordTypeShared,   ServiceCallback, sr);
	mDNS_SetupResourceRecord(&sr->RR_SRV, mDNSNULL, InterfaceID, kDNSType_SRV, kHostNameTTL, kDNSRecordTypeUnique,   ServiceCallback, sr);
	mDNS_SetupResourceRecord(&sr->RR_TXT, mDNSNULL, InterfaceID, kDNSType_TXT, kStandardTTL, kDNSRecordTypeUnique,   ServiceCallback, sr);

	// If port number is zero, that means the client is really trying to do a RegisterNoSuchService
	if (mDNSIPPortIsZero(port))
		return(mDNS_RegisterNoSuchService(m, &sr->RR_SRV, name, type, domain, mDNSNULL, mDNSInterface_Any, NSSCallback, sr));

	// If the client is registering an oversized TXT record,
	// it is the client's responsibility to alloate a ServiceRecordSet structure that is large enough for it
	if (sr->RR_TXT.resrec.rdata->MaxRDLength < txtlen)
		sr->RR_TXT.resrec.rdata->MaxRDLength = txtlen;

	// Set up the record names
	// For now we only create an advisory record for the main type, not for subtypes
	// We need to gain some operational experience before we decide if there's a need to create them for subtypes too
	if (ConstructServiceName(&sr->RR_ADV.namestorage, (const domainlabel*)"\x09_services", (const domainname*)"\x07_dns-sd\x04_udp", domain) == mDNSNULL)
		return(mStatus_BadParamErr);
	if (ConstructServiceName(&sr->RR_PTR.namestorage, mDNSNULL, type, domain) == mDNSNULL) return(mStatus_BadParamErr);
	if (ConstructServiceName(&sr->RR_SRV.namestorage, name,     type, domain) == mDNSNULL) return(mStatus_BadParamErr);
	AssignDomainName(&sr->RR_TXT.namestorage, sr->RR_SRV.resrec.name);
	
	// 1. Set up the ADV record rdata to advertise our service type
	AssignDomainName(&sr->RR_ADV.resrec.rdata->u.name, sr->RR_PTR.resrec.name);

	// 2. Set up the PTR record rdata to point to our service name
	// We set up two additionals, so when a client asks for this PTR we automatically send the SRV and the TXT too
	// Note: uDNS registration code assumes that Additional1 points to the SRV record
	AssignDomainName(&sr->RR_PTR.resrec.rdata->u.name, sr->RR_SRV.resrec.name);
	sr->RR_PTR.Additional1 = &sr->RR_SRV;
	sr->RR_PTR.Additional2 = &sr->RR_TXT;

	// 2a. Set up any subtype PTRs to point to our service name
	// If the client is using subtypes, it is the client's responsibility to have
	// already set the first label of the record name to the subtype being registered
	for (i=0; i<NumSubTypes; i++)
		{
		domainname st;
		AssignDomainName(&st, sr->SubTypes[i].resrec.name);
		st.c[1+st.c[0]] = 0;			// Only want the first label, not the whole FQDN (particularly for mDNS_RenameAndReregisterService())
		AppendDomainName(&st, type);
		mDNS_SetupResourceRecord(&sr->SubTypes[i], mDNSNULL, InterfaceID, kDNSType_PTR, kStandardTTL, kDNSRecordTypeShared, ServiceCallback, sr);
		if (ConstructServiceName(&sr->SubTypes[i].namestorage, mDNSNULL, &st, domain) == mDNSNULL) return(mStatus_BadParamErr);
		AssignDomainName(&sr->SubTypes[i].resrec.rdata->u.name, &sr->RR_SRV.namestorage);
		sr->SubTypes[i].Additional1 = &sr->RR_SRV;
		sr->SubTypes[i].Additional2 = &sr->RR_TXT;
		}

	// 3. Set up the SRV record rdata.
	sr->RR_SRV.resrec.rdata->u.srv.priority = 0;
	sr->RR_SRV.resrec.rdata->u.srv.weight   = 0;
	sr->RR_SRV.resrec.rdata->u.srv.port     = port;

	// Setting AutoTarget tells DNS that the target of this SRV is to be automatically kept in sync with our host name
	if (host && host->c[0]) AssignDomainName(&sr->RR_SRV.resrec.rdata->u.srv.target, host);
	else { sr->RR_SRV.AutoTarget = Target_AutoHost; sr->RR_SRV.resrec.rdata->u.srv.target.c[0] = '\0'; }

	// 4. Set up the TXT record rdata,
	// and set DependentOn because we're depending on the SRV record to find and resolve conflicts for us
	// Note: uDNS registration code assumes that DependentOn points to the SRV record
	if (txtinfo == mDNSNULL) sr->RR_TXT.resrec.rdlength = 0;
	else if (txtinfo != sr->RR_TXT.resrec.rdata->u.txt.c)
		{
		sr->RR_TXT.resrec.rdlength = txtlen;
		if (sr->RR_TXT.resrec.rdlength > sr->RR_TXT.resrec.rdata->MaxRDLength) return(mStatus_BadParamErr);
		mDNSPlatformMemCopy(sr->RR_TXT.resrec.rdata->u.txt.c, txtinfo, txtlen);
		}
	sr->RR_TXT.DependentOn = &sr->RR_SRV;

	mDNS_Lock(m);
	// It is important that we register SRV first. uDNS assumes that SRV is registered first so
	// that if the SRV cannot find a target, rest of the records that belong to this service
	// will not be activated.
	err = mDNS_Register_internal(m, &sr->RR_SRV);
	if (!err) err = mDNS_Register_internal(m, &sr->RR_TXT);
	// We register the RR_PTR last, because we want to be sure that in the event of a forced call to
	// mDNS_StartExit, the RR_PTR will be the last one to be forcibly deregistered, since that is what triggers
	// the mStatus_MemFree callback to ServiceCallback, which in turn passes on the mStatus_MemFree back to
	// the client callback, which is then at liberty to free the ServiceRecordSet memory at will. We need to
	// make sure we've deregistered all our records and done any other necessary cleanup before that happens.
	if (!err) err = mDNS_Register_internal(m, &sr->RR_ADV);
	for (i=0; i<NumSubTypes; i++) if (!err) err = mDNS_Register_internal(m, &sr->SubTypes[i]);
	if (!err) err = mDNS_Register_internal(m, &sr->RR_PTR);

	mDNS_Unlock(m);
	
	if (err) mDNS_DeregisterService(m, sr);
	return(err);
	}

mDNSexport mStatus mDNS_AddRecordToService(mDNS *const m, ServiceRecordSet *sr,
	ExtraResourceRecord *extra, RData *rdata, mDNSu32 ttl)
	{
	ExtraResourceRecord **e;
	mStatus status;

	extra->next = mDNSNULL;
	mDNS_SetupResourceRecord(&extra->r, rdata, sr->RR_PTR.resrec.InterfaceID,
		extra->r.resrec.rrtype, ttl, kDNSRecordTypeUnique, ServiceCallback, sr);
	AssignDomainName(&extra->r.namestorage, sr->RR_SRV.resrec.name);
	
	mDNS_Lock(m);
	e = &sr->Extras;
	while (*e) e = &(*e)->next;

	if (ttl == 0) ttl = kStandardTTL;

	extra->r.DependentOn = &sr->RR_SRV;

	debugf("mDNS_AddRecordToService adding record to %##s %s %d",
		extra->r.resrec.name->c, DNSTypeName(extra->r.resrec.rrtype), extra->r.resrec.rdlength);

	status = mDNS_Register_internal(m, &extra->r);
	if (status == mStatus_NoError) *e = extra;

	mDNS_Unlock(m);
	return(status);
	}

mDNSexport mStatus mDNS_RemoveRecordFromService(mDNS *const m, ServiceRecordSet *sr, ExtraResourceRecord *extra,
	mDNSRecordCallback MemFreeCallback, void *Context)
	{
	ExtraResourceRecord **e;
	mStatus status;

	mDNS_Lock(m);
	e = &sr->Extras;
	while (*e && *e != extra) e = &(*e)->next;
	if (!*e)
		{
		debugf("mDNS_RemoveRecordFromService failed to remove record from %##s", extra->r.resrec.name->c);
		status = mStatus_BadReferenceErr;
		}
	else
		{
		debugf("mDNS_RemoveRecordFromService removing record from %##s", extra->r.resrec.name->c);
		extra->r.RecordCallback = MemFreeCallback;
		extra->r.RecordContext  = Context;
		*e = (*e)->next;
		status = mDNS_Deregister_internal(m, &extra->r, mDNS_Dereg_normal);
		}
	mDNS_Unlock(m);
	return(status);
	}

mDNSexport mStatus mDNS_RenameAndReregisterService(mDNS *const m, ServiceRecordSet *const sr, const domainlabel *newname)
	{
	// Note: Don't need to use mDNS_Lock(m) here, because this code is just using public routines
	// mDNS_RegisterService() and mDNS_AddRecordToService(), which do the right locking internally.
	domainlabel name1, name2;
	domainname type, domain;
	const domainname *host = sr->RR_SRV.AutoTarget ? mDNSNULL : &sr->RR_SRV.resrec.rdata->u.srv.target;
	ExtraResourceRecord *extras = sr->Extras;
	mStatus err;

	DeconstructServiceName(sr->RR_SRV.resrec.name, &name1, &type, &domain);
	if (!newname)
		{
		name2 = name1;
		IncrementLabelSuffix(&name2, mDNStrue);
		newname = &name2;
		}
	
	if (SameDomainName(&domain, &localdomain))
		debugf("%##s service renamed from \"%#s\" to \"%#s\"", type.c, name1.c, newname->c);
	else debugf("%##s service (domain %##s) renamed from \"%#s\" to \"%#s\"",type.c, domain.c, name1.c, newname->c);

	err = mDNS_RegisterService(m, sr, newname, &type, &domain,
		host, sr->RR_SRV.resrec.rdata->u.srv.port, sr->RR_TXT.resrec.rdata->u.txt.c, sr->RR_TXT.resrec.rdlength,
		sr->SubTypes, sr->NumSubTypes,
		sr->RR_PTR.resrec.InterfaceID, sr->ServiceCallback, sr->ServiceContext);

