.\"
.\" Copyright © 2002 Keith Packard
.\"
.\" Permission to use, copy, modify, distribute, and sell this software and its
.\" documentation for any purpose is hereby granted without fee, provided that
.\" the above copyright notice appear in all copies and that both that
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.\"
.\" KEITH PACKARD DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE,
.\" INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS, IN NO
.\" EVENT SHALL KEITH PACKARD BE LIABLE FOR ANY SPECIAL, INDIRECT OR
.\" CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE,
.\" DATA OR PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER
.\" TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR
.\" PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.
.\"
.de TQ
.br
.ns
.TP \\$1
..
.TH XCURSOR __libmansuffix__ __xorgversion__ "Keith Packard"
.SH NAME
XCURSOR \- Cursor management library
.SH SYNOPSIS
.nf
.B #include <X11/Xcursor/Xcursor.h>
.fi
.SH DESCRIPTION
.B Xcursor
is a simple library designed to help locate and load cursors. Cursors can
be loaded from files or memory. A library of common cursors exists which
map to the standard X cursor names. Cursors can exist in several sizes and
the library automatically picks the best size.
.SH FUNCTIONAL OVERVIEW
Xcursor is built in a couple of layers; at the bottom layer is code which
can load cursor images from files. Above that is a layer which locates
cursor files based on the library path and theme. At the top is a layer
which builds cursors either out of an image loaded from a file or one of the
standard X cursors. When using images loaded from files, Xcursor prefers
to use the Render extension CreateCursor request if supported by the X
server. Where not supported, Xcursor maps the cursor image to a standard X
cursor and uses the core CreateCursor request.
.SS CURSOR FILES
Xcursor defines a new format for cursors on disk. Each file holds
one or more cursor images. Each cursor image is tagged with a nominal size
so that the best size can be selected automatically. Multiple cursors of
the same nominal size can be loaded together; applications are expected to
use them as an animated sequence.
.P
Cursor files are stored as a header containing a table of contents followed
by a sequence of chunks. The table of contents indicates the type, subtype
and position in the file of each chunk. The file header looks like:
.LP
.in +.2i
\fImagic\fP\^: CARD32 'Xcur' (0x58, 0x63, 0x75, 0x72)
.br
\fIheader\fP\^: CARD32 bytes in this header
.br
\fIversion\fP\^: CARD32 file version number
.br
\fIntoc\fP\^: CARD32 number of toc entries
.br
\fItoc\fP\^: LISTofTOC table of contents
.in -.2i
.P
Each table of contents entry looks like:
.LP
.in +.2i
\fItype\fP\^: CARD32 entry type
.br
\fIsubtype\fP\^: CARD32 type-specific label - size for images
.br
\fIposition\fP\^: CARD32 absolute byte position of table in file
.in -.2i
.P
.P
Each chunk in the file has set of common header fields followed by
additional type-specific fields:
.LP
.in +.2i
\fIheader\fP\^: CARD32 bytes in chunk header (including type-specific fields)
.br
\fItype\fP\^: CARD32 must match type in TOC for this chunk
.br
\fIsubtype\fP\^: CARD32 must match subtype in TOC for this chunk
.br
\fIversion\fP\^: CARD32 version number for this chunk type
.in -.2i
.P
There are currently two chunk types defined for cursor files; comments and
images. Comments look like:
.LP
.in +.2i
\fIheader\fP\^: 20 Comment headers are 20 bytes
.br
\fItype\fP\^: 0xfffe0001 Comment type is 0xfffe0001
.br
\fIsubtype\fP\^: { 1 (COPYRIGHT), 2 (LICENSE), 3 (OTHER) }
.br
\fIversion\fP\^: 1
.br
\fIlength\fP\^: CARD32 byte length of UTF-8 string
.br
\fIstring\fP\^: LISTofCARD8 UTF-8 string
.in -.2i
.P
Images look like:
.LP
.in +.2i
\fIheader\fP\^: 36 Image headers are 36 bytes
.br
\fItype\fP\^: 0xfffd0002 Image type is 0xfffd0002
.br
\fIsubtype\fP\^: CARD32 Image subtype is the nominal size
.br
\fIversion\fP\^: 1
.br
\fIwidth\fP\^: CARD32 Must be less than or equal to 0x7fff
.br
\fIheight\fP\^: CARD32 Must be less than or equal to 0x7fff
.br
\fIxhot\fP\^: CARD32 Must be less than or equal to width
.br
\fIyhot\fP\^: CARD32 Must be less than or equal to height
.br
\fIdelay\fP\^: CARD32 Delay between animation frames in milliseconds
.br
\fIpixels\fP\^: LISTofCARD32 Packed ARGB format pixels
.in -.2i
.SS THEMES
Xcursor (mostly) follows the freedesktop.org spec for theming icons. The
default search path it uses is __XCURSORPATH__. Within each of these
directories, it searches for a directory using the theme name. Within the
theme directory, it looks for cursor files in the 'cursors' subdirectory.
