.Dd June 24, 2002 .Os "Mac OS X" .Dt BLESS 1 .Sh NAME .Nm bless .Nd set volume bootability options .Sh SYNOPSIS .Nm bless .Fl folder Ar directory .Op Fl folder9 Ar directory .Op Fl mount Ar directory .Op Fl bootinfo Ar file .Op Fl bootBlocks | Fl bootBlockFile Ar file .Op Fl save9 .Op Fl saveX .Op Fl use9 .Op Fl system Ar file .Op Fl systemfile Ar file .Op Fl label Ar name .Op Fl setOF .Op Fl quiet | verbose .Pp .Nm bless .Fl device Ar device .Oo .Fl format Op Ar fstype .Op Fl fsargs Ar args .Op Fl label Ar name .Oc .Op Fl bootBlockFile Ar file .Op Fl mount Ar directory .Op Fl wrapper Ar file .Op Fl system Ar file .Op Fl xcoff Ar file .Op Fl setOF .Op Fl quiet | verbose .Pp .Nm bless .Fl info Op Ar directory .Op Fl bootBlocks .Op Fl plist .Op Fl quiet | verbose .Sh DESCRIPTION .Nm bless is used to set volume bootability characteristics for PowerPC-based Macintoshes. It can also modify Open Firmware to select a different device to boot off of. .Nm bless has 3 modes of execution: Folder Mode, Device Mode, and Info Mode. Folder Mode allows you to select a folder on a mounted volume to act as the .Do blessed Dc system folder, and optionally update Open Firmware to boot from that volume. Device Mode is normally only used to format and setup a volume for the first time. Info Mode will print out the currently\-blessed folder(s) of a volume, or if no mountpoint is specified, the volume that OF is set to boot from. .Ss FOLDER MODE Folder Mode has the following options: .Bl -tag -width "xbootBlockFilexfile" -compact .It Fl folder Ar directory A blessed Mac OS X/Darwin system folder, containing a .Pa BootX secondary loader for New World machines. .It Fl folder9 Ar directory A Mac OS 9/Classic system folder. If both .Fl folder and .Fl folder9 are given, preference can be given to boot into Mac OS 9 by also using the .Fl use9 flag. .It Fl mount Ar directory In lieu of specifying folders to bless, .Fl mount can be given, and the pre\-existing blessed folders are used. .It Fl bootinfo Ar file Create a .Pa BootX file in the Mac OS X/Darwin system folder using .Ar file as a source. .It Fl bootBlocks Set the boot blocks on the volume. This is required for booting Mac OS 9. Boot blocks can be retrieved from the .Pa System file in the blessed Mac OS 9 system folder, or can be specified more directly using the .Fl bootBlockFile or .Fl system flags. .It Fl bootBlockFile Ar file Extract boot blocks from .Pa file \&. The first 1024 bytes are read from the data fork of that file. .It Fl save9 Used if no .Fl folder9 flag was given, but if the pre\-existing Mac OS 9 system folder should be preserved. .It Fl saveX Used if no .Fl folder flag was given, but if the pre\-existing Mac OS X/Darwin system folder should be preserved. .It Fl use9 Used if both .Fl folder and .Fl folder9 were given, but Mac OS 9 should be the default for the volume. .It Fl system Ar file Extract boot blocks from the .Pa file System file, using the Carbon resource manager. This will fail under Darwin, where Carbon is not present. .It Fl systemfile Ar file Data fork System file to place in blessed System Folder .It Fl label Ar name Render a text label used in the OpenFirmware-based OS picker .It Fl setOF Set the .Em boot-device Open Firmware variable to boot off the volume containing .Fl folder \&. .It Fl quiet Do not print any output .It Fl verbose Print verbose output .El .Ss DEVICE MODE Device Mode has the following options: .Bl -tag -width "xbootBlockFilexfile" -compact .It Fl device Ar device Open the block device .Ar device \&. No volumes should be mounted from .Ar device \&. .It Fl format Op Ar fstype Format the device using the .Ar fstype filesystem, or if it is not given, default to HFS+ with an HFS wrapper. .It Fl fsargs Ar arg Additional arguments to newfs for the given filesystem .It Fl label Ar name Give the filesystem