	// mDNS_RegisterService() just reset sr->Extras to NULL.
	// Fortunately we already grabbed ourselves a copy of this pointer (above), so we can now run
	// through the old list of extra records, and re-add them to our freshly created service registration
	while (!err && extras)
		{
		ExtraResourceRecord *e = extras;
		extras = extras->next;
		err = mDNS_AddRecordToService(m, sr, e, e->r.resrec.rdata, e->r.resrec.rroriginalttl);
		}
	
	return(err);
	}

// Note: mDNS_DeregisterService calls mDNS_Deregister_internal which can call a user callback,
// which may change the record list and/or question list.
// Any code walking either list must use the CurrentQuestion and/or CurrentRecord mechanism to protect against this.
mDNSexport mStatus mDNS_DeregisterService_drt(mDNS *const m, ServiceRecordSet *sr, mDNS_Dereg_type drt)
	{
	// If port number is zero, that means this was actually registered using mDNS_RegisterNoSuchService()
	if (mDNSIPPortIsZero(sr->RR_SRV.resrec.rdata->u.srv.port)) return(mDNS_DeregisterNoSuchService(m, &sr->RR_SRV));

	if (sr->RR_PTR.resrec.RecordType == kDNSRecordTypeUnregistered)
		{
		debugf("Service set for %##s already deregistered", sr->RR_SRV.resrec.name->c);
		return(mStatus_BadReferenceErr);
		}
	else if (sr->RR_PTR.resrec.RecordType == kDNSRecordTypeDeregistering)
		{
		LogInfo("Service set for %##s already in the process of deregistering", sr->RR_SRV.resrec.name->c);
		// Avoid race condition:
		// If a service gets a conflict, then we set the Conflict flag to tell us to generate
		// an mStatus_NameConflict message when we get the mStatus_MemFree for our PTR record.
		// If the client happens to deregister the service in the middle of that process, then
		// we clear the flag back to the normal state, so that we deliver a plain mStatus_MemFree
		// instead of incorrectly promoting it to mStatus_NameConflict.
		// This race condition is exposed particularly when the conformance test generates
		// a whole batch of simultaneous conflicts across a range of services all advertised
		// using the same system default name, and if we don't take this precaution then
		// we end up incrementing m->nicelabel multiple times instead of just once.
		// <rdar://problem/4060169> Bug when auto-renaming Computer Name after name collision
		sr->Conflict = mDNSfalse;
		return(mStatus_NoError);
		}
	else
		{
		mDNSu32 i;
		mStatus status;
		ExtraResourceRecord *e;
		mDNS_Lock(m);
		e = sr->Extras;
	
		// We use mDNS_Dereg_repeat because, in the event of a collision, some or all of the
		// SRV, TXT, or Extra records could have already been automatically deregistered, and that's okay
		mDNS_Deregister_internal(m, &sr->RR_SRV, mDNS_Dereg_repeat);
		mDNS_Deregister_internal(m, &sr->RR_TXT, mDNS_Dereg_repeat);
		
		mDNS_Deregister_internal(m, &sr->RR_ADV, drt);
	
		// We deregister all of the extra records, but we leave the sr->Extras list intact
		// in case the client wants to do a RenameAndReregister and reinstate the registration
		while (e)
			{
			mDNS_Deregister_internal(m, &e->r, mDNS_Dereg_repeat);
			e = e->next;
			}

		for (i=0; i<sr->NumSubTypes; i++)
			mDNS_Deregister_internal(m, &sr->SubTypes[i], drt);

		status = mDNS_Deregister_internal(m, &sr->RR_PTR, drt);
		mDNS_Unlock(m);
		return(status);
		}
	}

// Create a registration that asserts that no such service exists with this name.
// This can be useful where there is a given function is available through several protocols.
// For example, a printer called "Stuart's Printer" may implement printing via the "pdl-datastream" and "IPP"
// protocols, but not via "LPR". In this case it would be prudent for the printer to assert the non-existence of an
// "LPR" service called "Stuart's Printer". Without this precaution, another printer than offers only "LPR" printing
// could inadvertently advertise its service under the same name "Stuart's Printer", which might be confusing for users.
mDNSexport mStatus mDNS_RegisterNoSuchService(mDNS *const m, AuthRecord *const rr,
	const domainlabel *const name, const domainname *const type, const domainname *const domain,
	const domainname *const host,
	const mDNSInterfaceID InterfaceID, mDNSRecordCallback Callback, void *Context)
	{
	mDNS_SetupResourceRecord(rr, mDNSNULL, InterfaceID, kDNSType_SRV, kHostNameTTL, kDNSRecordTypeUnique, Callback, Context);
	if (ConstructServiceName(&rr->namestorage, name, type, domain) == mDNSNULL) return(mStatus_BadParamErr);
	rr->resrec.rdata->u.srv.priority    = 0;
	rr->resrec.rdata->u.srv.weight      = 0;
	rr->resrec.rdata->u.srv.port        = zeroIPPort;
	if (host && host->c[0]) AssignDomainName(&rr->resrec.rdata->u.srv.target, host);
	else rr->AutoTarget = Target_AutoHost;
	return(mDNS_Register(m, rr));
	}

mDNSexport mStatus mDNS_AdvertiseDomains(mDNS *const m, AuthRecord *rr,
	mDNS_DomainType DomainType, const mDNSInterfaceID InterfaceID, char *domname)
	{
	mDNS_SetupResourceRecord(rr, mDNSNULL, InterfaceID, kDNSType_PTR, kStandardTTL, kDNSRecordTypeShared, mDNSNULL, mDNSNULL);
	if (!MakeDomainNameFromDNSNameString(&rr->namestorage, mDNS_DomainTypeNames[DomainType])) return(mStatus_BadParamErr);
	if (!MakeDomainNameFromDNSNameString(&rr->resrec.rdata->u.name, domname))                 return(mStatus_BadParamErr);
	return(mDNS_Register(m, rr));
	}
	
mDNSlocal mDNSBool mDNS_IdUsedInResourceRecordsList(mDNS * const m, mDNSOpaque16 id)
	{
	AuthRecord *r;
	for (r = m->ResourceRecords; r; r=r->next) if (mDNSSameOpaque16(id, r->updateid)) return mDNStrue;
	return mDNSfalse;
	}
	
mDNSlocal mDNSBool mDNS_IdUsedInQuestionsList(mDNS * const m, mDNSOpaque16 id)
	{
	DNSQuestion *q;
	for (q = m->Questions; q; q=q->next) if (mDNSSameOpaque16(id, q->TargetQID)) return mDNStrue;
	return mDNSfalse;
	}
	
mDNSexport mDNSOpaque16 mDNS_NewMessageID(mDNS * const m)
	{
	mDNSOpaque16 id;
	int i;

	for (i=0; i<10; i++)
		{
		id = mDNSOpaque16fromIntVal(1 + (mDNSu16)mDNSRandom(0xFFFE));
		if (!mDNS_IdUsedInResourceRecordsList(m, id) && !mDNS_IdUsedInQuestionsList(m, id)) break;
		}
		
	debugf("mDNS_NewMessageID: %5d", mDNSVal16(id));

	return id;
	}

// ***************************************************************************
#if COMPILER_LIKES_PRAGMA_MARK
#pragma mark -
#pragma mark - Sleep Proxy Server
#endif

mDNSlocal void RestartARPProbing(mDNS *const m, AuthRecord *const rr)
	{
	// If we see an ARP from a machine we think is sleeping, then either
	// (i) the machine has woken, or
	// (ii) it's just a stray old packet from before the machine slept
	// To handle the second case, we reset ProbeCount, so we'll suppress our own answers for a while, to avoid
	// generating ARP conflicts with a waking machine, and set rr->LastAPTime so we'll start probing again in 10 seconds.
	// If the machine has just woken then we'll discard our records when we see the first new mDNS probe from that machine.
	// If it was a stray old packet, then after 10 seconds we'll probe again and then start answering ARPs again. In this case we *do*
	// need to send new ARP Announcements, because the owner's ARP broadcasts will have updated neighboring ARP caches, so we need to
	// re-assert our (temporary) ownership of that IP address in order to receive subsequent packets addressed to that IPv4 address.
	
	rr->resrec.RecordType = kDNSRecordTypeUnique;
	rr->ProbeCount        = DefaultProbeCountForTypeUnique;

	// If we haven't started announcing yet (and we're not already in ten-second-delay mode) the machine is probably
	// still going to sleep, so we just reset rr->ProbeCount so we'll continue probing until it stops responding.
	// If we *have* started announcing, the machine is probably in the process of waking back up, so in that case
	// we're more cautious and we wait ten seconds before probing it again. We do this because while waking from
	// sleep, some network interfaces tend to lose or delay inbound packets, and without this delay, if the waking machine
	// didn't answer our three probes within three seconds then we'd announce and cause it an unnecessary address conflict.
	if (rr->AnnounceCount == InitialAnnounceCount && m->timenow - rr->LastAPTime >= 0)
		InitializeLastAPTime(m, rr);
	else
		{
		rr->AnnounceCount  = InitialAnnounceCount;
		rr->ThisAPInterval = mDNSPlatformOneSecond;
		rr->LastAPTime     = m->timenow + mDNSPlatformOneSecond * 9;	// Send first packet at rr->LastAPTime + rr->ThisAPInterval, i.e. 10 seconds from now
		SetNextAnnounceProbeTime(m, rr);
		}
	}

mDNSlocal void mDNSCoreReceiveRawARP(mDNS *const m, const ARP_EthIP *const arp, const mDNSInterfaceID InterfaceID)
	{
	static const mDNSOpaque16 ARP_op_request = { { 0, 1 } };
	AuthRecord *rr;
	NetworkInterfaceInfo *intf = FirstInterfaceForID(m, InterfaceID);
	if (!intf) return;

	mDNS_Lock(m);