It uses the first cursor file found along the path.
.PP
If necessary, Xcursor also looks for a "index.theme" file in each theme
directory to find inherited themes and searches along the path for those
themes as well.
.PP
If no theme is set, or if no cursor is found for the specified theme,
Xcursor checks the "default" theme.
.SH DATATYPES
.TP
.B XcursorImage
holds a single cursor image in memory. Each pixel in the cursor is a 32-bit
value containing ARGB with A in the high byte.
.sp
.nf
.ft CR
typedef struct _XcursorImage {
XcursorDim size; /\(** nominal size for matching */
XcursorDim width; /\(** actual width */
XcursorDim height; /\(** actual height */
XcursorDim xhot; /\(** hot spot x (must be inside image) */
XcursorDim yhot; /\(** hot spot y (must be inside image) */
XcursorPixel *pixels; /\(** pointer to pixels */
} XcursorImage;
.ft
.fi
.TP
.B XcursorImages
holds multiple XcursorImage structures. They're all freed when the
XcursorImages is freed.
.sp
.nf
.ft CR
typedef struct _XcursorImages {
int nimage; /\(** number of images */
XcursorImage **images; /\(** array of XcursorImage pointers */
} XcursorImages;
.ft
.fi
.TP
.B XcursorCursors
Holds multiple Cursor objects. They're all freed when the XcursorCursors is
freed. These are reference counted so that multiple XcursorAnimate
structures can use the same XcursorCursors.
.sp
.nf
.ft CR
typedef struct _XcursorCursors {
Display *dpy; /\(** Display holding cursors */
int ref; /\(** reference count */
int ncursor; /\(** number of cursors */
Cursor *cursors; /\(** array of cursors */
} XcursorCursors;
.ft
.fi
.TP
.B XcursorAnimate
References a set of cursors and a sequence within that set. Multiple
XcursorAnimate structures may reference the same XcursorCursors; each
holds a reference which is removed when the XcursorAnimate is freed.
.sp
.nf
.ft CR
typedef struct _XcursorAnimate {
XcursorCursors *cursors; /\(** list of cursors to use */
int sequence; /\(** which cursor is next */
} XcursorAnimate;
.ft
.fi
.TP
.B XcursorFile
Xcursor provides an abstract API for accessing the file data. Xcursor
provides a stdio implementation of this abstract API; applications
are free to create additional implementations. These functions
parallel the stdio functions in return value and expected argument values;
the read and write functions flip the arguments around to match the POSIX
versions.
.sp
.nf
.ft CR
typedef struct _XcursorFile {
void *closure;
int (*read) (XcursorFile *file, unsigned char *buf, int len);
int (*write) (XcursorFile *file, unsigned char *buf, int len);
int (*seek) (XcursorFile *file, long offset, int whence);
};
.ft
.fi
.SH FUNCTIONS
.SS Object Management
.TP
XcursorImage *XcursorImageCreate (int width, int height)
.TQ
void XcursorImageDestroy (XcursorImage *image)
Allocate and free images. On allocation, the hotspot and the pixels are
left uninitialized. The size is set to the maximum of width and height.
.TP
XcursorImages *XcursorImagesCreate (int size)
.TQ
void XcursorImagesDestroy (XcursorImages *images)
Allocate and free arrays to hold multiple cursor images. On allocation,
nimage is set to zero.
.TP
XcursorCursors *XcursorCursorsCreate (Display *dpy, int size)
.TQ
void XcursorCursorsDestroy (XcursorCursors *cursors)
Allocate and free arrays to hold multiple cursors. On allocation,
ncursor is set to zero, ref is set to one.
.SS Reading and writing images.