the label .Ar name (in UTF-8 encoding) .It Fl bootBlockFile Ar file Extract boot blocks from .Pa file \&. The first 1024 bytes are read from the data fork of that file. .It Fl mount Ar directory Use .Ar directory as a temporary mount point for the HFS wrapper. .It Fl wrapper Ar file Mount the wrapper on .Fl mount and write .Ar file into the wrapper as the default System file. .It Fl system Ar file Override the .Ar file specifications for .Fl bootBlockFile and .Fl wrapper and use this file instead for both those functions. .It Fl xcoff Ar file Add the .Ar file as the HFS+ StartupFile, and update the partition map to reflect it's location on disk. This is necessary for Old World booting. .It Fl setOF Set the .Em boot-device Open Firmware variable to boot off the volume containing .Fl folder \&. .It Fl quiet Do not print any output .It Fl verbose Print verbose output .El .Ss INFO MODE Info Mode has the following options: .Bl -tag -width "xbootBlockFilexfile" -compact .It Fl info Op Ar directory Print out the blessed system folder for .Ar directory \&. If .Ar directory is not specified, print information for the current .Em boot-device (which may not necessarily be .So / .Sc \&. .It Fl bootBlocks Print out salient fields from the boot blocks of the volume. .It Fl plist Output all information in Property List (.plist) format, suitable for parsing by CoreFoundation. This is most useful when .Nm bless is executed from another program and its standard output must be parsed. .It Fl quiet Do not print any output .It Fl verbose Print verbose output .El .Sh FILES .Bl -tag -width /usr/standalong/ppc/bootx.bootinfo -compact .It Pa /usr/standalone/ppc/bootx.xcoff Secondary loader in XCOFF format, used with .Fl xcoff flag. Used for booting of Old World PPC-based Macintoshes .It Pa /usr/standalong/ppc/bootx.bootinfo Secondary loader with XML headers, used with .Fl bootinfo flag. Used for booting New World PPC-based Macintoshes .It Pa /System/Library/CoreServices Typical blessed folder for Mac OS X and Darwin .El .Sh EXAMPLES .Ss FOLDER MODE To bless a volume with only Mac OS 9: .Bd -ragged -offset indent .Nm bless .Fl folder9 .Qo /Volumes/Mac OS 9/System Folder Qc .Fl bootBlocks .Ed .Pp To bless a volume with only Mac OS X or Darwin, and create the BootX file: .Bd -ragged -offset indent .Nm bless .Fl folder .Qo /Volumes/Mac OS X/System/Library/CoreServices Qc .Fl bootinfo .Qo /Volumes/Mac OS X/usr/standalone/ppc/bootx.bootinfo Qc .Ed .Pp To set a volume containing both Mac OS 9 and Mac OS X to be the active volume: .Bd -ragged -offset indent .Nm bless .Fl folder .Qo /Volumes/Mac OS/System/Library/CoreServices Qc .Fl folder9 .Qo /Volumes/Mac OS/System Folder Qc .Fl bootBlocks .Fl setOF .Ed .Ss DEVICE MODE To create a Mac OS X/Darwin bootable CD: .Bd -ragged -offset indent .Nm bless .Fl device /dev/disk2s9 .Fl format hfs .Fl label .Qo Darwin PPC Qc .Fl bootBlockFile .Qo bootblocks.bin Qc .Fl wrapper .Qo cdSystem Qc .Fl xcoff .Qo /usr/standalone/ppc/bootx.xcoff Qc .Ed .Pp To create a Mac OS X/Darwin bootable hard drive partition: .Bd -ragged -offset indent .Nm bless .Fl device /dev/disk0s11 .Fl format hfs .Fl label .Qo Mac OS X Qc .Fl xcoff .Qo /usr/standalone/ppc/bootx.xcoff Qc .Pp \&... .Pp .Nm bless .Fl folder .Qo /Volume/HD/System/Library/CoreServices Qc .Fl folder9 .Qo /Volume/HD/System/Library/CoreServices Qc .Fl systemfile .Qo hdSystem Qc .Fl bootBlockFile .Qo bootblocks.bin Qc .Fl bootinfo .Qo /Volumes/HD/usr/standalone/ppc/bootx.bootinfo Qc .Ed .Ss INFO MODE To gather information about the currently selected volume (as determined by Open Firmware), suitable for piping to a program capable of parsing Property Lists: .Bd -ragged -offset indent .Nm bless .Fl info .Fl plist .Fl bootBlocks .Ed .Sh SEE ALSO .Xr mount 8 , .Xr newfs 8 , .Xr nvram 8 .Sh BUGS .Nm bless has no bugs \" Hmmm... ;-)