	// Pass 1:
	// Process ARP Requests and Probes (but not Announcements), and generate an ARP Reply if necessary.
	// We also process ARPs from our own kernel (and 'answer' them by injecting a local ARP table entry)
	// We ignore ARP Announcements here -- Announcements are not questions, they're assertions, so we don't need to answer them.
	// The times we might need to react to an ARP Announcement are:
	// (i) as an indication that the host in question has not gone to sleep yet (so we should delay beginning to proxy for it) or
	// (ii) if it's a conflicting Announcement from another host
	// -- and we check for these in Pass 2 below.
	if (mDNSSameOpaque16(arp->op, ARP_op_request) && !mDNSSameIPv4Address(arp->spa, arp->tpa))
		{
		for (rr = m->ResourceRecords; rr; rr=rr->next)
			if (rr->resrec.InterfaceID == InterfaceID && rr->resrec.RecordType != kDNSRecordTypeDeregistering &&
				rr->AddressProxy.type == mDNSAddrType_IPv4 && mDNSSameIPv4Address(rr->AddressProxy.ip.v4, arp->tpa))
				{
				static const char msg1[] = "ARP Req from owner -- re-probing";
				static const char msg2[] = "Ignoring  ARP Request from      ";
				static const char msg3[] = "Creating Local ARP Cache entry  ";
				static const char msg4[] = "Answering ARP Request from      ";
				const char *const msg = mDNSSameEthAddress(&arp->sha, &rr->WakeUp.IMAC) ? msg1 :
										(rr->AnnounceCount == InitialAnnounceCount)     ? msg2 :
										mDNSSameEthAddress(&arp->sha, &intf->MAC)       ? msg3 : msg4;
				LogSPS("%-7s %s %.6a %.4a for %.4a -- H-MAC %.6a I-MAC %.6a %s",
					intf->ifname, msg, &arp->sha, &arp->spa, &arp->tpa, &rr->WakeUp.HMAC, &rr->WakeUp.IMAC, ARDisplayString(m, rr));
				if      (msg == msg1) RestartARPProbing(m, rr);
				else if (msg == msg3) mDNSPlatformSetLocalAddressCacheEntry(m, &rr->AddressProxy, &rr->WakeUp.IMAC, InterfaceID);
				else if (msg == msg4) SendARP(m, 2, rr, &arp->tpa, &arp->sha, &arp->spa, &arp->sha);
				}
		}

	// Pass 2:
	// For all types of ARP packet we check the Sender IP address to make sure it doesn't conflict with any AddressProxy record we're holding.
	// (Strictly speaking we're only checking Announcement/Request/Reply packets, since ARP Probes have zero Sender IP address,
	// so by definition (and by design) they can never conflict with any real (i.e. non-zero) IP address).
	// We ignore ARPs we sent ourselves (Sender MAC address is our MAC address) because our own proxy ARPs do not constitute a conflict that we need to handle.
	// If we see an apparently conflicting ARP, we check the sender hardware address:
	//   If the sender hardware address is the original owner this is benign, so we just suppress our own proxy answering for a while longer.
	//   If the sender hardware address is *not* the original owner, then this is a conflict, and we need to wake the sleeping machine to handle it.
	if (mDNSSameEthAddress(&arp->sha, &intf->MAC))
		debugf("ARP from self for %.4a", &arp->tpa);
	else
		{
		if (!mDNSSameIPv4Address(arp->spa, zerov4Addr))
			for (rr = m->ResourceRecords; rr; rr=rr->next)
				if (rr->resrec.InterfaceID == InterfaceID && rr->resrec.RecordType != kDNSRecordTypeDeregistering &&
					rr->AddressProxy.type == mDNSAddrType_IPv4 && mDNSSameIPv4Address(rr->AddressProxy.ip.v4, arp->spa))
					{
					RestartARPProbing(m, rr);
					if (mDNSSameEthAddress(&arp->sha, &rr->WakeUp.IMAC))
						LogSPS("%-7s ARP %s from owner %.6a %.4a for %-15.4a -- re-starting probing for %s", intf->ifname,
							mDNSSameIPv4Address(arp->spa, arp->tpa) ? "Announcement " : mDNSSameOpaque16(arp->op, ARP_op_request) ? "Request      " : "Response     ",
							&arp->sha, &arp->spa, &arp->tpa, ARDisplayString(m, rr));
					else
						{
						LogMsg("%-7s Conflicting ARP from %.6a %.4a for %.4a -- waking H-MAC %.6a I-MAC %.6a %s", intf->ifname,
							&arp->sha, &arp->spa, &arp->tpa, &rr->WakeUp.HMAC, &rr->WakeUp.IMAC, ARDisplayString(m, rr));
						ScheduleWakeup(m, rr->resrec.InterfaceID, &rr->WakeUp.HMAC);
						}
					}
		}

	mDNS_Unlock(m);
	}

/*
// Option 1 is Source Link Layer Address Option
// Option 2 is Target Link Layer Address Option
mDNSlocal const mDNSEthAddr *GetLinkLayerAddressOption(const IPv6NDP *const ndp, const mDNSu8 *const end, mDNSu8 op)
	{
	const mDNSu8 *options = (mDNSu8 *)(ndp+1);
	while (options < end)
		{
		debugf("NDP Option %02X len %2d %d", options[0], options[1], end - options);
		if (options[0] == op && options[1] == 1) return (const mDNSEthAddr*)(options+2);
		options += options[1] * 8;
		}
	return mDNSNULL;
	}
*/

mDNSlocal void mDNSCoreReceiveRawND(mDNS *const m, const mDNSEthAddr *const sha, const mDNSv6Addr *spa,
	const IPv6NDP *const ndp, const mDNSu8 *const end, const mDNSInterfaceID InterfaceID)
	{
	AuthRecord *rr;
	NetworkInterfaceInfo *intf = FirstInterfaceForID(m, InterfaceID);
	if (!intf) return;

	mDNS_Lock(m);

	// Pass 1: Process Neighbor Solicitations, and generate a Neighbor Advertisement if necessary.
	if (ndp->type == NDP_Sol)
		{
		//const mDNSEthAddr *const sha = GetLinkLayerAddressOption(ndp, end, NDP_SrcLL);
		(void)end;
		for (rr = m->ResourceRecords; rr; rr=rr->next)
			if (rr->resrec.InterfaceID == InterfaceID && rr->resrec.RecordType != kDNSRecordTypeDeregistering &&
				rr->AddressProxy.type == mDNSAddrType_IPv6 && mDNSSameIPv6Address(rr->AddressProxy.ip.v6, ndp->target))
				{
				static const char msg1[] = "NDP Req from owner -- re-probing";
				static const char msg2[] = "Ignoring  NDP Request from      ";
				static const char msg3[] = "Creating Local NDP Cache entry  ";
				static const char msg4[] = "Answering NDP Request from      ";
				static const char msg5[] = "Answering NDP Probe   from      ";
				const char *const msg = sha && mDNSSameEthAddress(sha, &rr->WakeUp.IMAC) ? msg1 :
										(rr->AnnounceCount == InitialAnnounceCount)      ? msg2 :
										sha && mDNSSameEthAddress(sha, &intf->MAC)       ? msg3 :
										spa && mDNSIPv6AddressIsZero(*spa)               ? msg4 : msg5;
				LogSPS("%-7s %s %.6a %.16a for %.16a -- H-MAC %.6a I-MAC %.6a %s",
					intf->ifname, msg, sha, spa, &ndp->target, &rr->WakeUp.HMAC, &rr->WakeUp.IMAC, ARDisplayString(m, rr));
				if      (msg == msg1) RestartARPProbing(m, rr);
				else if (msg == msg3)
					{
					if (!(m->KnownBugs & mDNS_KnownBug_LimitedIPv6))
						mDNSPlatformSetLocalAddressCacheEntry(m, &rr->AddressProxy, &rr->WakeUp.IMAC, InterfaceID);
					}
				else if (msg == msg4) SendNDP(m, NDP_Adv, NDP_Solicited, rr, &ndp->target, mDNSNULL, spa,          sha             );
				else if (msg == msg5) SendNDP(m, NDP_Adv, 0,             rr, &ndp->target, mDNSNULL, &AllHosts_v6, &AllHosts_v6_Eth);
				}
		}

	// Pass 2: For all types of NDP packet we check the Sender IP address to make sure it doesn't conflict with any AddressProxy record we're holding.
	if (mDNSSameEthAddress(sha, &intf->MAC))
		debugf("NDP from self for %.16a", &ndp->target);
	else
		{
		// For Neighbor Advertisements we check the Target address field, not the actual IPv6 source address.
		// When a machine has both link-local and routable IPv6 addresses, it may send NDP packets making assertions
		// about its routable IPv6 address, using its link-local address as the source address for all NDP packets.
		// Hence it is the NDP target address we care about, not the actual packet source address.
		if (ndp->type == NDP_Adv) spa = &ndp->target;
		if (!mDNSSameIPv6Address(*spa, zerov6Addr))
			for (rr = m->ResourceRecords; rr; rr=rr->next)
				if (rr->resrec.InterfaceID == InterfaceID && rr->resrec.RecordType != kDNSRecordTypeDeregistering &&
					rr->AddressProxy.type == mDNSAddrType_IPv6 && mDNSSameIPv6Address(rr->AddressProxy.ip.v6, *spa))
					{
					RestartARPProbing(m, rr);
					if (mDNSSameEthAddress(sha, &rr->WakeUp.IMAC))
						LogSPS("%-7s NDP %s from owner %.6a %.16a for %.16a -- re-starting probing for %s", intf->ifname,
							ndp->type == NDP_Sol ? "Solicitation " : "Advertisement", sha, spa, &ndp->target, ARDisplayString(m, rr));
					else
						{
						LogMsg("%-7s Conflicting NDP from %.6a %.16a for %.16a -- waking H-MAC %.6a I-MAC %.6a %s", intf->ifname,
							sha, spa, &ndp->target, &rr->WakeUp.HMAC, &rr->WakeUp.IMAC, ARDisplayString(m, rr));
						ScheduleWakeup(m, rr->resrec.InterfaceID, &rr->WakeUp.HMAC);
						}
					}
		}

	mDNS_Unlock(m);
	}

mDNSlocal void mDNSCoreReceiveRawTransportPacket(mDNS *const m, const mDNSEthAddr *const sha, const mDNSAddr *const src, const mDNSAddr *const dst, const mDNSu8 protocol,
	const mDNSu8 *const p, const TransportLayerPacket *const t, const mDNSu8 *const end, const mDNSInterfaceID InterfaceID, const mDNSu16 len)
	{
	const mDNSIPPort port = (protocol == 0x06) ? t->tcp.dst : (protocol == 0x11) ? t->udp.dst : zeroIPPort;
	mDNSBool wake = mDNSfalse;

	switch (protocol)
		{
		#define XX wake ? "Received" : "Ignoring", end-p
		case 0x01:	LogSPS("Ignoring %d-byte ICMP from %#a to %#a", end-p, src, dst);
					break;

		case 0x06:	{
					#define SSH_AsNumber 22
					static const mDNSIPPort SSH = { { SSH_AsNumber >> 8, SSH_AsNumber & 0xFF } };

					// Plan to wake if
					// (a) RST is not set, AND
					// (b) packet is SYN, SYN+FIN, or plain data packet (no SYN or FIN). We won't wake for FIN alone.
					wake = (!(t->tcp.flags & 4) && (t->tcp.flags & 3) != 1);