.TP
XcursorImage *XcursorXcFileLoadImage (XcursorFile *file, int size)
.TQ
XcursorImages *XcursorXcFileLoadImages (XcursorFile *file, int size)
.TQ
XcursorImages *XcursorXcFileLoadAllImages (XcursorFile *file)
.TQ
XcursorBool XcursorXcFileLoad (XcursorFile *file, XcursorComments **commentsp, XcursorImages **imagesp)
.TQ
XcursorBool XcursorXcFileSave (XcursorFile *file, const XcursorComments *comments, const XcursorImages *images)
These read and write cursors from an XcursorFile handle. After reading, the
file pointer will be left at some random place in the file.
.TP
XcursorImage *XcursorFileLoadImage (FILE *file, int size)
.TQ
XcursorImages *XcursorFileLoadImages (FILE *file, int size)
.TQ
XcursorImages *XcursorFileLoadAllImages (FILE *file)
.TQ
XcursorBool XcursorFileLoad (FILE *file, XcursorComments **commentsp, XcursorImages **imagesp)
.TQ
XcursorBool XcursorFileSaveImages (FILE *file, const XcursorImages *images)
.TQ
XcursorBool XcursorFileSave (FILE * file, const XcursorComments *comments, const XcursorImages *images)
These read and write cursors from a stdio FILE handle. Writing flushes
before returning so that any errors should be detected.
.TP
XcursorImage *XcursorFilenameLoadImage (const char *filename, int size)
.TQ
XcursorImages *XcursorFilenameLoadImages (const char *filename, int size)
.TQ
XcursorImages *XcursorFilenameLoadAllImages (FILE *file)
.TQ
XcursorBool XcursorFilenameLoad (const char *file, XcursorComments **commentsp, XcursorImages **imagesp)
.TQ
XcursorBool XcursorFilenameSaveImages (const char *filename, const XcursorImages *images)
.TQ
XcursorBool XcursorFilenameSave (const char *file, const XcursorComments *comments, const XcursorImages *images)
These parallel the stdio FILE interfaces above, but take filenames.
.SS Reading library images
.TP
XcursorImage *XcursorLibraryLoadImage (const char *name, const char *theme, int size)
.TQ
XcursorImages *XcursorLibraryLoadImages (const char *name, const char *theme, int size)
These search the library path, loading the first file found. If 'theme' is
not NULL, these functions first try appending -theme to name and then
name alone.
.SS Cursor APIs
.TP
Cursor XcursorFilenameLoadCursor (Display *dpy, const char *file)
.TQ
XcursorCursors *XcursorFilenameLoadCursors (Display *dpy, const char *file)
These load cursors from the specified file.
.TP
Cursor XcursorLibraryLoadCursor (Display *dpy, const char *name)
.TQ
XcursorCursors *XcursorLibraryLoadCursors (Display *dpy, const char *name)
These load cursors using the specified library name. The theme
comes from the display.
.SS X Cursor Name APIs
.TP
XcursorImage *XcursorShapeLoadImage (unsigned int shape, const char *theme, int size)
.TQ
XcursorImages *XcursorShapeLoadImages (unsigned int shape, const char *theme, int size)
These map 'shape' to a library name using the standard X cursor names and
then load the images.
.TP
Cursor XcursorShapeLoadCursor (Display *dpy, unsigned int shape)
.TQ
XcursorCursors *XcursorShapeLoadCursors (Display *dpy, unsigned int shape)
These map 'shape' to a library name and then load the cursors.
.SS Display Information APIs
.TP
XcursorBool XcursorSupportsARGB (Display *dpy)
Returns whether the display supports ARGB cursors or whether cursors will be
mapped to a core X cursor.
.TP
XcursorBool XcursorSetDefaultSize (Display *dpy, int size)
Sets the default size for cursors on the specified display. When loading
cursors, those whose nominal size is closest to this size will be preferred.
.TP
int XcursorGetDefaultSize (Display *dpy)
Gets the default cursor size.
.TP
XcursorBool XcursorSetTheme (Display *dpy, const char *theme)
Sets the current theme name.
.TP
char *XcursorGetTheme (Display *dpy)
Gets the current theme name.
.SH "ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES"
.TP 15
.B XCURSOR_PATH
This variable sets the list of paths to look for cursors in.
Directories in this path are separated by colons (:).
.SH RESTRICTIONS
.B Xcursor
will probably change radically in the future; weak attempts will be made to
retain some level of source-file compatibility.
.SH AUTHOR
Keith Packard