					// For now, to reduce spurious wakeups, we wake only for TCP SYN,
					// except for ssh connections, where we'll wake for plain data packets too
					if (!mDNSSameIPPort(port, SSH) && !(t->tcp.flags & 2)) wake = mDNSfalse;

					LogSPS("%s %d-byte TCP from %#a:%d to %#a:%d%s%s%s", XX,
						src, mDNSVal16(t->tcp.src), dst, mDNSVal16(port),
						(t->tcp.flags & 2) ? " SYN" : "",
						(t->tcp.flags & 1) ? " FIN" : "",
						(t->tcp.flags & 4) ? " RST" : "");
					}
					break;

		case 0x11:	{
					#define ARD_AsNumber 3283
					static const mDNSIPPort ARD = { { ARD_AsNumber >> 8, ARD_AsNumber & 0xFF } };
					const mDNSu16 udplen = (mDNSu16)((mDNSu16)t->bytes[4] << 8 | t->bytes[5]);		// Length *including* 8-byte UDP header
					if (udplen >= sizeof(UDPHeader))
						{
						const mDNSu16 datalen = udplen - sizeof(UDPHeader);
						wake = mDNStrue;

						// For Back to My Mac UDP port 4500 (IPSEC) packets, we do some special handling
						if (mDNSSameIPPort(port, IPSECPort))
							{
							// Specifically ignore NAT keepalive packets
							if (datalen == 1 && end >= &t->bytes[9] && t->bytes[8] == 0xFF) wake = mDNSfalse;
							else
								{
								// Skip over the Non-ESP Marker if present
								const mDNSBool NonESP = (end >= &t->bytes[12] && t->bytes[8] == 0 && t->bytes[9] == 0 && t->bytes[10] == 0 && t->bytes[11] == 0);
								const IKEHeader *const ike    = (IKEHeader *)(t + (NonESP ? 12 : 8));
								const mDNSu16          ikelen = datalen - (NonESP ? 4 : 0);
								if (ikelen >= sizeof(IKEHeader) && end >= ((mDNSu8 *)ike) + sizeof(IKEHeader))
									if ((ike->Version & 0x10) == 0x10)
										{
										// ExchangeType ==  5 means 'Informational' <http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2408.txt>
										// ExchangeType == 34 means 'IKE_SA_INIT'   <http://www.iana.org/assignments/ikev2-parameters>
										if (ike->ExchangeType == 5 || ike->ExchangeType == 34) wake = mDNSfalse;
										LogSPS("%s %d-byte IKE ExchangeType %d", XX, ike->ExchangeType);
										}
								}
							}

						// For now, because we haven't yet worked out a clean elegant way to do this, we just special-case the
						// Apple Remote Desktop port number -- we ignore all packets to UDP 3283 (the "Net Assistant" port),
						// except for Apple Remote Desktop's explicit manual wakeup packet, which looks like this:
						// UDP header (8 bytes)
						// Payload: 13 88 00 6a 41 4e 41 20 (8 bytes) ffffffffffff (6 bytes) 16xMAC (96 bytes) = 110 bytes total
						if (mDNSSameIPPort(port, ARD)) wake = (datalen >= 110 && end >= &t->bytes[10] && t->bytes[8] == 0x13 && t->bytes[9] == 0x88);

						LogSPS("%s %d-byte UDP from %#a:%d to %#a:%d", XX, src, mDNSVal16(t->udp.src), dst, mDNSVal16(port));
						}
					}
					break;

		case 0x3A:	if (&t->bytes[len] <= end)
						{
						mDNSu16 checksum = IPv6CheckSum(&src->ip.v6, &dst->ip.v6, protocol, t->bytes, len);
						if (!checksum) mDNSCoreReceiveRawND(m, sha, &src->ip.v6, &t->ndp, &t->bytes[len], InterfaceID);
						else LogInfo("IPv6CheckSum bad %04X %02X%02X from %#a to %#a", checksum, t->bytes[2], t->bytes[3], src, dst);
						}
					break;

		default:	LogSPS("Ignoring %d-byte IP packet unknown protocol %d from %#a to %#a", end-p, protocol, src, dst);
					break;
		}

	if (wake)
		{
		AuthRecord *rr, *r2;

		mDNS_Lock(m);
		for (rr = m->ResourceRecords; rr; rr=rr->next)
			if (rr->resrec.InterfaceID == InterfaceID &&
				rr->resrec.RecordType != kDNSRecordTypeDeregistering &&
				rr->AddressProxy.type && mDNSSameAddress(&rr->AddressProxy, dst))
				{
				const mDNSu8 *const tp = (protocol == 6) ? (const mDNSu8 *)"\x4_tcp" : (const mDNSu8 *)"\x4_udp";
				for (r2 = m->ResourceRecords; r2; r2=r2->next)
					if (r2->resrec.InterfaceID == InterfaceID && mDNSSameEthAddress(&r2->WakeUp.HMAC, &rr->WakeUp.HMAC) &&
						r2->resrec.RecordType != kDNSRecordTypeDeregistering &&
						r2->resrec.rrtype == kDNSType_SRV && mDNSSameIPPort(r2->resrec.rdata->u.srv.port, port) &&
						SameDomainLabel(ThirdLabel(r2->resrec.name)->c, tp))
						break;
				if (!r2 && mDNSSameIPPort(port, IPSECPort)) r2 = rr;	// So that we wake for BTMM IPSEC packets, even without a matching SRV record
				if (r2)
					{
					LogMsg("Waking host at %s %#a H-MAC %.6a I-MAC %.6a for %s",
						InterfaceNameForID(m, rr->resrec.InterfaceID), dst, &rr->WakeUp.HMAC, &rr->WakeUp.IMAC, ARDisplayString(m, r2));
					ScheduleWakeup(m, rr->resrec.InterfaceID, &rr->WakeUp.HMAC);
					}
				else
					LogSPS("Sleeping host at %s %#a %.6a has no service on %#s %d",
						InterfaceNameForID(m, rr->resrec.InterfaceID), dst, &rr->WakeUp.HMAC, tp, mDNSVal16(port));
				}
		mDNS_Unlock(m);
		}
	}

mDNSexport void mDNSCoreReceiveRawPacket(mDNS *const m, const mDNSu8 *const p, const mDNSu8 *const end, const mDNSInterfaceID InterfaceID)
	{
	static const mDNSOpaque16 Ethertype_ARP  = { { 0x08, 0x06 } };	// Ethertype 0x0806 = ARP
	static const mDNSOpaque16 Ethertype_IPv4 = { { 0x08, 0x00 } };	// Ethertype 0x0800 = IPv4
	static const mDNSOpaque16 Ethertype_IPv6 = { { 0x86, 0xDD } };	// Ethertype 0x86DD = IPv6
	static const mDNSOpaque16 ARP_hrd_eth    = { { 0x00, 0x01 } };	// Hardware address space (Ethernet = 1)
	static const mDNSOpaque16 ARP_pro_ip     = { { 0x08, 0x00 } };	// Protocol address space (IP = 0x0800)

	// Note: BPF guarantees that the NETWORK LAYER header will be word aligned, not the link-layer header.
	// In other words, we can safely assume that pkt below (ARP, IPv4 or IPv6) is properly word aligned,
	// but if pkt is 4-byte aligned, that necessarily means that eth CANNOT also be 4-byte aligned
	// since it points to a an address 14 bytes before pkt.
	const EthernetHeader     *const eth = (const EthernetHeader *)p;
	const NetworkLayerPacket *const pkt = (const NetworkLayerPacket *)(eth+1);
	mDNSAddr src, dst;
	#define RequiredCapLen(P) ((P)==0x01 ? 4 : (P)==0x06 ? 20 : (P)==0x11 ? 8 : (P)==0x3A ? 24 : 0)

	// Is ARP? Length must be at least 14 + 28 = 42 bytes
	if (end >= p+42 && mDNSSameOpaque16(eth->ethertype, Ethertype_ARP) && mDNSSameOpaque16(pkt->arp.hrd, ARP_hrd_eth) && mDNSSameOpaque16(pkt->arp.pro, ARP_pro_ip))
		mDNSCoreReceiveRawARP(m, &pkt->arp, InterfaceID);
	// Is IPv4 with zero fragmentation offset? Length must be at least 14 + 20 = 34 bytes
	else if (end >= p+34 && mDNSSameOpaque16(eth->ethertype, Ethertype_IPv4) && (pkt->v4.flagsfrags.b[0] & 0x1F) == 0 && pkt->v4.flagsfrags.b[1] == 0)
		{
		const mDNSu8 *const trans = p + 14 + (pkt->v4.vlen & 0xF) * 4;
		debugf("Got IPv4 %02X from %.4a to %.4a", pkt->v4.protocol, &pkt->v4.src, &pkt->v4.dst);
		src.type = mDNSAddrType_IPv4; src.ip.v4 = pkt->v4.src;
		dst.type = mDNSAddrType_IPv4; dst.ip.v4 = pkt->v4.dst;
		if (end >= trans + RequiredCapLen(pkt->v4.protocol))
			mDNSCoreReceiveRawTransportPacket(m, &eth->src, &src, &dst, pkt->v4.protocol, p, (TransportLayerPacket*)trans, end, InterfaceID, 0);
		}
	// Is IPv6? Length must be at least 14 + 28 = 42 bytes
	else if (end >= p+54 && mDNSSameOpaque16(eth->ethertype, Ethertype_IPv6))
		{
		const mDNSu8 *const trans = p + 54;
		debugf("Got IPv6  %02X from %.16a to %.16a", pkt->v6.pro, &pkt->v6.src, &pkt->v6.dst);
		src.type = mDNSAddrType_IPv6; src.ip.v6 = pkt->v6.src;
		dst.type = mDNSAddrType_IPv6; dst.ip.v6 = pkt->v6.dst;
		if (end >= trans + RequiredCapLen(pkt->v6.pro))
			mDNSCoreReceiveRawTransportPacket(m, &eth->src, &src, &dst, pkt->v6.pro, p, (TransportLayerPacket*)trans, end, InterfaceID,
				(mDNSu16)pkt->bytes[4] << 8 | pkt->bytes[5]);
		}
	}

mDNSlocal void ConstructSleepProxyServerName(mDNS *const m, domainlabel *name)
	{
	name->c[0] = (mDNSu8)mDNS_snprintf((char*)name->c+1, 62, "%d-%d-%d-%d %#s",
		m->SPSType, m->SPSPortability, m->SPSMarginalPower, m->SPSTotalPower, &m->nicelabel);
	}

mDNSlocal void SleepProxyServerCallback(mDNS *const m, ServiceRecordSet *const srs, mStatus result)
	{
	if (result == mStatus_NameConflict)
		mDNS_RenameAndReregisterService(m, srs, mDNSNULL);
	else if (result == mStatus_MemFree)
		{
		if (m->SleepState)
			m->SPSState = 3;
		else
			{
			m->SPSState = (mDNSu8)(m->SPSSocket != mDNSNULL);
			if (m->SPSState)
				{
				domainlabel name;
				ConstructSleepProxyServerName(m, &name);
				mDNS_RegisterService(m, srs,
					&name, &SleepProxyServiceType, &localdomain,
					mDNSNULL, m->SPSSocket->port,				// Host, port
					(mDNSu8 *)"", 1,							// TXT data, length
					mDNSNULL, 0,								// Subtypes (none)
					mDNSInterface_Any,							// Interface ID
					SleepProxyServerCallback, mDNSNULL);		// Callback and context
				}
			LogSPS("Sleep Proxy Server %#s %s", srs->RR_SRV.resrec.name->c, m->SPSState ? "started" : "stopped");
			}
		}
	}

// Called with lock held
mDNSexport void mDNSCoreBeSleepProxyServer_internal(mDNS *const m, mDNSu8 sps, mDNSu8 port, mDNSu8 marginalpower, mDNSu8 totpower)
	{
	// This routine uses mDNS_DeregisterService and calls SleepProxyServerCallback, so we execute in user callback context
	mDNS_DropLockBeforeCallback();

	// If turning off SPS, close our socket
	// (Do this first, BEFORE calling mDNS_DeregisterService below)
	if (!sps && m->SPSSocket) { mDNSPlatformUDPClose(m->SPSSocket); m->SPSSocket = mDNSNULL; }

	// If turning off, or changing type, deregister old name
	if (m->SPSState == 1 && sps != m->SPSType)
		{ m->SPSState = 2; mDNS_DeregisterService_drt(m, &m->SPSRecords, sps ? mDNS_Dereg_rapid : mDNS_Dereg_normal); }

	// Record our new SPS parameters
	m->SPSType          = sps;
	m->SPSPortability   = port;
	m->SPSMarginalPower = marginalpower;
	m->SPSTotalPower    = totpower;

	// If turning on, open socket and advertise service
	if (sps)
		{
		if (!m->SPSSocket)
			{
			m->SPSSocket = mDNSPlatformUDPSocket(m, zeroIPPort);
			if (!m->SPSSocket) { LogMsg("mDNSCoreBeSleepProxyServer: Failed to allocate SPSSocket"); goto fail; }
			}
		if (m->SPSState == 0) SleepProxyServerCallback(m, &m->SPSRecords, mStatus_MemFree);
		}
	else if (m->SPSState)
		{
		LogSPS("mDNSCoreBeSleepProxyServer turning off from state %d; will wake clients", m->SPSState);
		m->NextScheduledSPS = m->timenow;
		}
fail:
	mDNS_ReclaimLockAfterCallback();
	}

// ***************************************************************************
#if COMPILER_LIKES_PRAGMA_MARK
#pragma mark -
#pragma mark - Startup and Shutdown
#endif

mDNSlocal void mDNS_GrowCache_internal(mDNS *const m, CacheEntity *storage, mDNSu32 numrecords)
	{
	if (storage && numrecords)
		{
		mDNSu32 i;
		debugf("Adding cache storage for %d more records (%d bytes)", numrecords, numrecords*sizeof(CacheEntity));
		for (i=0; i<numrecords; i++) storage[i].next = &storage[i+1];
		storage[numrecords-1].next = m->rrcache_free;
		m->rrcache_free = storage;
		m->rrcache_size += numrecords;
		}
	}

mDNSexport void mDNS_GrowCache(mDNS *const m, CacheEntity *storage, mDNSu32 numrecords)
	{
	mDNS_Lock(m);
	mDNS_GrowCache_internal(m, storage, numrecords);
	mDNS_Unlock(m);
	}

mDNSexport mStatus mDNS_Init(mDNS *const m, mDNS_PlatformSupport *const p,
	CacheEntity *rrcachestorage, mDNSu32 rrcachesize,
	mDNSBool AdvertiseLocalAddresses, mDNSCallback *Callback, void *Context)
	{
	mDNSu32 slot;
	mDNSs32 timenow;
	mStatus result;
	
	if (!rrcachestorage) rrcachesize = 0;
	
	m->p                             = p;
	m->KnownBugs                     = 0;
	m->CanReceiveUnicastOn5353       = mDNSfalse; // Assume we can't receive unicasts on 5353, unless platform layer tells us otherwise
	m->AdvertiseLocalAddresses       = AdvertiseLocalAddresses;
	m->DivertMulticastAdvertisements = mDNSfalse;
	m->mDNSPlatformStatus            = mStatus_Waiting;
	m->UnicastPort4                  = zeroIPPort;
	m->UnicastPort6                  = zeroIPPort;
	m->PrimaryMAC                    = zeroEthAddr;
	m->MainCallback                  = Callback;
	m->MainContext                   = Context;
	m->rec.r.resrec.RecordType       = 0;

	// For debugging: To catch and report locking failures
	m->mDNS_busy               = 0;
	m->mDNS_reentrancy         = 0;
	m->ShutdownTime            = 0;
	m->lock_rrcache            = 0;
	m->lock_Questions          = 0;
	m->lock_Records            = 0;

	// Task Scheduling variables
	result = mDNSPlatformTimeInit();
	if (result != mStatus_NoError) return(result);
	m->timenow_adjust = (mDNSs32)mDNSRandom(0xFFFFFFFF);
	timenow = mDNS_TimeNow_NoLock(m);

	m->timenow                 = 0;		// MUST only be set within mDNS_Lock/mDNS_Unlock section
	m->timenow_last            = timenow;
	m->NextScheduledEvent      = timenow;
	m->SuppressSending         = timenow;
	m->NextCacheCheck          = timenow + 0x78000000;
	m->NextScheduledQuery      = timenow + 0x78000000;
	m->NextScheduledProbe      = timenow + 0x78000000;
	m->NextScheduledResponse   = timenow + 0x78000000;
	m->NextScheduledNATOp      = timenow + 0x78000000;
	m->NextScheduledSPS        = timenow + 0x78000000;
	m->RandomQueryDelay        = 0;
	m->RandomReconfirmDelay    = 0;
	m->PktNum                  = 0;
	m->LocalRemoveEvents       = mDNSfalse;
	m->SleepState              = SleepState_Awake;
	m->SleepSeqNum             = 0;
	m->SystemWakeOnLANEnabled  = mDNSfalse;
	m->SentSleepProxyRegistration = mDNSfalse;
	m->AnnounceOwner           = NonZeroTime(timenow + 60 * mDNSPlatformOneSecond);
	m->DelaySleep              = 0;
	m->SleepLimit              = 0;

	// These fields only required for mDNS Searcher...
	m->Questions               = mDNSNULL;
	m->NewQuestions            = mDNSNULL;
	m->CurrentQuestion         = mDNSNULL;
	m->LocalOnlyQuestions      = mDNSNULL;
	m->NewLocalOnlyQuestions   = mDNSNULL;
	m->rrcache_size            = 0;
	m->rrcache_totalused       = 0;
	m->rrcache_active          = 0;
	m->rrcache_report          = 10;
	m->rrcache_free            = mDNSNULL;

	for (slot = 0; slot < CACHE_HASH_SLOTS; slot++)
		{
		m->rrcache_hash[slot]      = mDNSNULL;
		m->rrcache_nextcheck[slot] = timenow + 0x78000000;;
		}

	mDNS_GrowCache_internal(m, rrcachestorage, rrcachesize);

	// Fields below only required for mDNS Responder...
	m->hostlabel.c[0]          = 0;
	m->nicelabel.c[0]          = 0;
	m->MulticastHostname.c[0]  = 0;
	m->HIHardware.c[0]         = 0;
	m->HISoftware.c[0]         = 0;
	m->ResourceRecords         = mDNSNULL;
	m->DuplicateRecords        = mDNSNULL;
	m->NewLocalRecords         = mDNSNULL;
	m->CurrentRecord           = mDNSNULL;
	m->HostInterfaces          = mDNSNULL;
	m->ProbeFailTime           = 0;
	m->NumFailedProbes         = 0;
	m->SuppressProbes          = 0;

#ifndef UNICAST_DISABLED
	m->NextuDNSEvent            = timenow + 0x78000000;
	m->NextSRVUpdate            = timenow + 0x78000000;

	m->DNSServers               = mDNSNULL;

	m->Router                   = zeroAddr;
	m->AdvertisedV4             = zeroAddr;
	m->AdvertisedV6             = zeroAddr;

	m->AuthInfoList             = mDNSNULL;

	m->ReverseMap.ThisQInterval = -1;
	m->StaticHostname.c[0]      = 0;
	m->FQDN.c[0]                = 0;
	m->Hostnames                = mDNSNULL;
	m->AutoTunnelHostAddr.b[0]  = 0;
	m->AutoTunnelHostAddrActive = mDNSfalse;
	m->AutoTunnelLabel.c[0]     = 0;

	m->RegisterSearchDomains    = mDNSfalse;
	m->RegisterAutoTunnel6      = mDNStrue;

	// NAT traversal fields
	m->NATTraversals            = mDNSNULL;
	m->CurrentNATTraversal      = mDNSNULL;
	m->retryIntervalGetAddr     = 0;	// delta between time sent and retry
	m->retryGetAddr             = timenow + 0x78000000;	// absolute time when we retry
	m->ExternalAddress          = zerov4Addr;

	m->NATMcastRecvskt          = mDNSNULL;
	m->LastNATupseconds         = 0;
	m->LastNATReplyLocalTime    = timenow;
	m->LastNATMapResultCode     = NATErr_None;

	m->UPnPInterfaceID          = 0;
	m->SSDPSocket               = mDNSNULL;
	m->SSDPWANPPPConnection     = mDNSfalse;
	m->UPnPRouterPort           = zeroIPPort;
	m->UPnPSOAPPort             = zeroIPPort;
	m->UPnPRouterURL            = mDNSNULL;
	m->UPnPWANPPPConnection     = mDNSfalse;
	m->UPnPSOAPURL              = mDNSNULL;
	m->UPnPRouterAddressString  = mDNSNULL;
	m->UPnPSOAPAddressString    = mDNSNULL;
	m->SPSType                  = 0;
	m->SPSPortability           = 0;
	m->SPSMarginalPower         = 0;
	m->SPSTotalPower            = 0;
	m->SPSState                 = 0;
	m->SPSProxyListChanged      = mDNSNULL;
	m->SPSSocket                = mDNSNULL;
	m->SPSBrowseCallback        = mDNSNULL;
	m->ProxyRecords             = 0;

#endif

#if APPLE_OSX_mDNSResponder
	m->TunnelClients            = mDNSNULL;

#if ! NO_WCF
	CHECK_WCF_FUNCTION(WCFConnectionNew)
		{
		m->WCF = WCFConnectionNew();
		if (!m->WCF) { LogMsg("WCFConnectionNew failed"); return -1; }
		}
#endif

#endif

	result = mDNSPlatformInit(m);

#ifndef UNICAST_DISABLED
	// It's better to do this *after* the platform layer has set up the
	// interface list and security credentials
	uDNS_SetupDNSConfig(m);						// Get initial DNS configuration
#endif

	return(result);
	}

mDNSexport void mDNS_ConfigChanged(mDNS *const m)
	{
	if (m->SPSState == 1)
		{
		domainlabel name, newname;
		domainname type, domain;
		DeconstructServiceName(m->SPSRecords.RR_SRV.resrec.name, &name, &type, &domain);
		ConstructSleepProxyServerName(m, &newname);
		if (!SameDomainLabelCS(name.c, newname.c))
			{
			LogSPS("Renaming SPS from “%#s” to “%#s”", name.c, newname.c);
			// When SleepProxyServerCallback gets the mStatus_MemFree message,
			// it will reregister the service under the new name
			m->SPSState = 2;
			mDNS_DeregisterService_drt(m, &m->SPSRecords, mDNS_Dereg_rapid);
			}
		}
	
	if (m->MainCallback)
		m->MainCallback(m, mStatus_ConfigChanged);
	}

mDNSlocal void DynDNSHostNameCallback(mDNS *const m, AuthRecord *const rr, mStatus result)
	{
	(void)m;	// unused
	debugf("NameStatusCallback: result %d for registration of name %##s", result, rr->resrec.name->c);
	mDNSPlatformDynDNSHostNameStatusChanged(rr->resrec.name, result);
	}

mDNSlocal void PurgeOrReconfirmCacheRecord(mDNS *const m, CacheRecord *cr, const DNSServer * const ptr, mDNSBool lameduck)
	{
	mDNSBool purge = cr->resrec.RecordType == kDNSRecordTypePacketNegative ||
					 cr->resrec.rrtype     == kDNSType_A ||
					 cr->resrec.rrtype     == kDNSType_AAAA ||
					 cr->resrec.rrtype     == kDNSType_SRV;

	(void) lameduck;
	(void) ptr;
	debugf("PurgeOrReconfirmCacheRecord: %s cache record due to %s server %p %#a:%d (%##s): %s",
		purge    ? "purging"   : "reconfirming",
		lameduck ? "lame duck" : "new",
		ptr, &ptr->addr, mDNSVal16(ptr->port), ptr->domain.c, CRDisplayString(m, cr));

	if (purge)
		{
		LogInfo("PurgeorReconfirmCacheRecord: Purging Resourcerecord %s, RecordType %x", CRDisplayString(m, cr), cr->resrec.RecordType);
		mDNS_PurgeCacheResourceRecord(m, cr);
		}
	else
		{
		LogInfo("PurgeorReconfirmCacheRecord: Reconfirming Resourcerecord %s, RecordType %x", CRDisplayString(m, cr), cr->resrec.RecordType);
		mDNS_Reconfirm_internal(m, cr, kDefaultReconfirmTimeForNoAnswer);
		}
	}

mDNSlocal void CacheRecordResetDNSServer(mDNS *const m, DNSQuestion *q, DNSServer *new)
	{
	const mDNSu32 slot = HashSlot(&q->qname);
	CacheGroup *const cg = CacheGroupForName(m, slot, q->qnamehash, &q->qname);
	CacheRecord *rp;
	mDNSBool found = mDNSfalse;
	mDNSBool foundNew = mDNSfalse;
	DNSServer *old = q->qDNSServer;
	mDNSBool newQuestion = IsQuestionNew(m, q);
	DNSQuestion *qptr;

	// This function is called when the DNSServer is updated to the new question. There may already be
	// some cache entries matching the old DNSServer and/or new DNSServer. There are four cases. In the
	// following table, "Yes" denotes that a cache entry was found for old/new DNSServer.
	//
	// 					old DNSServer		new DNSServer
	//
	//	Case 1				Yes					Yes
	//  Case 2				No					Yes
	//  Case 3				Yes					No
	//  Case 4				No					No
	//
	// Case 1: There are cache entries for both old and new DNSServer. We handle this case by simply
	//		   expiring the old Cache entries, deliver a RMV event (if an ADD event was delivered before)
	//		   followed by the ADD event of the cache entries corresponding to the new server. This
	//		   case happens when we pick a DNSServer, issue a query and get a valid response and create
	//		   cache entries after which it stops responding. Another query (non-duplicate) picks a different
	//	       DNSServer and creates identical cache entries (perhaps through records in Additional records).
	//		   Now if the first one expires and tries to pick the new DNSServer (the original DNSServer
	//		   is not responding) we will find cache entries corresponding to both DNSServers.
	//
	// Case 2: There are no cache entries for the old DNSServer but there are some for the new DNSServer.
	//		   This means we should deliver an ADD event. Normally ADD events are delivered by
	//		   AnswerNewQuestion if it is a new question. So, we check to see if it is a new question
	//		   and if so, leave it to AnswerNewQuestion to deliver it. Otherwise, we use
	//		   AnswerQuestionsForDNSServerChanges to deliver the ADD event. This case happens when a
	//		   question picks a DNS server for which AnswerNewQuestion could not deliver an answer even
	//         though there were potential cache entries but DNSServer did not match. Now when we
	//         pick a new DNSServer, those cache entries may answer this question.
	//
	// Case 3: There are the cache entries for the old DNSServer but none for the new. We just move
	//		   the old cache entries to point to the new DNSServer and the caller is expected to
	//		   do a purge or reconfirm to delete or validate the RDATA. We don't need to do anything
	//		   special for delivering ADD events, as it should have been done/will be done by
	//		   AnswerNewQuestion. This case happens when we picked a DNSServer, sent the query and
	//		   got a response and the cache is expired now and we are reissuing the question but the
	//		   original DNSServer does not respond.
	//
	// Case 4: There are no cache entries either for the old or for the new DNSServer. There is nothing
	//		   much we can do here.
	//
	// Case 2 and 3 are the most common while case 4 is possible when no DNSServers are working. Case 1
	// is relatively less likely to happen in practice

	// Temporarily set the DNSServer to look for the matching records for the new DNSServer.
	q->qDNSServer = new;
	for (rp = cg ? cg->members : mDNSNULL; rp; rp = rp->next)
		{
		if (SameNameRecordAnswersQuestion(&rp->resrec, q))
			{
			LogInfo("CacheRecordResetDNSServer: Found cache record %##s for new DNSServer address: %#a", rp->resrec.name->c,
				(rp->resrec.rDNSServer != mDNSNULL ?  &rp->resrec.rDNSServer->addr : mDNSNULL));
			foundNew = mDNStrue;
			break;
			}
		}
	q->qDNSServer = old;

	for (rp = cg ? cg->members : mDNSNULL; rp; rp = rp->next)
		{
		if (SameNameRecordAnswersQuestion(&rp->resrec, q))
			{
			// Case1
			found = mDNStrue;
			if (foundNew)
				{
				LogInfo("CacheRecordResetDNSServer: Flushing Resourcerecord %##s, before:%#a, after:%#a", rp->resrec.name->c,
					(rp->resrec.rDNSServer != mDNSNULL ?  &rp->resrec.rDNSServer->addr : mDNSNULL),
					(new != mDNSNULL ?  &new->addr : mDNSNULL));
				mDNS_PurgeCacheResourceRecord(m, rp);
				if (newQuestion)
					{
					// "q" is not a duplicate question. If it is a newQuestion, then the CRActiveQuestion can't be
					// possibly set as it is set only when we deliver the ADD event to the question.
					if (rp->CRActiveQuestion != mDNSNULL)
						{
						LogMsg("CacheRecordResetDNSServer: ERROR!!: CRActiveQuestion %p set, current question %p, name %##s", rp->CRActiveQuestion, q, q->qname.c);
						rp->CRActiveQuestion = mDNSNULL;
						}
					// if this is a new question, then we never delivered an ADD yet, so don't deliver the RMV.
					continue;
					}
				}
			LogInfo("CacheRecordResetDNSServer: resetting cache record %##s DNSServer address before:%#a,"
				" after:%#a, CRActiveQuestion %p", rp->resrec.name->c, (rp->resrec.rDNSServer != mDNSNULL ?
				&rp->resrec.rDNSServer->addr : mDNSNULL), (new != mDNSNULL ?  &new->addr : mDNSNULL),
				rp->CRActiveQuestion);
			// Though we set it to the new DNS server, the caller is *assumed* to do either a purge
			// or reconfirm or send out questions to the "new" server to verify whether the cached
			// RDATA is valid
			rp->resrec.rDNSServer = new;
			}
		}

	// Case 1 and Case 2
	if ((found && foundNew) || (!found && foundNew))
		{
		if (newQuestion)
			LogInfo("CacheRecordResetDNSServer: deliverAddEvents not set for question %p %##s (%s)", q, q->qname.c, DNSTypeName(q->qtype));
		else if (QuerySuppressed(q))
			LogInfo("CacheRecordResetDNSServer: deliverAddEvents not set for suppressed question %p %##s (%s)", q, q->qname.c, DNSTypeName(q->qtype));
		else
			{
			LogInfo("CacheRecordResetDNSServer: deliverAddEvents set for %p %##s (%s)", q, q->qname.c, DNSTypeName(q->qtype));
			q->deliverAddEvents = mDNStrue;
			for (qptr = q->next; qptr; qptr = qptr->next)
				if (qptr->DuplicateOf == q) qptr->deliverAddEvents = mDNStrue;
			}
		return;
		}

	// Case 3 and Case 4
	return;
	}

mDNSexport void DNSServerChangeForQuestion(mDNS *const m, DNSQuestion *q, DNSServer *new)
	{
	DNSQuestion *qptr;

	// 1. Whenever we change the DNS server, we change the message identifier also so that response
	// from the old server is not accepted as a response from the new server but only messages
	// from the new server are accepted as valid responses. We do it irrespective of whether "new"
	// is NULL or not. It is possible that we send two queries, no responses, pick a new DNS server
	// which is NULL and now the response comes back and will try to penalize the DNS server which
	// is NULL. By setting the messageID here, we will not accept that as a valid response.

	q->TargetQID = mDNS_NewMessageID(m);
		
	// 2. Move the old cache records to point them at the new DNSServer so that we can deliver the ADD/RMV events
	// appropriately. At any point in time, we want all the cache records point only to one DNSServer for a given
	// question. "DNSServer" here is the DNSServer object and not the DNS server itself. It is possible to
	// have the same DNS server address in two objects, one scoped and another not scoped. But, the cache is per
	// DNSServer object. By maintaining the question and the cache entries point to the same DNSServer
	// always, the cache maintenance and delivery of ADD/RMV events becomes simpler.
	//
	// CacheRecordResetDNSServer should be called only once for the non-duplicate question as once the cache
	// entries are moved to point to the new DNSServer, we don't need to call it for the duplicate question
	// and it is wrong to call for the duplicate question as it's decision to mark deliverAddevents will be
	// incorrect.

	if (q->DuplicateOf)
		LogMsg("DNSServerChangeForQuestion: ERROR: Called for duplicate question %##s", q->qname.c);
	else
		CacheRecordResetDNSServer(m, q, new);

	// 3. Make sure all the duplicate questions point to the same DNSServer so that delivery
	// of events for all of them are consistent. Duplicates for a question are always inserted
	// after in the list.
	q->qDNSServer = new;
	for (qptr = q->next ; qptr; qptr = qptr->next)
		{
		if (qptr->DuplicateOf == q) { qptr->validDNSServers = q->validDNSServers; qptr->qDNSServer = new; }
		}
	}
	
mDNSexport mStatus uDNS_SetupDNSConfig(mDNS *const m)
	{
	mDNSu32 slot;
	CacheGroup *cg;
	CacheRecord *cr;

	mDNSAddr     v4, v6, r;
	domainname   fqdn;
	DNSServer   *ptr, **p = &m->DNSServers;
	const DNSServer *oldServers = m->DNSServers;
	DNSQuestion *q;
	
	debugf("uDNS_SetupDNSConfig: entry");

	if (m->RegisterSearchDomains) uDNS_RegisterSearchDomains(m);

	mDNS_Lock(m);

	// Let the platform layer get the current DNS information
	// The m->RegisterSearchDomains boolean is so that we lazily get the search domain list only on-demand
	// (no need to hit the network with domain enumeration queries until we actually need that information).
	for (ptr = m->DNSServers; ptr; ptr = ptr->next)
		{
		ptr->penaltyTime = 0;
		ptr->flags |= DNSServer_FlagDelete;
		}

	mDNSPlatformSetDNSConfig(m, mDNStrue, mDNSfalse, &fqdn, mDNSNULL, mDNSNULL);

	// Mark the records to be flushed that match a new resolver. We need to do this before
	// we walk the questions below where we change the DNSServer pointer of the cache
	// record
	FORALL_CACHERECORDS(slot, cg, cr)
		{
		if (cr->resrec.InterfaceID) continue;

		// We just mark them for purge or reconfirm. We can't affect the DNSServer pointer
		// here as the code below that calls CacheRecordResetDNSServer relies on this
		//
		// The new DNSServer may be a scoped or non-scoped one. We use the active question's
		// InterfaceID for looking up the right DNS server
		ptr = GetServerForName(m, cr->resrec.name, cr->CRActiveQuestion ? cr->CRActiveQuestion->InterfaceID : mDNSNULL);

		// Purge or Reconfirm if this cache entry would use the new DNS server
		if (ptr && (ptr != cr->resrec.rDNSServer))
			{
			// As the DNSServers for this cache record is not the same anymore, we don't
			// want any new questions to pick this old value
			if (cr->CRActiveQuestion == mDNSNULL)
				{
				LogInfo("uDNS_SetupDNSConfig: Purging Resourcerecord %s", CRDisplayString(m, cr));
				mDNS_PurgeCacheResourceRecord(m, cr);
				}
			else
				PurgeOrReconfirmCacheRecord(m, cr, ptr, mDNSfalse);
			}
		}
	// Update our qDNSServer pointers before we go and free the DNSServer object memory
	for (q = m->Questions; q; q=q->next)
		if (!mDNSOpaque16IsZero(q->TargetQID))
			{
			DNSServer *s, *t;
			DNSQuestion *qptr;
			if (q->DuplicateOf) continue;
			SetValidDNSServers(m, q);
			q->triedAllServersOnce = 0;
			s = GetServerForQuestion(m, q);
			t = q->qDNSServer;
			if (t != s)
				{
				// If DNS Server for this question has changed, reactivate it
				debugf("uDNS_SetupDNSConfig: Updating DNS Server from %p %#a:%d (%##s) to %p %#a:%d (%##s) for %##s (%s)",
					t, t ? &t->addr : mDNSNULL, mDNSVal16(t ? t->port : zeroIPPort), t ? t->domain.c : (mDNSu8*)"",
					s, s ? &s->addr : mDNSNULL, mDNSVal16(s ? s->port : zeroIPPort), s ? s->domain.c : (mDNSu8*)"",
					q->qname.c, DNSTypeName(q->qtype));

				// After we reset the DNSServer pointer on the cache records here, three things could happen:
				//
				// 1) The query gets sent out and when the actual response comes back later it is possible
				// that the response has the same RDATA, in which case we update our cache entry.
				// If the response is different, then the entry will expire and a new entry gets added.
				// For the latter case to generate a RMV followed by ADD events, we need to reset the DNS
				// server here to match the question and the cache record.
				//
				// 2) We might have marked the cache entries for purge above and for us to be able to generate the RMV
				// events for the questions, the DNSServer on the question should match the Cache Record
				//
				// 3) We might have marked the cache entries for reconfirm above, for which we send the query out which is
				// the same as the first case above.

				DNSServerChangeForQuestion(m, q, s);
				q->unansweredQueries = 0;
				// We still need to pick a new DNSServer for the questions that have been
				// suppressed, but it is wrong to activate the query as DNS server change
				// could not possibly change the status of SuppressUnusable questions
				if (!QuerySuppressed(q))
					{
					debugf("uDNS_SetupDNSConfig: Activating query %p %##s (%s)", q, q->qname.c, DNSTypeName(q->qtype));
					ActivateUnicastQuery(m, q, mDNStrue);
					// ActivateUnicastQuery is called for duplicate questions also as it does something
					// special for AutoTunnel questions
					for (qptr = q->next ; qptr; qptr = qptr->next)
						{
						if (qptr->DuplicateOf == q) ActivateUnicastQuery(m, qptr, mDNStrue);
						}
					}
				}
			else
				{
				debugf("uDNS_SetupDNSConfig: Not Updating DNS server question %p %##s (%s) DNS server %#a:%d %p %d",
					q, q->qname.c, DNSTypeName(q->qtype), t ? &t->addr : mDNSNULL, mDNSVal16(t ? t->port : zeroIPPort), q->DuplicateOf, q->SuppressUnusable);
				for (qptr = q->next ; qptr; qptr = qptr->next)
					if (qptr->DuplicateOf == q) { qptr->validDNSServers = q->validDNSServers; qptr->qDNSServer = q->qDNSServer; }
				}
			}

	while (*p)
		{
		if (((*p)->flags & DNSServer_FlagDelete) != 0)
			{
			// Scan our cache, looking for uDNS records that we would have queried this server for.
			// We reconfirm any records that match, because in this world of split DNS, firewalls, etc.
			// different DNS servers can give different answers to the same question.
			ptr = *p;
			FORALL_CACHERECORDS(slot, cg, cr)
				{
				if (cr->resrec.InterfaceID) continue;
				if (cr->resrec.rDNSServer == ptr)
					{
					// If we don't have an active question for this cache record, neither Purge can
					// generate RMV events nor Reconfirm can send queries out. Just set the DNSServer
					// pointer on the record NULL so that we don't point to freed memory (We might dereference
					// DNSServer pointers from resource record for logging purposes).
					//
					// If there is an active question, point to its DNSServer as long as it does not point to the
					// freed one. We already went through the questions above and made them point at either the
					// new server or NULL if there is no server and also affected the cache entries that match
					// this question. Hence, whenever we hit a resource record with a DNSServer that is just
					// about to be deleted, we should never have an active question. The code below just tries to
					// be careful logging messages if we ever hit this case.

					if (cr->CRActiveQuestion)
						{
						DNSQuestion *qptr = cr->CRActiveQuestion;
						if (qptr->qDNSServer == mDNSNULL)
							LogMsg("uDNS_SetupDNSConfig: Cache Record %s match: Active question %##s (%s) with DNSServer Address NULL, Server to be deleted %#a",
								CRDisplayString(m, cr), qptr->qname.c, DNSTypeName(qptr->qtype), &ptr->addr);
						else
							LogMsg("uDNS_SetupDNSConfig: Cache Record %s match: Active question %##s (%s) DNSServer Address %#a, Server to be deleted %#a",
								CRDisplayString(m, cr),  qptr->qname.c, DNSTypeName(qptr->qtype), &qptr->qDNSServer->addr, &ptr->addr);

						if (qptr->qDNSServer == ptr)
							{
							qptr->validDNSServers = zeroOpaque64;
							qptr->qDNSServer = mDNSNULL;
							cr->resrec.rDNSServer = mDNSNULL;
							}
						else
							{
							cr->resrec.rDNSServer = qptr->qDNSServer;
							}
						}
					else
						{
						LogInfo("uDNS_SetupDNSConfig: Cache Record %##s has no Active question, Record's DNSServer Address %#a, Server to be deleted %#a",
							cr->resrec.name, &cr->resrec.rDNSServer->addr, &ptr->addr);
						cr->resrec.rDNSServer = mDNSNULL;
						}
						
					PurgeOrReconfirmCacheRecord(m, cr, ptr, mDNStrue);
					}
				}
			*p = (*p)->next;
			debugf("uDNS_SetupDNSConfig: Deleting server %p %#a:%d (%##s)", ptr, &ptr->addr, mDNSVal16(ptr->port), ptr->domain.c);
			mDNSPlatformMemFree(ptr);
			NumUnicastDNSServers--;
			}
		else
			{
			(*p)->flags &= ~DNSServer_FlagNew;
			p = &(*p)->next;
			}
		}

	// If we now have no DNS servers at all and we used to have some, then immediately purge all unicast cache records (including for LLQs).
	// This is important for giving prompt remove events when the user disconnects the Ethernet cable or turns off wireless.
	// Otherwise, stale data lingers for 5-10 seconds, which is not the user-experience people expect from Bonjour.
	// Similarly, if we now have some DNS servers and we used to have none, we want to purge any fake negative results we may have generated.
	if ((m->DNSServers != mDNSNULL) != (oldServers != mDNSNULL))
		{
		int count = 0;
		FORALL_CACHERECORDS(slot, cg, cr) if (!cr->resrec.InterfaceID) { mDNS_PurgeCacheResourceRecord(m, cr); count++; }
		LogInfo("uDNS_SetupDNSConfig: %s available; purged %d unicast DNS records from cache",
			m->DNSServers ? "DNS server became" : "No DNS servers", count);

		// Force anything that needs to get zone data to get that information again
		RestartRecordGetZoneData(m);
		}

	// Did our FQDN change?
	if (!SameDomainName(&fqdn, &m->FQDN))
		{
		if (m->FQDN.c[0]) mDNS_RemoveDynDNSHostName(m, &m->FQDN);

		AssignDomainName(&m->FQDN, &fqdn);

		if (m->FQDN.c[0])
			{
			mDNSPlatformDynDNSHostNameStatusChanged(&m->FQDN, 1);
			mDNS_AddDynDNSHostName(m, &m->FQDN, DynDNSHostNameCallback, mDNSNULL);
			}
		}

	mDNS_Unlock(m);

	// handle router and primary interface changes
	v4 = v6 = r = zeroAddr;
	v4.type = r.type = mDNSAddrType_IPv4;

	if (mDNSPlatformGetPrimaryInterface(m, &v4, &v6, &r) == mStatus_NoError && !mDNSv4AddressIsLinkLocal(&v4.ip.v4))
		{
		mDNS_SetPrimaryInterfaceInfo(m,
			!mDNSIPv4AddressIsZero(v4.ip.v4) ? &v4 : mDNSNULL,
			!mDNSIPv6AddressIsZero(v6.ip.v6) ? &v6 : mDNSNULL,
			!mDNSIPv4AddressIsZero(r .ip.v4) ? &r  : mDNSNULL);
		}
	else
		{
		mDNS_SetPrimaryInterfaceInfo(m, mDNSNULL, mDNSNULL, mDNSNULL);
		if (m->FQDN.c[0]) mDNSPlatformDynDNSHostNameStatusChanged(&m->FQDN, 1);	// Set status to 1 to indicate temporary failure
		}

	debugf("uDNS_SetupDNSConfig: number of unicast DNS servers %d", NumUnicastDNSServers);
	return mStatus_NoError;
	}

mDNSexport void mDNSCoreInitComplete(mDNS *const m, mStatus result)
	{
	m->mDNSPlatformStatus = result;
	if (m->MainCallback)
		{
		mDNS_Lock(m);
		mDNS_DropLockBeforeCallback();		// Allow client to legally make mDNS API calls from the callback
		m->MainCallback(m, mStatus_NoError);
		mDNS_ReclaimLockAfterCallback();	// Decrement mDNS_reentrancy to block mDNS API calls again
		mDNS_Unlock(m);
		}
	}

mDNSlocal void DeregLoop(mDNS *const m, AuthRecord *const start)
	{
	m->CurrentRecord = start;
	while (m->CurrentRecord)
		{
		AuthRecord *rr = m->CurrentRecord;
		LogInfo("DeregLoop: %s deregistration for %p %02X %s",
			(rr->resrec.RecordType != kDNSRecordTypeDeregistering) ? "Initiating  " : "Accelerating",
			rr, rr->resrec.RecordType, ARDisplayString(m, rr));
		if (rr->resrec.RecordType != kDNSRecordTypeDeregistering)
			mDNS_Deregister_internal(m, rr, mDNS_Dereg_rapid);
		else if (rr->AnnounceCount > 1)
			{
			rr->AnnounceCount = 1;
			rr->LastAPTime = m->timenow - rr->ThisAPInterval;
			}
		// Mustn't advance m->CurrentRecord until *after* mDNS_Deregister_internal, because
		// new records could have been added to the end of the list as a result of that call.
		if (m->CurrentRecord == rr) // If m->CurrentRecord was not advanced for us, do it now
			m->CurrentRecord = rr->next;
		}
	}

mDNSexport void mDNS_StartExit(mDNS *const m)
	{
	NetworkInterfaceInfo *intf;
	AuthRecord *rr;

	mDNS_Lock(m);

	LogInfo("mDNS_StartExit");
	m->ShutdownTime = NonZeroTime(m->timenow + mDNSPlatformOneSecond * 5);

	mDNSCoreBeSleepProxyServer_internal(m, 0, 0, 0, 0);

#if APPLE_OSX_mDNSResponder
#if ! NO_WCF
	CHECK_WCF_FUNCTION(WCFConnectionDealloc)
		{
		if (m->WCF) WCFConnectionDealloc((WCFConnection *)m->WCF);
		}
#endif
#endif

#ifndef UNICAST_DISABLED
	{
	SearchListElem *s;
	SuspendLLQs(m);
	// Don't need to do SleepRecordRegistrations() here
	// because we deregister all records and services later in this routine
	while (m->Hostnames) mDNS_RemoveDynDNSHostName(m, &m->Hostnames->fqdn);

	// For each member of our SearchList, deregister any records it may have created, and cut them from the list.
	// Otherwise they'll be forcibly deregistered for us (without being cut them from the appropriate list)
	// and we may crash because the list still contains dangling pointers.
	for (s = SearchList; s; s = s->next)
		while (s->AuthRecs)
			{
			ARListElem *dereg = s->AuthRecs;
			s->AuthRecs = s->AuthRecs->next;
			mDNS_Deregister_internal(m, &dereg->ar, mDNS_Dereg_normal);	// Memory will be freed in the FreeARElemCallback
			}
	}
#endif

	for (intf = m->HostInterfaces; intf; intf = intf->next)
		if (intf->Advertise)
			DeadvertiseInterface(m, intf);

	// Shut down all our active NAT Traversals
	while (m->NATTraversals)
		{
		NATTraversalInfo *t = m->NATTraversals;
		mDNS_StopNATOperation_internal(m, t);		// This will cut 't' from the list, thereby advancing m->NATTraversals in the process

		// After stopping the NAT Traversal, we zero out the fields.
		// This has particularly important implications for our AutoTunnel records --
		// when we deregister our AutoTunnel records below, we don't want their mStatus_MemFree
		// handlers to just turn around and attempt to re-register those same records.
		// Clearing t->ExternalPort/t->RequestedPort will cause the mStatus_MemFree callback handlers
		// to not do this.
		t->ExternalAddress = zerov4Addr;
		t->ExternalPort    = zeroIPPort;
		t->RequestedPort   = zeroIPPort;
		t->Lifetime        = 0;
		t->Result          = mStatus_NoError;
		}

	// Make sure there are nothing but deregistering records remaining in the list
	if (m->CurrentRecord)
		LogMsg("mDNS_StartExit: ERROR m->CurrentRecord already set %s", ARDisplayString(m, m->CurrentRecord));

	// We're in the process of shutting down, so queries, etc. are no longer available.
	// Consequently, determining certain information, e.g. the uDNS update server's IP
	// address, will not be possible.  The records on the main list are more likely to
	// already contain such information, so we deregister the duplicate records first.
	LogInfo("mDNS_StartExit: Deregistering duplicate resource records");
	DeregLoop(m, m->DuplicateRecords);
	LogInfo("mDNS_StartExit: Deregistering resource records");
	DeregLoop(m, m->ResourceRecords);
	
	// If we scheduled a response to send goodbye packets, we set NextScheduledResponse to now. Normally when deregistering records,
	// we allow up to 100ms delay (to help improve record grouping) but when shutting down we don't want any such delay.
	if (m->NextScheduledResponse - m->timenow < mDNSPlatformOneSecond)
		{
		m->NextScheduledResponse = m->timenow;
		m->SuppressSending = 0;
		}

	if (m->ResourceRecords) LogInfo("mDNS_StartExit: Sending final record deregistrations");
	else                    LogInfo("mDNS_StartExit: No deregistering records remain");

	for (rr = m->DuplicateRecords; rr; rr = rr->next)
		LogMsg("mDNS_StartExit: Should not still have Duplicate Records remaining: %02X %s", rr->resrec.RecordType, ARDisplayString(m, rr));

	// If any deregistering records remain, send their deregistration announcements before we exit
	if (m->mDNSPlatformStatus != mStatus_NoError) DiscardDeregistrations(m);

	mDNS_Unlock(m);

	LogInfo("mDNS_StartExit: done");
	}

mDNSexport void mDNS_FinalExit(mDNS *const m)
	{
	mDNSu32 rrcache_active = 0;
	mDNSu32 rrcache_totalused = 0;
	mDNSu32 slot;
	AuthRecord *rr;

	LogInfo("mDNS_FinalExit: mDNSPlatformClose");
	mDNSPlatformClose(m);

	rrcache_totalused = m->rrcache_totalused;
	for (slot = 0; slot < CACHE_HASH_SLOTS; slot++)
		{
		while (m->rrcache_hash[slot])
			{
			CacheGroup *cg = m->rrcache_hash[slot];
			while (cg->members)
				{
				CacheRecord *cr = cg->members;
				cg->members = cg->members->next;
				if (cr->CRActiveQuestion) rrcache_active++;
				ReleaseCacheRecord(m, cr);
				}
			cg->rrcache_tail = &cg->members;
			ReleaseCacheGroup(m, &m->rrcache_hash[slot]);
			}
		}
	debugf("mDNS_FinalExit: RR Cache was using %ld records, %lu active", rrcache_totalused, rrcache_active);
	if (rrcache_active != m->rrcache_active)
		LogMsg("*** ERROR *** rrcache_active %lu != m->rrcache_active %lu", rrcache_active, m->rrcache_active);

	for (rr = m->ResourceRecords; rr; rr = rr->next)
		LogMsg("mDNS_FinalExit failed to send goodbye for: %p %02X %s", rr, rr->resrec.RecordType, ARDisplayString(m, rr));

	LogInfo("mDNS_FinalExit: done");
	}